Unit 5

1 Een lid van het schoolbestuur.

2 Veel zwarte Amerikanen noemen zich tegenwoordig African-Americans, omdat ze oorspronkelijk uit Afrika komen.

3 Iedere beslissing heeft met het rassenonderscheid te maken.

4 Het feit dat er mensen van verschillende rassen in Durham wonen geeft het plaatsje een ziel.

5 Cary is een stad die opgedeeld is in oneindig veel doodlopende straatjes. Je weet de helft van de tijd niet waar je bent, want alles lijkt op elkaar.

6 Hiermee wordt bedoeld: de veranderingen in de samenstelling van de bevolking.

7 Ruzie bij de politie; de fusie tussen stadsscholen en districtsscholen; een blanke huiseigenaar die een zwarte jongen doodschoot die had ingebroken in zijn garage.

8 Ze waren teleurgesteld.

9 Hij is president van de Kamer van Koophandel. Hij beweert dat buitenstaanders de problemen in Durham overdrijven en dat ze ervan willen profiteren.

10 Volgens Doug Pearson heeft Durham de actiefste, best geïnformeerde en meest agressieve belangengroepen die hij ooit heeft meegemaakt.

11 Ze komt oorspronkelijk uit Pennsylvania.

12 De inwoners van Durham dragen het hart op de tong. Ze zeggen dus gewoon wat ze vinden.

	thick	there
1	booth
2	health
3		thus
4		southern
5	north
6	Macbeth
7	thousands
8	teeth
9		smooth
10		leather
11	pathetic
12		to breathe
13		to bother
14	thorough
15		father
16		to gather
17	wealth
18	thieves
19	breath
20	throat

1 sponger

2 ride

3 all the same

4 broke

5 thoughtful

6 scene

7 collect

8 thick skull

66 Suggested key

0 Do you feel like coming along tomorrow night? I’m going ballroom dancing. It’s great fun.

– Ballroom dancing? You must be joking. What a funny thing to do in your spare time.

0 You’re prejudiced and you don’t know anything about it. You’ll meet nice people. They’re well-dressed. Of course there’s no ‘house’ or ‘hard rock’. It’s quite cultured. It’s all part of your education.

– Well, I don't know about that. Why does ballroom dancing have to be part of my education?

0 I’ll explain it to you. You have a good education. ‘VWO’. You hope to get a good job later. You’ll move in all kinds of circles. Dancing to house music won’t do, then. You can’t do that with a manager’s wife or husband.

– You may have a point there. I've never seen it like this. Do you have to be a member or can I just look around for a while?

0 I’ll introduce you. Of course you can take part. The first night is free. You must be properly dressed. No jeans, no Nikes or Reeboks!

– I see. So you expect me to wear tails or a dinner jacket. No way! Not my scene at all.

0 Don’t exaggerate. There’s nobody in evening dress. The only thing I ask is that you’re properly dressed. Is that asking too much?

– No, I guess you're right. What time shall I collect you on Saturday?

0 At about six. Let’s have a drink somewhere first. I’ll be able to fill you in on the fox trot and other dances. All right?

– Good idea. See you then.

67 Suggested key

– Oh dear, what's happened to you? You can hardly stand on your feet, let alone walk! Have you been in a fight or something?

0 Not at all. I played football yesterday. I had a little accident. It was a fair game, though. It was all my own fault. These things happen, you know.

– I've told you before how dangerous football can be. Look at the state you're in! Why don't you give it up and take up a decent sport?

0 Like hockey? Do you want to persuade me to take up hockey again? Hockey is no kind of sport. Hitting a little ball with a piece of wood.

– A stick, you mean. Well, I've been playing hockey for years and I've only had a few minor injuries. Not worth mentioning.

0 Are you sure? You have a short memory. Last year you almost lost an eye. You were taken to hospital by ambulance. They were just in time. A minor injury indeed. I’d rather have two broken legs. No, hockey’s a dangerous sport.

