It has been so many days since i have been trying to find the answer to some very basic questions: "What is Fee-will?", "Does it exist at all?" and if yes "how so?".  It was a few moments ago that i solved the mystery (or i think i did).

  

 Can Materialism explain Free-Will?

     Materialism is the branch of philosophy that assumes material as the primary entity and the thought as its product. Most of the observations and experiences point in favor of it which enables it to win at all grounds but one: it is unable to give a satisfactory answer to existence of 'freedom of thought' or 'free-will'. The founder of dialectic materialism  Carl Marx,  saw it as the property of a society and not of an individual. Even if suppose this argument as true, it still does not explain the question of "how?".

     The human brain as we know of it, is a neural network so its output must be completely dependent upon its (1) internal structure and (2) its inputs.  If this is true then is there a meaning of the word 'free-will'? Let us suppose that the 'algorithm' used by the human brain involves 'random' for functions like 'choice'. Then again, random is not something that gives the human any control and furthermore random too has a deterministic nature (Chaos Theory).

    

    Let us make some assumption based on which we shall try to define freed-will:

(1) The input and output of the mind/brain is in terms of true and false or right and wrong.

(2) We shall define 'Intelligence' as an algorithm or system that tries to identify the 'right' among

     the inputs its given. We shall call this algorithm as the Right Algorithm or Right System. The

     better this algorithm is defined, the higher is the intelligence-level of the mind or brain that

     possesses it.

Legends:

    R means right input or output.

    W means wrong input or output.

    A box represents 'Intelligence' as defined above.

    An integer inside the box represents the intelligence level numerically.

    

  The diagram above shows a memory-less system. The human brain is a memory-based system, so here is a primitive version of a memory-based system:

   The above diagram shows a system that remember its last output as one of its input. This could merely respresent the complex memory system of the human brain. A better approach would be

to think of it as the system that does not only remember its outputs but also its inputs. So when

such a system is given inputs, it tries to search inside its memory to see if these inputs were

encountered earlier. If this search is successful, the output is produced from the memory, not through re-calculation. The following diagram shows such a system:

In the above diagram, the intelligence is not just the Right Algorithm but also consists of the memory and the search algorithm.

         Based on these assumptions now we define freedom, free-thought or free-will of a mind as the intelligence level it posses. The greater the intelligence level of a mind, the more free it is from its inputs. This is what we can call 'Freedom' or 'Free-Will'. For example, the mind having an intelligence level of 5 in the first diagram enjoys a lot more freedom than the one having an intelligence level of 1 as he is able to make the 'right' decision even if he is given only one out of the six inputs right whereas the other one is unable to do the right decision until the majority of the inputs given to him are right.

         Another deduction that we can derive from this theory, is that freedom or free-will does not exist at the absolute scale and is a relative term. For example, if we give only wrong inputs to a mind having the highest intelligence level, could it still produce the right decision? the obvious answer to this question is no, it can not possibly do that. Unfortunatelly, on the other hand, 'Slavery' can and does exist at an absolute scale.