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C
Constructive Total Loss:
A right of a marine assured to claim a total loss on the policy because either
1. the property has been lost and recovery is unlikely
2. an actual total loss appears to be unavoidable;
3. to prevent an actual total loss it would be necessary to incur an expenditure which would exceed the saved value of the property.
To establish a claim for constructive total loss the assured must abandon what remains of the property to underwriters and give notice of his intention so to do.
Consul
A government official residing in a foreign country who represents the interests of her or his country and its nationals.
Consular Declaration
A formal statement describing goods to be shipped; filed with and approved by the consul of the country of destination prior to shipment.
Consular Invoice
A document, certified by a consular official, is required by some countries to describe a shipment. Used by Customs of the foreign country, to verify the value, quantity and nature of the cargo.
Consular Visa
An official signature or seal affixed to certain documents by the consul of the country of destination.
Consumer Price Index.
Abbreviation : CPI
Consumption Entry
Abbreviation : CE
The process of declaring the importation of foreign made goods for use in the United States.
Container
An item of equipment as defined by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) for transport purposes. It must be of:
1.a permanent character and accordingly strong enough to be suitable for repeated use.
2.specially designed to facilitate the carriage of goods, by one or more modes of transport without intermediate reloading.
3.fitted with devices permitting its ready handling, particularly from one mode of transport to another.
4.so designed as to be easy to fill and empty.
5.having an internal volume of 1 m3 or more.
The term container includes neither vehicles nor conventional packing.
Container Bolster
A container floor without sides or end walls which does not have the ISO corner fittings and is generally used for Ro/Ro operations.
Note: A bolster cannot be handled either full or empty by a container spreader without special gear.
Container Booking
Arrangements with a steamship line to transport containerized cargo.
Container Chassis
A vehicle specially built for the purpose of transporting a container so that, when container and chassis are assembled, the produced unit serves as a road trailer.
Container Check Digit
The 7th digit of the serial number of a container used to check whether prefix and serial number are correct.
Container Depot
Storage area for empty containers.
Container Freight Station
Abbreviation: CFS
A facility at which (export) LCL cargo is received from merchants for loading (stuffing) into containers or at which (import) LCL cargo is unloaded (stripped) from containers and delivered to merchants.
Container Lease
The contract by which the owner of containers (lessor) gives the use of containers to a lessee for a specified period of time and for fixed payments.
Container Load
A load sufficient in size to fill a container either by cubic measurement or by weight.
See FCL
Container Load Plan (CLP)
A list of items loaded in a specific container and where appropriate their sequence of loading.
Container Logistics
The controlling and positioning of containers and other equipment.
Container Manifest
The document specifying the contents of particular freight containers or other transport units, prepared by the party responsible for their loading into the container or unit.
Container Moves
The number of actions performed by one container crane during a certain period.
Container Number
Identification number of a container consisting of prefix and serial number and check digit. (e.g. KNLU 123456-7)
See also: Container Serial Number and Container Prefix
Container Owner
A party who has a container at his disposal and who is entitled to lease or sell the container.
Container Part Load:
Consignment which does not occupy the full capacity of a container nor equals the maximum payload and will, therefore, allow the inclusion of another or other part-loads.
See LCL
Container Platform
A container floor without sides or end walls, which can be loaded by spreader directly and is generally, used for Lo-Lo operations.
Container Pool
An agreement between parties that allows the efficient use and supply of containers. A common supply of containers available to the shipper as required.
Container Pool
A certain stock of containers which is jointly used by several container carriers and/or leasing companies.
Container Prefix
A four letter code that forms the first part of a container identification number indicating the owner of a container.
Container Safety Convention
Abbreviation: CSC
International convention for safe containers.
Container Serial Number
A seven digit serial number (6 plus 1 Check Digit) that forms the second part of a container identification number.
Container Service Charges
Charges to be paid by cargo interests as per tariff.
Container Ship
A ship constructed in such a way that she can easily stack containers near and on top of each other as well as on deck. A vessel designed to carry standard intermodal containers enabling efficient loading, unloading, and transport to and from the vessel. Oceangoing merchant ship designed to transport a unit load of standard-sized containers 8 feet square and 20 or 40 feet long. The hull is divided into cells that are easily accessible through large hatches, and more containers can be loaded on deck atop the closed hatches. Loading and unloading can proceed simultaneously using giant traveling cranes at special berths. Container ships usually carry in the range of 25,000 to 50,000 deadweight tons. Whereas a general-cargo ship may spend as much as 70 percent of its life in port loading and discharging cargo, a container ship can be turned around in 36 hours or less, spending as little as 20 percent of its time in port.
This ship type is the result of American design innovation. Specialized types of container ships are the LASH and SeaBee which carry floating containers (or "lighters,") and RoRo ships, which may carry containers on truck trailers.
Container Size Code
An indication of 2 digits of the nominal length and nominal height.
