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| Abduction Abscess Absolute angular position Accessory motion Accident Achilles tendon Acidosis Actin Active range of motion Activities of daily living (ADLs) Acute injury Ad libitum Adduction Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Adhesive Capsulitis Adipose cell Afferent nerves Agonist muscles Allergen Allograft Ambient Ambulation Amoeboid action (Amenorrheic) Amenorrhea Ampere Analgesia Analgesic Anaphylaxis Anatomical analysis Anatomical position Androgen Anemia Anesthesia Angular acceleration Angular displacement Angular impulse Angular inertia Angular momentum Angular motion Angular position Angular speed Angular velocity Anisocoria Anisotropic Ankylosis Annulus fibrosus Anorexia Anorexia nervosa Anoxia Antagonist muscles Antagonistic Antalgic gait Antalgic Anterior Anterior cruciate ligament Anteroposterior Anteroposterior axis Anteversion Antipyretic Anxiety Anpea AP axis Apophysis Apophysitis Appendicular skeleton Applied biomechanics research Arrhythmia Arrhythmical movement Arthralgia Arthrogram Arthokinematics Arthoscopic examination Articular capsule Articular cartilage Assumption of risk Asymmetry (body) Asymptomatic Atherosclerosis Atrophy Atenuation Aura Autogenic inhibition Autograft Automatism Autonomic nervous system Avascular Avascular necrosis Average acceleration Average angular velocity Average speed Average velocity Avulsion Axial load Axial skeleton Axilla Axonotmesis |
| Movement of a body part away from the midline of the bodyLateral movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. In the feet, the movement is in reference to the midline of the footStarting from anatomical position, the joint action that occurs around an anteroposterior (AP) axis through a joint and causes limb movements in a frontal plane through the largest range of motion; the opposite of adduction; movement of the scapula away from the midline of the body A localized collection of pus caused by a bacterial invasion Orientation of a line relative to another line or plane that is fixed relative to the earth; expressed in degrees or radians Motion that accompanies active movement and is necessary for normal motion but can not be voluntarily isolated Occurring by chance or without intention The large tendon on the posterior side of the distal leg; attaches the triceps surae (soleus and Gastrocnemius) to the calcaneus An increase in the blood’s acid balance (lowering of pH) caused by the accumulation of acids or the loss of blood bases A contractile muscle protein Joint motion that occurs because of muscle contraction The skills and motions required for the day-to-day activities of life An injury with sudden onset and short duration Amount desired Medial movement of a body part toward the midline of the body. In the feet, the movement is in reference to the midline of the foot.The joint action that occurs around an AP axis through a joint and causes limb movement in a frontal plane back toward anatomical position; the opposite of abduction; when referring to shoulder girdle movement, the movement of the scapula toward the midline of the body An energy-yielding enzyme used during muscular contractions Inflammation of a joint capsule that restricts its range of motion Stores triglyceride Nerves that transport messages toward the brain Muscles directly engaged in contraction as related to muscles that relax at the same time Role of a muscle whose torque aids the action referred to; prime mover; opposite in meaning to antagonist A substance that, when contacting the body’s tissues, results in a state of sensitivity The tissues used to replace the ligament obtained from a cadaver Environmental (e.g. temperature or air that invests one’s immediate environment) Pertaining to the local environment Move to or walk from place to place Cellular action like that of an amoeba, using protoplasmic pseudopod Absence or suppression of menstruation Volume or amount of electrical energy Pain inhibition Agent that relieves pain without causing a complete loss of sensation Increased susceptibility or sensitivity to a foreign protein or toxin as the result of previous exposure to it An examination of movement to determine joint actions and active muscles The position that the body assumes when standing upright with the feet and palms facing anteriorly The position assumed by the body when it is standing erect, facing forward, both feet aligned parallel to each other, toes forward, arms and hands hanging straight below the shoulders at the sides, finger extended, and palm facing forward Any substance that aids the development and controls the appearance of male characteristics Lack of iron Partial or complete loss of sensation Rate of change of angular velocity; measured in units of angular displacement divided by time squared or expressed as radians per second per second, degrees per second per second, or revolutions per second per second; a vector quantity Change in absolute angular position experienced by a rotating line with the direction of the change indicated; the angle between a line segment in its initial position and in its final position with the direction of rotation noted; measured as units of angular position or expressed as radians, degrees, or revolutions Average torque times the duration of application of the torque; causes and thus is equal to change in angular momentum; measured in units of torque times units of time or expressed as Newton-meter-seconds in SI; a vector quantity Property of an object to resist changes in its angular motion; also referred to as rotary inertia Moment of inertia times angular velocity; measured in units of mass times units of velocity or expressed as kilogram-meters squared per second in SI; a vector quantity Change in