– Yes, you're right. But these things happen, you know. It all went so fast. It only happens once in a million years, I'm sure. But football is a far more physical sport. That's why you're limping like a lame horse.

0 You may be right. It’s a physical sport, but it’s fair. When you play hockey, the referee blows his whistle every ten seconds. It really drives you crazy. In football more things are allowed, as it should be.

– That's why there are so many injuries, lots of them deliberate. And the language you hear! Shocking.

0 You’re not a snob, I hope? So hockey is for civilized people and football is just for the common man, for the man in the street. I have made a lot of friends after our games. Real friends. They’d do anything for you.

– I'm not a snob at all. And I quite agree that football is a more exciting sport than hockey. But I really hate the way players jump on top of each other and take their shirts off after they've scored a goal. But if they want to make fools of themselves, it's alright with me.

0 You’re right there. Some footballers are real idiots. They behave like lunatics. But it’s all show. Don’t take it seriously.

– I don't. By the way, do you fancy a drink? There's a nice little pub only a hundred yards away. I'm sure we can sit outside.

0 I’ll drink to that. I’ll limp along. Shall we continue our discussion? Or do you prefer a different subject?

– Well, we'd better change the subject. And you must admit that you're the living proof that I'm right.

68 Suggested key

0 Have you made any holiday plans yet?

– As a matter of fact, I haven't. Perhaps I'll just stay at home.

0 I’ve worked hard enough. What I want is an active holiday. Not on the beach. Not a holiday in the south.

– I agree with you there. Lying in the sun all day is a boring business. I have no patience for that.

0 How about a holiday in England? A cycling holiday, perhaps. I’ve read a lot about it. It seems to be a wonderful experience. My sister and a friend of hers went cycling in England last year. They were very enthusiastic. It does seem to be slightly hilly. I don’t mind, though.

– You don't mind, do you? Actually I'm not so fond of riding through hilly countryside. What part of England do you have in mind?

0 The south. Kent is very beautiful. The countryside is marvellous, the Weald for example. And Canterbury. There’s a magnificent cathedral. There are a lot of castles. The most beautiful is Leeds Castle. But I can also recommend Hever Castle and Penshurst.

– You talk as if you've already been there. Mind you, I liked what you said about Kent. And I suppose it's pretty flat, otherwise you wouldn't have mentioned it to me. Am I right?

0 I’m afraid I have to disappoint you. It’s rather hilly, especially the Weald and the North Downs. But you’re young and fit, aren’t you?

– Perhaps you are, but I haven't cycled for months. I always go to school by bus.

0 By bus? You live six kilometres from the school. Six at the most. You must be lazy by nature.

– Well, I am pretty lazy, I must admit. But aren't there any flat parts in the south of England? I really think I'm not fit enough for all those steep hills.

0 Let me think. Yes, there’s East Anglia in the south-east. It looks a bit like Holland. There are beautiful cities like Norwich and especially Cambridge. There are canals and fens and marshes. It’s really beautiful. I’ve got a book about East Anglia. Would you like to borrow it?

– Please. I'm very interested. The idea of a cycling holiday abroad really appeals to me. I suggest we decide about it after I've read your book.

0 All right. Meanwhile, we’ll ask about good camp sites. It may be necessary to book a pitch.

1 Als blijk van erkenning voor zijn grote overwinning op de Fransen in 1704 (de slag om Blenheim).

2 Deze bibliotheek bevat meer dan 10.000 boeken in een kamer die 183 voet lang is (ongeveer 61 meter).

3 Dat zijn onder andere persoonlijke bezittingen van Churchill, brieven, boeken en foto’s.

4 Exotische tropische vlinders; een speeltuin; een cafetaria; een spoorlijntje.

5 Souvenirs, allerlei soorten jam en snoepjes.

1 A

2 A

3 A

4 A

5 B

6 A

7 A

8 A

9 B

10 B

11 A

12 B

13 A

14 B

15 B

16 A

17 A

1 Het voornaamste geschilpunt betrof de voogdij over hun enig kind, Giovanna.

2 Dat hij zichzelf had gestoken.

3 Ze kon gebruikmaken van de diensten van advocaten.

4 Ze zegt dat mannen die geweld gebruiken tegen vrouwen te gemakkelijk toegang kunnen krijgen tot hun kinderen. Hierdoor loopt de moeder gevaar.

