Large Yellow Lady Slipper
Cypripedium calceolus pubescens
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Yellow Lady's Slipper Orchid is an uncommon plant that I have only found in a few places.  Habitats include mesic to dry deciduous woodlands, sandy woodlands and savannas, thinly wooded bluffs along rivers, and shady areas of bogs.  Although any time I have found it, it was in association with limestone or rich limey soils.

The size of local populations can increase in response to fallen trees or occasional wildfires, as this reduces excessive shade from woody vegetation.

I wish I knew more about the life cycle of this orchid, but information seems to be  hard to come by.