See also: Size/Type ISO6346
Container Size/Type
Description of the size and type of a freight container or similar unit load device as specified in ISO6346.
Container Stack
Two or more containers, one placed above the other, forming a vertical column.
See also: Stack
Container Sublease
Contract by which a carrier gives the use of containers to another carrier for a specified period of time and for fixed payments.
Container Tanks:
Specially constructed cylindrical container for the carriage of bulk liquids, powders or gases, being supported within a frame 8ft x 8ft lattice construction and in lengths 20, 30 and 40ft with corner castings and normally fitted with a bottom pick-up device.
Container Terminal
An area designated for the stowage of cargoes in container; usually accessible by truck, railroad and marine transportation. Here containers are picked up, dropped off, maintained and housed.
Container Type Code
Two digits, the first of which indicates the category and the second of which indicates certain physical characteristics or other attributes.
See also: Container Size/Type ISO6346
Container Yard
Abbreviation: CY
A facility at which FCL traffic and empty containers are received from or delivered to the Merchant by or on behalf of the Carrier.
Note: Often this yard is used to receive goods on behalf of the merchant and pack these in containers for FCL traffic.
Containerised
Indication that goods have been stowed in a container.
Containerizable Cargo
Cargo that will fit into a container and result in an economical shipment.
Containerization
Stowage of general or special cargoes in a container for transport in the various modes.
Continuation Clause:
A clause providing for the continuation of a hull policy beyond the natural expiry date.
Contraband
Goods forbidden by national law to be imported or exported.
Contract
An agreement enforceable by law between two or more parties stipulating their rights and obligations which are required by one or both parties to acts or forbearance by the other or both.
Contract Carrier
Any person not a common carrier who, under special and individual contracts or agreements, transports passengers or property for compensation.
Contract Logistics
The contracting out of all the warehousing, transport and distribution activities or a part thereof by manufacturing companies.
Contract of Affreightment
An agreement whereby the shipowner agrees to carry goods by water, or furnishes a vessel for the purpose of carrying goods by water, in return for a sum of money called freight. There are two forms the charter party and the contract contained in the Bill of Lading.
Contractual Port of Loading
A port at which an ocean vessel does not call, but which is equalised with the actual port of call and upon which inland haulage services and inland tariffs are based.
Note: Generally speaking it is seen as the port to be mentioned on the B/L from which cargo is accepted (e.g. delivered by the consignee for sea transport).
Contributory Value:
The value of property saved by a general salvage or salvage act on which the contribution by each interest to the loss is calculated.
Control
The registration and check on data and activities as well as determining supervising procedures and changes related to procedures.
Controlled Atmosphere
Sophisticated, computer controlled systems that manage the mixtures of gases within a container throughout an intermodal journey reducing decay.
Convention on International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea.
Abbreviation : COLREG
Conventional Cargo
See Break Bulk Cargo
Convertor Dolly
An auxiliary undercarriage assembly consisting of a chassis, fifth wheel and towbar used to convert a semi-trailer or a container chassis to a full trailer.
Conveyance
Transport of goods from one place to another.
Conveyor
A mechanical device in the form of a continuous belt for transporting cargo.
Core Competence
The combination of individual skills and use of technologies that underlay the various products and or services of a business.
Core Data
The fundamental set of data that is needed to convey the essential minimum detail for a specific transaction type. Ideally the detail should be all required pieces of information with no, or at least the very minimum of, options.
Core Master Data
The fundamental set of data that is needed to establish sufficient (but minimum) reference material to support the maximum use of pre-code, pre-agreed information enabling simple (minimum required content) transaction messaging.
Core Systems
Systems which are corporately owned and used globally. The systems are managed and controlled by a global team of specialists. The systems are considered as key for the general functioning of the entire company.
Corner Fittings
Fittings located at the corners of containers providing means of supporting, stacking, handling and securing the container.
Corner Posts
Vertical frame components fitted at the corners of the container, integral to the corner fittings and connecting the roof and floor structures. Containers are lifted and secured in a stack using the castings at the ends.
Correction Message
A substitution for what has been wrong in a prior data interchange between computers in accordance with interchange agreements.
Correspondent Bank
A bank that, in its own country, handles the business of a foreign bank.
Cost and Freight (...named port of destination)
Abbreviation: CFR
See Inco Terms
Cost and Insurance
Abbreviation : CI
A price that includes the cost of the goods, the marine insurance and all transportation charges except the ocean freight to the named point of destination.
Cost, Insurance and Freight (...named port of destination)
Abbreviation : CIF
Cost of goods, marine insurance and all transportation (freight) charges are paid to the foreign point of delivery by the seller.
Same as C&F or CFR except seller also provides insurance to named destination.
Cost, Insurance, Freight And Exchange.
Abbreviation : CIF&E
Cost, Insurance, Freight, Collection And Interest.
Abbreviation : CIFCI
Cost, Insurance, Freight, Interest and Exchange.
