The Chamber of Saturn

At the distant part of the covenant is a great set of double doors, twenty feet high, made of obsidian, polished to mirror fineness. Upon the doors, in large gold letters is the following:

Etherial father, mighty Titan, hear,
Great fire of Gods and men, whom all revere:
Endued with various council, pure and strong,
to whom perfection and decrease belong.
Consumed by thee all forms that hourly die,
By thee restored, their former place supply;
The world immense in everlasting chains,
Strong and ineffable thy power contains;
Father of vast eternity, divine,
O mighty Saturn, various speech is thine:
Blossom of earth and of starry skies,
Husband of Rhea, and Prometheus wise.
Obstetric Nature, venerable root,
From which the various forms of being shoot;
No parts peculiar can thy power enclose,
Diffused thro' all, from which the world arose.
O, best of beings, of a subtle mind,
Propitious hear to holy prayers inclined;
The sacred rites benevolent attend,
And grant a blameless life, a blessed end.

These doors are highly resistant to most magic. Investigations have determined that they are designed to bar magics from leaving the chamber they guard. While resistant to outside magics, they focus lies elsewhere. The doors will open to any magi who has successfully passed the fourth gauntlet.

The two plinths supporting the doors are two gigantic men, seemingly frozen as if holding up the ceiling. These statues are giant automata, charged with keeping things within the chamber. Hey will stop anyone who interferes with the magic of the doors or walls. They will also defend themselves. Other than size and strength, it is unknown what other powers they might hold. They were built by Cassius follower of Verditius, one of the original founders of the Gauntlet of the Four Quarters.

Within the Saturn Chamber is an enormous, circular chamber, 360 paces in diameter. The walls are a detailed mosaic. Each section is divided into the Zodiac, and all the night sky is imposed upon it: constellations, planets, decans, and many other items. Each is represented as a detailed iconographical figure. All heavily symbolic.

In the center of the chamber, there is a great image, whose size is immense, of terrible form. The image's head is of fine gold, his breast and his arms of silver, his belly and his thighs of bronze. His legs of iron, his feet part of iron and part of clay. The four metals stand for the four ages of man, and each of them except the gold (symbol of the Age of Innocence) is rent by a weeping crack from whence issue the rivers which carry the sins of mankind to the Nether World. They are Acheron, Styx and Phlegethon. These rivers pool around the statue, before disappearing into black caverns in the floor. In an island, surrounded by all three rivers (which never intermingle) is a black stelae, three faced. One each face is writing, the first in Greek:

Take two measures of sea salt and grind it with a handmill, repeating all the while the prayer that I give you, until the god appears. If you hear while praying the heavy tread of a man and the clanking of irons, this is the god that comes with his chains, carrying a sickle. Do not be afraid, for you are covered by the protection that I give you. Be wrapped in white linen such as the priests of Isis wear [here follow a number of magic rites]. The prayer to be said while grinding is as follows: I call upon thee, great and holy One, founder of the whole world we live in, who sufferest wrong at the hands of thy own son, thee whom Helios bound with iron chains, so that All should not come to confusion. Man-Woman, father of thunder and lightning, thou who rulest also those below the earth. [There follow more rites of protection, then the formula of dismissal]: Go, Lord of the World, First Father, return to your own place, so that the All remain well guarded. Be merciful, O Lord.

The second face is in an unknown language, it contains detailed directions to a lengthy ritual, seemingly Orphic in nature. Here are some excerpts:

The third face is written in an ancient and horrifying language. Magical attempts to decipher it have lead to madness for those involved.

Beyond the statue is an archway. Beyond this lies a destroyed laboratory.

When first discovered, the laboratory, which is filled with large and strange crystalline magical creations. It contained the following corpses:

The floor contains a stylized, and confusing, representation of the mountain. It also contains tiny representations of all the magi alive who have passed through the fourth gauntlet: Constantine, Cara Ayesha, Tiphys, Tobias, Stentor, and Alexios. A raven, twain in two, is taken to mean Corax. Two other unidentified representations, cloaked in shadow. The brief investigation undertaken so far has indicated that these artifacts are all associated with the art of Vim, and some of them do not even seem to be associated with a Hermetic art.

There are three passageways from this chamber. The first leads to a golden door, inscribed with the story of Ouranos' castration. The second opens up to a beautiful Byzantine Christian Church, patterned on the Hagia Sophia. It has a Divine aura, lower than average for a church, but still trong (+2). The third passageway ends two back iron gates, carved with the head of a fifty-headed dog.

A broken crystal plate has been found that has the following prayer on it, in Greek:

I sing of Cyllenian Hermes, the Slayer of Argus, lord of Cyllene and Arcadia rich in flocks, luck-bringing messenger of the deathless gods. He was born of Maia, the daughter of Atlas,when she had made with Zeus, -- a shy goddess she. Ever she avoided the throng of the blessed gods and lived in a shadowy cave, and there the Son of Kronos used to lie with the rich-tressed nymph at dead of night, while white-armed Hera lay bound in sweet sleep: and neither deathless god nor mortal man knew it.

