Statement to the Diplomatic Community in Addis Ababa
On The Crisis between Ethiopia and Eritrea
By Ato Seyoum Mesfin,
Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
November 11, 1998
Excellencies Ambassadors and other Heads of Mission, Distinguished Heads of Various
UN Agencies Here in Ethiopia,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
I am very much pleased to welcome you all to this meeting and I wish to
thank you for having responded to our invitation.
You recall the first meeting we had in May, immediately following the
Eritrean aggression against Ethiopia, at which time I had the opportunity
to brief you on the tragic crisis imposed on us by the state of Eritrea.
That briefing was made necessary, among other things, because the
suddenness of the crisis and the unexpected nature of the invasion and the
sharp deterioration in relation, between two countries that were least
expected to be at loggerheads, much less be at a war footing, was a source
of legitimate bewilderment to many. At that meeting in May I tried to
explain to you, as best I could, how we intended to resolve the crisis,
emphasizing two points----our commitment to the peaceful resolution of the
problem and also underlining the imperative need for the aggression to be
reversed and for the Eritrean forces to be withdrawn from occupied
Ethiopian territory before serious talks could commence between the two
parties on whatever disputes there might be between the two countries.
It is now almost six months since I had that opportunity to address you on
this tragic development in our sub-region for which the Eritrean
authorities assume full responsibility.
Today's meeting with you and the briefing that I wanted to give you became
necessary because of the very important event----an event which we all have
been awaiting for sometime----which took place in Ouagadougou over the last
weekend.
In a way the meeting that the OAU High-Level Delegation had separately
with our Prime Minister and the President of Eritrea, at which time the
proposal of the OAU for resolving the crisis between Ethiopia and Eritrea
was made available to the two sides, was the culmination and the final
result of a long and laborious process by the Organization of African Unity
which included a fact finding mission by an Ambassadorial Committee
earlier, and a meeting at a Ministerial level by the Committee in early
August.
Let me state from the outset how grateful we have been to the OAU Heads of
State and Government comprising the High-Level Delegation, the
Secretary-General of the OAU, Dr. Salim Ahmed Salim, and the Secretariat
of the Organization for the firm position that they have taken on matters
of principle and for the fairness and the sense of responsibility that they
brought to bear on this very complex task that was entrusted to them. If
their effort has not succeeded so far, there is little doubt about who is
to blame and this in itself is not a new story.
Now coming to the factual account of the events that transpired in
Ouagadougou, I would like for the benefit of Your Excellencies to highlight
the major points.
After having examined the proposal for "A Framework
Agreement For A Peaceful Settlement of the Dispute Between Eritrea and
Ethiopia" and having received satisfactory explanation for clarification it
sought on a few points in the proposal, the Ethiopian side informed the
High-Level OAU Delegation that it would have no problem accepting the
proposal tentatively or ad referendum, emphasizing that its definitive and
formal positive response along the same line would be forthcoming following
consultation in Addis Ababa within the leadership. I am pleased to
announce here today that our Prime Minister has now decided to communicate
to the Chairman of the High-Level Delegation Ethiopia's formal and
definitive acceptance of the OAU proposal for peace. On the other hand, as
it must have been clear to the whole international community by now, the
Eritrean response was the opposite. Eritrea has rejected the OAU proposal
for peace.
It is hardly possible for any one who has been following this crisis
closely over the past six months to have been surprised by the respective
behavior of the two sides. We are simply rediscovering the wheel again and
again. Ethiopia's position has been consistent, so has been Eritrea's.
For Ethiopia there have been two issues which have always been given
absolute priority and primacy as forming the basis for resolving this
crisis. The first has to do with its preference for the peaceful way of
resolving this crisis and not responding in kind in terms of force as long
as it is possible to regain Ethiopia's full sovereignty over its land
without recourse to war. The second principle has to do with Ethiopia's
absolute refusal to agree to proposals designed to appease the aggressor
and to reward aggression. We have been consistent in following these two
principles to a fault and we intend to continue along this path without fail.
The OAU proposal submitted to the two delegations in Ouagadougou has been
acceptable to Ethiopia because it does not aim to reward aggression and it
is in principle essentially based on the resolution adopted on 10th June
1998 by the 34th Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the
Organization of African Unity at Ouagadougou.
In this regard, the clarifications that was given to the Ethiopian
delegation by the OAU High-Level Delegation on the key points of the
proposal were the following:
1. That the armed forces that would be redeployed or withdrawn from Badme
and its environs are Eritrean troops;
2. That the reference to redeployment from Badme and its environs is meant
to be understood as the withdrawal of Eritrean troops from all occupied
Ethiopian territory and their return to position held before May 6, 1998.
3. The return of the Ethiopian Civilian Administration includes the
restoration of the Administration with its law enforcement organs minus
regular troops.