5 Dat mensen die een gewelddadig verleden hebben, hun kinderen mogen bezoeken zonder dat er sprake is van toezicht.

6 Bezoekrecht onder toezicht. Het afhalen en terugbrengen van kinderen onder toezicht of op een neutrale plaats, zoals bijvoorbeeld een politiebureau.

7 Hij zou geen $13.000 hebben betaald om zijn kind te onderhouden; hij zou zich niet willen onderwerpen aan een psychologisch onderzoek dat door de rechtbank was opgelegd.

8 Dat Amerika te veel gewend is geraakt aan geweld.

1 k

2 a

3 j

4 h

5 c

6 i

7 d

8 l

9 f

10 g

11 e

12 b

1 already

2 still

3 yet

4 still

5 still

6 already (preferable to yet; element of surprise)

7 yet

8 still

9 already

10 already (preferable to yet; element of surprise)

1 unpopular

Impopular wordt vaak gezegd, maar het is fout.

2 unacceptable

3 immemorial

4 uncertain

5 impolite

6 undecided

7 inflexible

8 unlikely

9 uneasy

10 unavoidable

11 uninhabited

12 infallible

13 immoral

14 unlawful (illegitimate)

1 the rear light of your bike

Bij dingen een vorm met ‘of’.

2 top of the road

Zie 1.

3 greengrocer’s

Een local genitive.

4 Faculty of Medicine

Na ‘Faculty’ altijd een vorm met ‘of’.

5 of cider

Altijd ‘of’ gebruiken na woorden die een bepaalde hoeveelheid uitdrukken, zoals ‘cup’, glass’ en bottle’.

6 the colour of your new car

7 a moment’s

Uitdrukkingen die tijd of afstand aangeven.

8 State of

Bij geografische namen ‘of’ gebruiken.

9 of Arran

10 rules of the game

2 friends of my brother’s

3 the firm of Downe and Ampney

Zie Grammar Survey 3, nummer 2d.

4 policemen’s

De apostrofe + s komt na ‘policemen’, niet na ‘policemens’, want dat woord bestaat niet.

5 Harker’s

Bij personen gebruik je een genitive, dus in dit geval apostrofe + s.

7 the end of the world

9 hairdresser’s

Een local Genitive; zie Grammar Survey 3, nummer 1c.

1 Bill Portland was sentenced to a month’s imprisonment.

2 He also got a six month driving ban.

Bij cijfers hoger dan 1 gebruik je geen apostrofe.

3 I don’t know Bill Portland. Is he a friend of yours?

4 He used to be a neighbour of ours, but nowadays he lives somewhere just outside the city of Belfast.

5 The station is (at) about a ten minute walk from our school.

6 What do you think of John Keats’ (John Keats’s) poetry?

Bij namen die eindigen op een s kun je twee dingen doen: ‘James’ books’ en ‘James’s book’. De laatste vorm komt veel minder voor dan de eerste.

7 I don’t know. I’ve only read a few poems of his.

8 Who nicked (took) today’s paper?

9 Don’t forget tonight’s party!

10 Who is the writer of this play?

11 We were at out wits’ end. The grocer’s was closed.

Een local Genitive; zie Grammar Survey 3, 1c.

12 The abbey is at a stone’s throw from the village.

Dat is een vaste uitdrukking.

13 It is an eleven hour flight. They will be very tired.

14 This is no lie. I have the story from the horse’s mouth.

Zie 12.

