A web site on AMD Athlon 64 Information by Shirsha

A web site on AMD64 Information :

If you want to buy a computer now, go for at least a AMD Athlon64 3500+ Socket AM2 based Processor on a VIA Chipset , NVIDIA Chipset, ATI Chipset chipset based Motherboard - Socket AM2 based. It is currently the fastest option available. Athlon64 is far better than Pentium-IV !!! It can simultaneously run 64 bit and 32 bit software. A very 64 bit optimized version of Windows XP Professional is avialable now , along with 64-bit optimized Linux form SuSE ! AMD recently released Dual Core Athlon 64 X2 processor. If you can afford one, definitely buy it ( my favourite model is Athlon 64 X2 4200+ ).

Athlon64 ( AM2 Socket - single core ) Features

CPU Name : AMD Athlon64 3500+ , AM2 Socket.

Physical Features : 1.4 Volt(Max), 67 Watt(Max) 786 Million transistors, 84 Sq mm core size, Socket AM2, Organic C4 die.

Fabrication Process : 90 nm ( 0.09 micron ), With SOI, Dual Stress Line, Low K Dielectrics(Black Diamond), Copper Interconnect, Strained Silicon with buried metal oxide.

Instruction Set Support : x86-32 (i686), x86-64, MMX+ , 3D-Now+ , SSE, SSE2, SSE3 .

Internal Architecture : Core Speed 2.2 GHz , ALU - 9500 MIPS, FPU/iSSE2 - 3300/3800 MFLOPS.

Decoding Engine : Three Simultaneous x86 decoding units

Three address generation units(AGU)

Three integer units (ALU): These units are able to achieve most operations in one cycle, in both 32 and 64 bits : addition, rotation, shift, logical operations (and, or). The integer multiplication has a 3 cycles latency in 32 bits, and a 5 cycles latency in 64 bits.

Three floating point units (FPU) that handle x87, MMX, 3DNow!, SSE, SSE2, and SSE3. The integer pipeline is now 12 steps long and, the floating point one is 17 steps long

Superscalar and Super-pipelined micro architecture, Fully Pipelined independent FPU. Feed Forwarding. Register renaming and aliasing on 40 registers.

Hardware data pre-fetch, Enhanced TLB, improved branch prediction. Local APIC on-chip Out-Of-Order Execution.

16 number of 64 bit general purpose registers, 16 number of 128 bit XMM register, 48 bit virtual address space - 40 bit physical address space - up to 4.5 Terabytes of Memory.

L1 Code Cache : 64KB , 2 way set associative, Write Back , Cache line size 64 bytes, Parity-Protected With advanced branch prediction>

L1 Data Cache : 64KB , 2 way set associative, Write Back , Cache line size 64 bytes, ECC-Protected , - Two 64-bit operations per cycle, 3-cycle latency

L2 Cache : 512KB, 16 way set associative, Write Back , Cache line size 64 bytes, Bus Width 128 bit, exclusive relationship with L1. It also includes an hardware prefetch logic, that allows to get data from memory to the L2 cache during the memory bus idle time

An integrated memory controller : The memory controller speed is the same than the CPU speed. Memory requests are consequently sent at the CPU speed, on a 128 bit wide bus up to 10.6 GB/sec memory bandwidth . Supports DDR2 RAM at 667 MHz and 800 MHz.

Pacifica Virtualization Technology : Helps to run several OS simultaneously in a computer

The HyperTransport technology : HyperTransport is a scalable link protocol between CPU and peripherals, and between CPUs themselves in a multi processors system. It allows low latency exchanges, that makes it very relevant for CPUs communications. It uses a 16 bits wide bus at 1000 MHz, and a double data rate system with full duplex operation , that allows it to reach a 12.8 GB/Sec peak bandwidth.

The Cool'n'Quiet feature : It reduces or increases the CPU clock and core voltage according to the CPU load. This allows to reduce the PC consumption, the fan speed (and noise), the temperatures, and improve the CPU lifespan. The states switch is so fast that the performance decrease is insignificant.

Machine Check Architecture : Includes hardware scrubbing of major ECC-protected arrays Enhanced on-chip Virus Protection with disable bit ( in conjugation with Windows XP 64 bit Professional ),

AMD64 is a new computing platform that extends the ubiquitous x86 architecture to accommodate 64-bit processing. Formerly known as x86-64, AMD's enhancements to the x86 architecture allow users of laptops, desktops, workstations, and servers operating within a 32-bit architecture to migrate seamlessly to the superior performance of 64-bit technology. This approach defines a new class of computing by combining full x86 compatibility, a high-performance 64-bit architecture, and the economics of an industry-standard processor. This new class of computing allows the technology industry to build solutions focused on customer needs while removing barriers to future innovation. The AMD Opteron and AMD Athlon 64 processors are AMD's first milestones in building this new class of computing. Companies such as Microsoft, SuSE, IBM, NVIDIA, VIA, GIGABYTE, MSI, SIS, ASUS and others have announced their intention to provide solutions for these processors and the AMD64 platform. Investments in x86 applications are preserved, as they can run out their normal lifecycles on AMD64 platforms. Over time, more capable applications can be phased in, allowing customers to control development costs and migrate gradually and according to business needs.

