England in the 13th Century

The beginning of the 13th century in England was marked with the reign of King John whose following dynasty from Henry III to Edward III would be known as the Plantagenets kings of England. This century also marks the end of Welsh independence under the ruthless king Edward I, and the beginnings of Scottish chaos when Alexander III left his throne with no heir. Such rebellious heros as Lywellyn ap Gruffydd, William Wallace, and Robert Bruce lived through this tumultuous age of English military expansion.

THE KINGS OF ENGLAND

m.

Eleanor of Aquitaine 1122-1204

KING HENRY II 1133-1189 r. 1154-1189

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! ! ! ! RICHARD I 1157-1199 r. 1189-1199

! Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany 1158-1186

! KING JOHN 1166-1216 r. 1199-1216

m.

m.

Constance of Brittany 1162?-1201

(1st) Isabella of Gloucester (div.)

(2nd) Isabella of Angouleme 1186-1246

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! Eleanor of Brittany 1185-1241

! Arthur, Duke of Brittany 1187-1203

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! Joanna (illeg.) 1191-1237

! Richard, Earl of Cornwall 1209-1272

! Isabella 1214-1242?

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m.

m.

m.

Frecerick II, Holy Roman Emperor 1194-1250

Llywelyn the Great, Prince of Gwynedd 1173-1240

Isabella Marshall d. 1240

! Eleanor 1215-1275

! Joan 1210-1238

m.

William Marshall 2nd, Earl of Pembroke 1190-1231

! KING HENRY III 1207-1272 r. 1216-1272

(1st)

Eleanor of Provence 1222-1291

m.

m.

Alexander II, King of Scots 1208-1265

Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester 1208-1265

(2nd)

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! Edmund, Earl of Lancaster 1245-1296

! Margaret 1240-1275

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m.

Alexander III King of Scotland 1241-1286

! Beatrice 1242-1275

Eleanor 1249-1282 m.

KING EDWARD I 1239-1307 r. 1272-1307

m.

Llywelyn ap Gruffydd Prince of Wales 1220-1283

John de Dreux D. of Brittany

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12th Century Kings