15 Do you know an English expression about ‘a dog’s hair’?

Bij dieren gebruik je meestal een genitive.

Unit 6

1 He had been drinking beer.

2 It might be cooler then.

3 The larger church is only a ruin.

4 Steve says Ariane looks exhausted.

5 The first time: there’s a sharp bend in the road so Steve tells his passengers to hold on tight. The second time it means: wait a minute.

1 exhausted

2 distance

3 heading

4 statue

5 lighthouse

6 Hardly

7 objection

8 weather forecast

1 about

2 hardly a soul

3 all the same

4 saunter

5 change your mind

6 heatwave

7 melt

8 exercise

9 world

10 like

11 keen

12 turning

13 miss

85 Suggested key

0 What about walking for a change? That would be nice. We could walk to Three Bridges.

– Why don't we go by car? How far is it anyway?

0 A couple of miles. It’s much nicer to walk. The roads are not suitable for cars.

– You know I'm lazy by nature. I really don't feel like walking so far.

0 You used to be fond of camping! Remember?

– To be quite honest I can't remember.

0 Really? Nothing bothered you then. Not the heat, anyway. You never wanted to take a rest. I did. I always needed to get my breath back.

– Yes, but that's all in the past, isn't it? I prefer a life of luxury these days.

0 That’s why you’re so tired. You should take more exercise. You don’t have to run. Sauntering is enough. It will do you good.

– Alright, if you insist. Do you know how to get there?

0 Straight ahead and then the second turning on the right. We’ll get to a roundabout. We’ll go straight ahead again. Then it’s the second road on the left. We can’t miss it.

– O.K. Let's go.

86 Suggested key

When the cat’s away ...

– I've got a surprise for you! You haven't got any plans for tonight, have you?

0 A surprise? I don’t like surprises. What, for example?

– How about coming to a party tonight?

0 What kind of party? I don’t like parties. You know that, don’t you?

– It's at Ashley's house. His parents are away.

0 I know. I don’t think it’s a good idea. At least not tonight.

– What do you mean? What's wrong with it? Sounds a great idea to me. I haven't been to a decent party for ages. Neither have you, have you?

0 And how about last Friday, then? Wasn’t that a party?

– I mean a real party! Those were only kids.

0 I don’t know. I don’t feel like it. I’m exhausted. I haven’t had much sleep lately. Too many late nights.

– But it's going to be really fantastic! Come on -- it will do you the world of good. You need to get out and enjoy yourself a bit more.

0 How do you know it’s really going to be that fantastic?

– Well, for one thing, I'm the disc-jockey, that's why! And there's going to be a huge crowd. Everybody's coming.

0 I’m afraid I can’t make it. I have a lot of homework to catch up with, you see.

– Rubbish! That's no argument.

... the mice will play

0 And if his parents come home sooner than expected?

– No chance. They're somewhere in Italy at the moment. Nothing to worry about, you see -- plenty of time to clear up the house afterwards. They'll never know there has been a party.

0 Ashley’s sister says they’re coming home tomorrow. Before noon.

– Nonsense! When did she tell you that?

0 She told me yesterday. I talked to her over the phone

– What does she know about it? They won't be back before Wednesday at the earliest.

0 How do you know?

– They rang Ashley this afternoon. I told you -- they won't be back for the next few days. Nothing to worry about!

0 I suppose they must have changed their minds.

– Yes. They've decided to stay a bit longer because of the weather.

0 I’m sure it’s far too hot there. There’s a heatwave. Surely they must melt away!

– That's just it. Here it's 36 degrees, but in Italy it's only 27 degrees at the moment. That's why they don't want to come back home yet -- his father wouldn't be able to stand the heat.

0 Are you sure about that? If that’s the case, I’ll come along to the party. What are we waiting for anyway?

1 A

My whole sense of identity had been undermined by society’s negative stereotyping. Being black doesn’t mean being inferior. I could do something positive with my life.