Abbreviation : CIF&E
Council of European and Japanese National Shipowner's Associations
Abbreviation: CENSA
The main objectives of this Organisation are to promote and protect sound Shipping policies in all sectors of shipping, to co-ordinate and present the views of its members and to exchange views with other shipowner groups.
Counter Guarantee:
An undertaking given by a cargo assured to an underwriter agreeing to reimburse the underwriter in the event that the issue of the underwriter's guarantee to pay a general average contribution results in payment in excess of the amount properly due under the policy.
Countervailing Duty
An additional duty imposed to offset export grants, bounties or subsidies paid to foreign suppliers in certain countries by the government of that country for the purpose of promoting export.
Country of Departure
Country from which a certain means of transport is scheduled to depart or has departed.
Country of Despatch
Country from which the goods are shipped.
Country of Origin
Country in which the goods have been produced or manufactured, according to criteria laid down for the purpose of application of the customs tariff, of quantitative restrictions, or of any other measure related to trade.
Country of Provenance
The country from which goods or cargo are sent to the importing country.
Crane
A machine designed for moving and lifting weight by means of a movable projecting arm or a horizontal beam, which is able to travel over a certain distance.
Crew List
List prepared by the master of a ship showing the full names, nationality, passport or discharge book number, rank and age of every officer and crew member engaged on board that ship. This serves as one of the essential ship's documents which is always requested to be presented and handed over to the customs and immigration authorities when they board the vessel on arrival.
Crew Member
Any person actually employed for duties on board during a voyage in the working or service of a ship and included in the crew list (IMO).
Critical Path Method
A network planning technique used for planning and controlling the activities in a project. By showing each of these activities and their associated times, the 'critical path' can be determined. The critical path is the series of successive activities which takes up most time and is therefore decisive for the total lead time of the project.
Cross Member
Transverse members fitted to the bottom side rails of a container, which support the floor.
Cross Trades
Foreign-to-foreign trade carried by ships from a nation other than the two trading nations.
Crude Oil Washing
A technique of cleaning tanks in oil tankers.
Cruise Ship
A ship on an international voyage carrying passengers participating in a group program and accommodated on board, for the purpose of making scheduled temporary tourist visits at one or more different ports, and which during the voyage does not normally: (a) embark or disembark any other passengers; (b) load or discharge any cargo.
Cube Out
When a container or vessel has reached its volumetric capacity before its permitted weight limit.
Currency
A medium of exchange of value, defined by reference to the geographical location of the authorities responsible for it (ISO4217). In general, the monetary unit involved in a transaction and represented by a name or a symbol.
Currency Adjustment Factor
Abbreviation: CAF
A charge levied by the 'Ocean Carrier' over and above the ocean freight rate to cater for fluctuations over a period of in actual currency exchange rates as compared to those exchange rates set by the conferences as applying to various sailings.
Customary Deductions:
New for old deductions made by an average adjuster from the cost of repairs for general average damage to a ship over 15 years old.
Customer
See Client
Customer Pick Up
Cargo picked up by a customer at a warehouse.
Customer Service
1). The way in which during a commercial relationship the wishes and demands of the (prospective) client are catered for.
2). Supporting activities at the customer interface adding value to a product (CEN273).
Customer Service Level
A performance measure of customer service.
Note: generally this is seen as the degree with which customer orders can be executed, in accordance with the terms which are generally accepted in the market.
Customs
The department of the Civil Service that deals with the levying of duties and taxes on imported goods from foreign countries and the control over the export and import of goods e.g. allowed quota prohibited goods.
Customs Bonded Warehouse
A warehouse authorized by Customs to receive duty-free merchandise.
Customs Broker
An authorised agent specialised in customs clearance procedures on account of importers/exporters.
Customs Clearance Agent
Customs broker or other agent of the consignee designated to perform customs clearance services for the consignee.
Customs Entry
All countries require that the importer make a declaration on incoming foreign goods. The importer then normally pays a duty on the imported merchandise. The importer's statement is compared against the carrier's vessel manifest to ensure that all foreign goods are properly declared.
Customs Invoice
Document required by the customs in an importing country in which an exporter states the invoice or other price (e.g. selling price, price of identical goods), and specifies costs for freight, insurance and packing etc., terms of delivery and payment, for the purpose of determining the customs value in the importing country of goods consigned to that country.
Customs of the Port
A phrase often included in charter parties and freight contracts referring to local rules and practices which may impact upon the costs borne by the various parties.
Customs Value
The worth of an item or group of items expressed in a monetary amount, within a consignment declared to Customs for duty and statistical reasons.
Cut-Off Time
The latest time cargo may be delivered to a terminal for loading to a scheduled train or ship.
Cwt.
Hundred weight (United States, 100 pounds: U.K.,112)
Cybernetics
The study of control processes in mechanical, biological, electrical and information systems.
Cycle Stock
That portion of stock available or planned to be available in a given period for normal demand, excluding excess stock and safety stock. |