AMD's 64-bit strategy allows the latest in processor innovation to be brought to the existing installed base of 32-bit applications and operating systems, while establishing an installed base of systems that are 64-bit capable. The K8 micro architecture provides a flexible upgrade path by implementing support for x86-64 architecture while still offering native support for 32-bit x86 software. This is accomplished in a straightforward manner because the K8 micro architecture already utilizes key data and address paths that are 64 bits wide and will incorporate a 48-bit virtual address space and a 40-bit physical address space. The support of x86-64 architecture is designed to have minimal impact on the K8 die size and no impact on processor frequency scaling. Future improvements to the processor core will accelerate both 32-bit and 64-bit applications. High-performance systems using 64-bit capable processors from AMD are planned to be amongst the highest performing 32-bit systems ever built.

The K8 micro architecture incorporates a dual-channel DDR DRAM controller with a 128-bit interface capable of supporting up to eight DDR DIMMs (four per channel) . The controller will be initially designed to support PC1600, PC2100, and PC2700 DDR memory using un-buffered or registered DIMMs. This translates into available bandwidth to the processor of potentially up to 5.3GB/s with PC2700 memory. This direct interface can significantly reduce the memory latency seen by the processor and latency will continue to drop as the processor frequency scales. Furthermore, this can allow for even more aggressive bandwidth utilization by hardware and software pre-fetching to further reduce the effective memory latency seen by the processor. Meeting AMD Eighth-Generation Goals, the AMD K8 processor architecture has accomplished three overall design goals 1) Establish the x86-64 instruction set architecture. 2) Set the precedent for eighth-generation 32-bit x86 performance. 3) Build a scalable system architecture that meets the needs of multiple processor generations by integrating the memory controller into the processor micro architecture and enabling a highly scalable system bus via HyperTransport technology. The result is a single, highly scalable architecture that provides next-generation performance across industry segments by having a flexible upgrade path from 32- to 64-bit x86 architecture. It is designed to deliver superior performance on today's and tomorrow's applications. The evolution of microprocessor architectures has played a fundamental role in increasing the capabilities and usefulness of computers.

AMD64 processors are designed to maintain full compatibility with x86 while providing the architectural enhancements that provide world-class 64-bit performance. With the AMD64 ISA, all relevant instructions and encodings have evolved to support 64-bits, increasing the resources available to the hardware and software. Major enhancements over legacy x86 include: 1) Sixteen 64-bit general-purpose registers that quadruple the general-purpose register space available to applications as compared to x86 systems. 2) Sixteen 128-bit XMM registers for enhanced multimedia performance to double the register space of any current SSE/SSE2/SSE3 implementation. 3) A full 64-bit virtual address space with 52 bits of physical memory that powers systems with up to 4.5 terabytes of physical memory - more than two million times the amount of RAM in today's memory-constrained 4GB x86 servers. 4) 64-bit operating systems to provide full, transparent, and simultaneous x86 and AMD64 platform application multitasking. 5) Quantispeed architecture with a Superscalar and Super pipelined core, which can execute 9 instruction simultaneously.

Now, let us go into deeper. The Motherboard is the most important part of the computer system. Like a mother takes care of her child, the motherboard feeds and nurtures the components attached to it. Please click hete to see all AMD Socket 939 based Motherboards avilable today ! To my opinion Asus Motherboards and MSI Motherboards are best - Please always buy a AMD Socket 939 based solution. These are NVIDIA nForce4 SLI ( NVIDIA GeForce 6150 + nForce 430 ), ( NVIDIA nForce4 Ultra NVIDIA nForce4 ) VIA K8T890 VIA K8T800ProGo for VIA K8T890 based Motherboard Like A8V-E Deluxe from Asus

Leading Performance & Demanding Entertainment

- AMD Socket 939 Athlon 64FX/Athlon 64

- Precision Tweaker

- PEG Link & AI NOS Support

- PCI Express Architecture

- WiFi-g onboard

Best choice for all new leading performance and demanding entertainment powered by ASUS

The A8V-E Deluxe is designed as one all new AMD 64-bit platform for leading performance and demanding entertainment / multimedia applications with VIA K8T890 chipset. Being one insightful new technology pioneer, A8V-E Deluxe has been one best choice for new video and gaming innovation experience by PCI express x 16 graphics with 64 bit leading computing. More than that It also supports AMD 939 64-bit K8 CPU. And most impressively A8V-E Deluxe brings you to new mother board era with ASUS proactive feartures, AI N.O.S. , Precision Tweaker, Wifi-g on board & AI NET2.