position that occurs when all points on a body or object move in circular paths about the same fixed axis; also referred to as rotary motion or rotation Orientation of a line relative to some other line or plane; expressed in degrees or radians Rate of change of orientation with no regard for direction or changes in direction of rotation; measured in units of angular position divided by units of time or expressed as radians per second; a scalar quantity Rate of change of angular displacement with direction of rotation indicated; measured in units of angular displacement divided by units of time or expressed as radians per second, degrees per second, or revolutions per second; a vector quantity Unequal pupil sizes; possibly a benign congenital condition or secondary to brain trauma Material properties are dependent on the direction; that is, an anisotropic material may have greater yield strength and a stiffer elastic modulus when pulled in one direction compared to another Immobility of a joint The fibrous cartilage that forms the outer ring of an intervertebral disk Lack or loss of appetite; aversion to food Eating disorder characterized by a distorted body imageA form of disordered eating characterized by the lack of appetite (or refusal to eat), depression, malaise, and distorted body image most commonly affecting young women between the ages of 12 and 21 years Lack of oxygenThe absence of oxygen in the blood or tissues Muscles that counter act the action of the agonist musclesRole of a muscle whose torque opposes the action referred to or the muscle referred to; opposite in meaning to agonist In the opposite direction of movement (e.g., the antagonistic motion of extension is flexion) A limp or unnatural walking pattern caused by pain, trauma, or dysfunction of the lower extremity Having a pain-relieving quality; analgesic Before or in front ofToward the front of the body; ventral One of two internal ligaments of the knee joint; attaches anteriorly on the tibia and Posteriorly on the medial surface of the lateral condyle of the femur Refers to the position of front to back Any one of the imaginary lines running from anterior to posterior and perpendicular to the frontal planes; abbreviated as AP axis; sagittal-transverse axis Tipping forward of a part as a whole, without bendingA forward bending or angulation of a bone or organ Agent that relieves or reduces fever A feeling of uncertainty or apprehension The temporary cessation of breathing See anteroposterior axis Bony outgrowth to which muscles attach Inflammation of an apophysis That part of the skeleton composed of the bones of the appendages, including the bones of the shoulder girdle (scapula and clavicle) and the bones of the pelvic girdle (ilium, ischium, and pubis) with the exception of the sacrum Study directed toward answering specific, practical, useful questions Loss of the normal heart rhythm; an irregular heart rate Irregular movement Painful joints Radiopaque material injected into a joint to facilitate the taking of an X ray Physiological and accessory movements of the jointAction and reaction of articular surfaces as a joint travels through its range of motion Viewing the inside of a joint through an arthoscope; which uses a small camera lens Sleeve of Ligamentous connective tissue surrounding a Synovial joint and attached to the bones on either side of the joint; also referred to as joint capsule Hyaline cartilage covering the articular surfaces of bones in a Synovial joint An individual, through express or implied agreements, assumes that some risk or danger will be involved in a particular undertaking a person takes his or her own chances Lack of symmetry of sides of the body Without symptoms The buildup of fatty tissues on the inner arterial walls Wasting away of tissue or of an organ; diminution of the size of a body partWasting or decrease in the size of a muscle or tissue Decrease in intensity as ultrasound enters deeper into tissues Precepileptic phenomenon, involving visual sensation of fire or glow, along with other possible sensory hallucinations and dreamlike states The relaxation of the antagonist muscle during contractions The tissues used to replace the ligament harvested from the patient’s body (e.g., bone-patellar tendon-bone, hamstring tendon) Automatic behavior before consciousness or full awareness has been achieved after a brain concussion Part of the nervous system involved with unconscious sensations and actions; also referred to as involuntary nervous system Devoid of blood circulation Death of tissue caused by the lack of blood supplyDeath of cells secondary to lack of an adequate blood supply Change in velocity divided by the time it took for the change to occur; expressed as units of length per unit of time squared or as units of length per unit of time squared or as meters per second per second in SI; a vector quantity Angular displacement divided by the time it took for that angular displacement to occur with direction of rotation indicated; measured in units of time or expressed as radians per second, degrees per second, or revolutions per second, a vector quantity Distance traveled divided by the time it took to travel that distance; expressed as units of length per unit of time or as meters per second in SI; a scalar quantity Displacement divided by the time it took for the displacement to occur; expressed as units of length per unit of time or as meters per second in SI; a vector quantity Forcible tearing away of a part or a structure A force applied through the long axis of a bone or series of bones That part of the skeleton composed of the bones of the vertebral column, ribs, and skull Armpit Damage to the nerve tissue but without actually severing it |
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