Sudan-Eritrea border still tense despite agreement
By Alfred Taban, Reuters; Jun 12, 1999
KASSALA, Sudan, June 12 (Reuters) -
Tension remains high on the border between Sudan and Eritrea despite a reconciliation agreement signed by their presidents last month, according to local officials.
Kassala, on the frontier with Eritrea, has borne the brunt of recent fighting between Sudanese government troops and rebels and the local governor said an accord signed last month had done nothing to improve the security situation.
The agreement was intended to improve bilateral relations between the two countries, which were cut off in 1994 as each government accused the other of supporting its opponents.
``Immediately after the agreement was signed, Eritrean government troops and the rebel SPLA (Sudan People's Liberation Army) started to attack some of our army border units,'' Governor Ibrahim Mahmoud Hamid told Reuters. Hamid said the attacks had been launched on an almost daily basis.
``On the third and fourth of this month, rebels supported by Eritrean troops launched a big attack on the areas of Togan and Tadai, but we were able to defeat this big army,'' Hamid said.
He said that although the situation was under control, the war had had a very negative impact on Kassala, a dusty state of about 1.2 million people and few resources, where illiteracy and disease are widespread.
The government, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and some better-off citizens have been helping about 55,000 people displaced by the fighting, who have gathered in three camps in the northern and southern parts of Kassala.
The World Food Programme (WFP) is providing food to about 28,000 at Wad Sherifie, about 15 km (nine miles) from Kassala.
Glenda Jackson, the WFP representative in Kassala, said she was worried about the situation because of the looming rainy season. ``These people currently live in houses made of straw and leaves and these kinds of buildings would not stand any slight rains and we are very worried,'' Jackson told Reuters.
Sanitation was also a concern. ``There are not enough pit latrines and if it rains, I am afraid we could be faced with a major health problem,'' she said.
Landmines sown in the region were also a hazard for villagers and farmers, who travel to the town daily to sell their produce.
A doctor at Kassala Teaching Hospital said 154 landmine victims had been treated in the past five months. About a dozen people had died as a result of their wounds and many had lost limbs or eyes.
Hamid blamed the SPLA and their National Democratic Alliance (NDA) allies for the mines.
Kassala has also been hosting refugees fleeing fighting between Eritrean and Ethiopian forces. The governor said 300 Eritreans and 60 Ethiopians had arrived in the past few months, in addition to about 35,000 Eritrean refugees already in Kassala.
The state has just two factories, an onion processing plant in Kassala town and a sugar mill at New Halfa, both of which are seasonal and at least two of its five constituent provinces cannot support themselves.
The international organisation Plan Sudan is trying to help Kassala battle illiteracy and endemic diseases and is spending some 600 million Sudanese pounds ($240,000) every month to build and renovate schools, hospitals and roads.
Among the most common diseases in Kassala are tuberculosis and anaemia, caused mainly by malnutrition and poor socio-economic conditions in the villages.
Kenyan Refugees in Ethiopia to Return Home
Xinhua; Jun 12, 1999
NAIROBI (June 12) XINHUA -
About 4,000 Kenyan ethnic Somalis who are refugees in Ethiopia will be repatriated home beginning next month.
Kenya's North Eastern Provincial Commissioner Maurice Makhanu said here Friday that Kenya and Ethiopia had achieved a mutual understanding to bring the refugees home in July and August, the state-run Kenya Times newspaper reported
Saturday.
The ethnic Somalis fled Kenya to Ethiopia in the period between 1993 and 1994 because of tribal violence between ethnic Degodia and Ajjuran Somalis in North Eastern and Eastern provinces and parts of Coast province.
Makhanu led a Kenyan delegation of security and administrative officials to Ethiopia to discuss border security between the two countries from June 7 to 9.
Meanwhile, Kenya and Ethiopia also agreed to open five border crossing points on their international frontier to facilitate free trade between the two nations.