The rest of the elements of the proposal are also consistent with
Ethiopia's preparedness to contribute to a successful resolution of the
underlying disputes on the basis of the pertinent Colonial Treaties and
applicable international law.
The fact that Eritrea has rejected the OAU "Proposals For A Framework
Agreement", which in a characteristic way intended to confuse others, their
Foreign Ministry in a Press Release issued on 9th November, has referred to
as Talking Points, is also very consistent with the previous behavior of
the Eritrean authorities.
Eritrea had earlier rejected the U.S-Rwandan proposal; it had poured cold
water on the OAU summit resolution of 10th June, 1998 and had tried to
emasculate the Security Council Resolution 1177 of 26th June 1998 through
selective reading and by pretending that it was not requested to co-operate
with the OAU and to accept and implement the OAU resolution of 10th June,
1998.
I am not of course in a position to brief you in details on what the
Eritrean side might have told the High-Level OAU Delegation by way of
explaining its rejection of the OAU Proposal For a Framework Agreement.
But no doubt, and this has been made clear in a press conference given by
the Eritrean President upon arrival in Asmara, the reason for the Eritrean
rejection of this latest proposal is the same reason which was behind their
rejection of the U.S-Rwandan proposal. That has to do with the failure of
this new proposal by the OAU to bless the Eritrean aggression and to
appease and reward the aggressor. One could imagine the lack of civility
with which the Eritrean delegation might have behaved in the course of the
deliberation regarding which we, like the rest of the international
community, have started to get fragments of from the international media.
Of course now, on second thought, it appears that the Eritrean spin
doctors have started to spread confusion, as can be witnessed from the
press release issued by their Foreign Ministry and to which I referred
earlier, not only about the outcome of the Ouagadougou meeting, but even
about the nature of the very proposal submitted by the OAU and about why
the meeting did not produce the hoped-for results. The absolute
shamelessness of the Eritrean Government and how the Eritrean authorities
care very little about their credibility can be seen in this same press
release whose content amounts to an insult to the intelligence of its
intended readers. Unbelievable as it may seem, the Eritrean authorities
are now saying officially that there was no proposal by the OAU, and what
they were given in Ouagadougou was talking points which would be discussed
at a future OAU Summit.
In whose court the ball is now after this Ouagadougou meeting can not be
doubted for a moment.
But there is also another element with regard to what the stance of the
international community might be after this event which almost every body
has been awaiting with great anticipation for sometime.
Should it be necessary to refer to what Ethiopia was being asked to do
until this event and was being told about what this or that section of the
international community might do following a clear-cut decision and a
clear-cut proposal by the OAU? Now the OAU has spoken and it is very clear
in whose court the ball is in this regard as well.
In this respect, it is perhaps very appropriate to refer to the very
paradoxical events that have unfolded over the past six months with regard
to how some have been very eager to try to penalize the aggressed,
Ethiopia, without even raising a finger against the aggressor, Eritrea,
ostensibly with the aim of promoting and facilitating the peaceful
resolution of this crisis. The result of course unwittingly has been to
encourage the Eritrean authorities to persist, not only in their
intransigence, but also in their lack of civility towards all those who
have tried to make a difference for peace.
The refrain in the advice, mixed with threats, given to us has always been
of course to wait for this OAU decision, following which all would behave
in line with principles, in conformity with the need not to reward
aggression and appease those who have shown this unmistakable behavioral
pattern of violating international law.
What kind of support would the international community now give to the
Organization of African Unity with the view to strengthening its hand in
this exercise? Would the attempt of almost coddling the aggressor come to
an end and that all those prepared to contribute to peace-making in this
sub-region would tell the authorities in Asmara to reverse their
aggression? Would the pressure be now applied on those who deserve to be
put under pressure instead of on those who have stood for legality,
international law and civilized behavior? These are now questions which
the Ethiopian people are asking. Practical action on the basis of a
positive response to all these questions would no doubt be, not only in the
interest of the Ethiopian people, but also in the interest of the Eritrean
people who cannot be presumed to be pleased with what is being decided on
their behalf by a leadership which many, in their heart of hearts, believe
or suspect lacks either rationality or sanity.
We are, on the other hand, encouraged by some indications that have
emerged over the past few days with regard to steps that seem to have been
taken by some. I am referring here to the frank, honest and principled
talk that the Eritrean authorities have reportedly started to hear from
some countries. I can assure you that our whole region and its peoples
would always remain indebted to them and to all those who would follow
their examples. It is only frank and honest talk and action based on these
that will convince the Eritrean authorities that they are alone in their
belief and in their conviction that what the world has is the law of the
jungle.
I have now come to the end of my written statement and I would be pleased
to respond to questions that you may have.
I Thank you