And so hail to you, Son of Zeus and Maia; with you I have begun: now I will turn to another song!

Hail, Hermes, giver of grace, guide, and giver of good things!

A survey of the Mesopotamian traditions surrounding the ancient sun-god reveals one anomaly after another. Most baffling, perhaps, is the identification of Shamash with the planet Saturn, widely attested in Babylonian astronomical texts. In a recent study of astronomical conceptions in the ancient Near East, Koch-Westenholz summarized the several attempts to explain Saturn's identification as the ancient sun-god in these words:
"Parpola suggests that this identification may be due to an association of
Saturn's Akkadian name, derived from the root kun, with kittu, 'justice',
which is of course an attribute of Shamash. Another explanation offered by
Pingree is that the sun's hyposoma sets as Saturn's rises. However, the
earliest evidence for the hyposomata is from the seventh century B.C., and
the association of Saturn and the sun is certainly older and far more
entrenched in the tradition than warranted by such arcane speculations.
"

As Koch-Westenholz rightly notes, the identification of Shamash and Saturn appears to reflect a fundamental relationship between the ancient sun-god and the distant planet. Yet how are we to explain this curious situation? Why would the greatest astronomers of antiquity describe a distant speck of light as a sun?



The 13th Orphic Hymn to Kronos addresses the god as 'Father of the blessed gods as well as of man, you of changeful cans, . . . strong Titan who devours all and begets it anew [lt. 'You who consume all and increase it contrariwise to yourself'], you who hold the indescribable bond according to the apeirona (unlimited) order of Aien, Kronos, father of all, wily-minded Kronos, offspring of Gaia and starry Ouranos . . . vulnerable Prometheus.' The only conventional attribute is 'Son of Ouranos and Gaia.' Kronos is termed a Titan, because the word 'god' properly belongs to the Olympian generation, whereas Saturn's empire is not of this world.

Saturn's city is Eridu/Canopus, the very depth of the sea. That Ogyian Kronos is unmistakably the planet Kronos is not to be overlooked by anyone who reads Plutarch's report of the 'servants of Kronos' - who every thirty years, when Saturn is standing in Taurus - sail to Ogygia to remain there in service for thirty years, after which they are free to go; but most of them prefer to stay, because there, in Saturn's island, te Golden Age lasts on and on. The servants spend their whole time on mathematics, philosophy and the like, and there is no reason to worry about food, it is all conveniently at hand.

'Who holdest the unbreakable bond . . .' Assyrian Ninurta, too, holds 'the bond of heaven and earth.' A magical invocation addresses Kronos as 'founder of the world we live in.' Kronos is the one who gives the measures, continuously, because he is 'the originator of times' as Macrobius says, although the poor man mistakes him for the sun for this very reason. But Helios the Titan is not Apollo, quite explicitly.

Apart from this, apart also from Plutarch's report, according to which Kronos, sleeping in that golden cave in Ogygia, dreams what Zeus is planning, there is an Orphic fragment preserved in Proclos' commentary on Plato's Cratylus: 'The greatest Kronos is giving from above the principles of intelligibility to the Demiurge (Zeus), and he presides over the whole 'creation' [demiourgia]. That is why Zeus calls him 'Daemon' according to Orpheus saying: 'Set in motion our genus, excellent Daemon!' And Kronos seems to have with him the highest causes of junctions and separations . . . he has become the cause of continuation of begetting and propagation and the head of the whole genus of Titans from which originates the division of being [diairesis ten onten].'

The passage ends: 'Also Nyx prophecies to him [i.e., occasionally] but the father does so continuously [proseches], and he gives him all the measures of the whole creation.'

Macrobius also deals with the responsibility of Kronos for the 'division of beings' (Sat 1.8.6-7): 'They say, that Saturn cut off the private parts of his father Caelus [Ouranos], threw them into the sea, and out of them Venus was born who, after the foam [aphros] from which she was formed, accepted the name of Aphrodite. From this they conclude that, when there was chaos, no time existed, insofar as time is a fixed measure derived from the revolution of the sky. Time begins there; and of this is believed to have been born Kronos, who is Chronos, as was said before.'

Saturn, giver of the measures of the Cosmos, remains the star of Law and Justice in Babylon, also the 'Star of Nemesis' in Egypt, the Ruler of Necessity and Retribution, in brief, the Emperor.

Proclus, in his Commentaries on the Cratylus of Plato (Taylor, Myst. Hymns, pp. 172-178), tells us many things about Kronos. There are six kings, or rulers holding the scepter of the Gods, viz.,Phanes, Night, Heaven, Saturn, Jupiter and Bacchus. In this series there is an orderly succession as far as Heaven, and from Saturn to Bacchus; 'but Saturn alone perfectly deprives Heaven of the kingdom, and concedes dominion to Jupiter, cutting and being cut off, as the fable says'. And,therefore, Saturn is said to have taken the kingdom by violence .

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Last modified: Thurs Nov 19, 1998 / Jeremiah Genest