2 B

I can remember burning with shame.

3 C

She was a habitual truant.

4 C

Their response was to send her back home, for a much stricter education.

5 C

They moved away from a predominantly black area in North London. They now live in a racially mixed part of London.

6 C

Teacher discriminated against Jasmin’s brother by picking on him. Black children were called names by white children.

7 C

She was heartbroken when she noticed that she was ignored by all her white friends.

8 A

You must stand up to people who discriminate against you. if you can’t cope with your problems yourself, seek someone in authority, e.g. a teacher.

9 A

Kerry had a right to refuse being searched by the police. It often happended that blacks are harassed by the police, which is a form of discrimination.

10 B

You must challenge racism in a positive way. You must be aware of your own pride. Think of your ancient heritage. You must develop a strong personality, often with the aid of your parents.

1 They were sitting on the roof of the house.

2 He is a nobody. He is yesterday’s man.

3 The name of the pub is The Queen’s Head.

4 Walk to the top of the road and you’ll find a roundabout.

5 The title of the novel was The End of the Affair.

6 Finally it was James’ (James’s) turn.

7 Finally we got to the end of the lesson.

8 Have you ever read Gulliver’s Travels?

9 What is Today’s Special, waiter?

10 We had a wonderful three week holiday in the south of France.

1 It was a three hour drive.

2 She bought a box of aspirins at the chemist’s.

3 Have you seen yesterday’s paper?

4 Potatoes are cheap at Sainsbury’s this week.

5 I talked to the grocer yesterday. His wife is very ill.

6 You find the best recipes in women’s magazines.

7 I stayed at my uncle’s last week.

8 Are these shoes Dennis’ (Dennis’s) or yours?

9 It’s not far. It’s a mile’s walk.

10 These are ladies’ shoes, aren’t they?

11 Is this walkman Denise’s?

12 I heard the news from a friend of Jennifer’s.

13 I have to go back to the baker’s to buy two loaves of bread. I forgot.

14 Have they stolen (Did they steal) Bruce’s bike?

15 Is Annette a friend of your sister’s?

Reflection Units 5 & 6

1 sounds

2 According to

3 weather forecast

4 muggy; heatwave

5 objection

6 exercise

7 pulled down

8 exhausted (worn-out)

1 Aren’t you staying? Why have you changed your minds?

2 I used to be fond of shopping.

3 When we arrived (got there), hardly anybody was there (there was hardly anybody).

4 Fortunately, the cold doesn’t bother me at all.

5 I don’t feel like walking back to the town centre.

6 The nearest camping site is two miles away from here.

7 Take the second turning on the right and then go straight on till you get to a roundabout.

8 Can I get there by public transport?

1 I’m on my way to the grocer’s.

2 We’ll meet at my (boy)friend’s.

3 The spaceship was outside the earth’s atmosphere.

4 She’s at her wits’ end.

5 Is Jack a friend of hers?

6 Let’s take a moment’s rest.

7 This was another wrong decision of the management.

8 I saw you talking to the dentist. How is she?

9 It was a seven hour operation.

10 The crowd’s enthusiasm was great.

11 I’ve seen a wonderful children’s programme on television.

12 I’m leaving for France tomorrow for a three week holiday.

13 The party will be at my (girl)friend’s.

14 He couldn’t accept the team’s defeat.

15 I have this news (message) from the horse’s mouth.

1 at Sainsbury’s

2 month

3 the spider’s web

4 the teachers’ toilets

5 tomorrow’s exam

6 McDonald’s

7 The windscreen of my car

8 State of Alaska

9 yours

10 of my mother’s

1 a man’s heart

2 Black Wednesday’s shock

3 the film of Evita

4 the most elegant of columnists

5 A source of national pride

6 Lloyd Webber’s ‘hits’

7 the inane tunes of the musicals

8 In the light of all this misery