1) c is pronounced soft (as in 'cherry') when followed by e and i

2) ç indicates a soft c before a, o, u

3) cj indicates a pre-palatal sound which is intermediate between the soft tch sound in 'cherry' and the hard k sound in 'key'

4) g is always hard, as in the English word 'girl'

5) gj indicates a sound intermediate between the soft g sound in 'gem' and the hard g sound in 'girl'

6) z can be pronounced as a soft g sound, as in the word 'gem' (zenoli 'knee'); or as a ts sound, like in the German word 'nazion'; or as the z in the German word 'zone'

7) s may indicate the voiceless s (like in 'rose'), or the voiced s ('sun', 'star')

There are no double consonants in Friulian, except for the double s which is used to indicate a voiceless s in intervocalic position.

1) Friulian has preserved a distinction between short and long vowels; a circunflex accent (^) indicates a long vowel