64bit CPU support

64-bit computing, the next generation technology to replace current 32-bit architecture, delivers advanced system performance, faster memory access and increased productivity. This motherboard provides excellent compatibility and flexibility by supporting either 64-bit or 32-bit architecture.

Supports AMD Socket 939 Athlon 64FX/Athlon 64

This motherboard supports AMD 939-pin Athlon 64 FX/ Athlon 64 processors with 1MB/512KB L2 cache which is based on 64-bit architecture. It features 2000 MT/s HyperTransport Bus, dual-channel un-buffered DDR400 memory support and AMD Cool 'n' Quiet! Technology.

AMD Cool 'n' Quiet! Technology

Supports AMD Cool 'n' Quiet! Technology, which monitors system operation and automatically adjusts CPU voltage and frequency for a cool and quiet environment.

PCI Express Architecture

PCI Express is the latest I/O interconnect technology that will replace the existing PCI. With a bus bandwidth 4 times higher than that of AGP 8X interface, PCI Express x16 bus performs much better than AGP 8X in applications such as 3D gaming. PCI Express x1 also outperforms PCI interface with its exceptional high bandwidth up to 500MB/s. The high speed PCI Express interface creates new usages on desktop PCs e.g., Gigabit LAN, 1394b, and high-speed RAID systems.

WiFi-g onboard

Wireless setup made affordable and easy! WEP SSID. Building a home WLAN used to be a hassle with confusing acronyms and cryptic menus. With WiFi-g and its one-touch setup wizard, high-speed wireless network is just a few clicks away. WiFi-g serves as the access point of your network or if you already have an access point, it is also a wireless adapter for PCs to access existing WLAN. (WiFi-g compliant to IEEE 802.11g 54 Mbps data transfer)

AI NOS - Boost performance when you need it the most! Applications such as 3D games and video editing demand a huge chunk of system resource. Inject "nitrous oxide" into your CPU! The patented AI NOS (Non-delay Overclocking System) technology intelligently detects system load and automatically boosts performance for the most demanding tasks. Unlike other dynamic overclocking techniques, AI NOS?reacts much faster to satisfy your unending need for speeds .

PEG (PCI Express Graphics) Link Mode - A unique feature that enables users to boost graphics card performance for superior video quality

Precision Tweaker Precision Tweaker is designed for serious overclockers. It offers ways to raise system performance inch-by-inch and step-by-step to achieve maximum performance! This is about getting the most out of your machine, and taking pride in your customized computer. Precision Tweaker provides overclocking options for all major parts of the system: CPU, Memory, PCI-Express, and Front Side Bus.

AI NET2 - Diagnose LAN connection before entering OS! Network problems are often caused by bad cable connection. AI NET2 remotely detects cable connection the second you turn on the system, and any faulty connections are reported back up to 100 meters at 1 meter accuracy.

SATA RAID The VIA K8T890 chipset incorporated two Serial ATA connectors with RAID 0(striping), RAID 1(mirroring), and JBOD(spanning) functions.

IEEE 1394 IEEE 1394 interface provides high speed digital interface for audio / video appliances such as digital television, digital video camcorders, storage peripherals & other PC portable devices.

AI AUDIO (8-channel digital audio) - A8V-E Deluxe supports eight channels of audio output. AI Audio automatically detects and identifies what types of peripherals are plugged into the audio I/O jacks and notifies users of inappropriate connection. There are also three Universal Audio Jack (UAJ)

Max. 8 USB 2.0 ports supports - USB 2.0 is the latest connectivity standard for next generation components and peripherals. Backwards compatible with current USB 1.1 peripherals, USB 2.0 delivers transfer speeds up to 40 times faster at 480Mb/s, for easy connectivity and ultra-fast data transfers.

AI Overclocking - A unique option in BIOS that enables quick overclocking up to 30% (depends on CPU and RAM). It automatically detects and optimizes every relevant parameter to provide both performance and stability.

The BIOS in AI Series also keeps all the special design.

ASUS Q - Fan2 - ASUS Q-Fan2 technology intelligently adjusts both CPU fan and chassis fan speeds according to system loading to ensure quiet, cool and efficient operation.

ASUS CrashFree BIOS2 - The CrashFree BIOS2 feature now includes the BIOS auto-recovery function in a support CD. Users can reboot their system through the support CD when a bootable disk is not available, and go through the simple BIOS auto-recovery process. ASUS motherboards now enable users to enjoy this protection feature without the need to pay for an optional ROM.

C.P.R.(CPU Parameter Recall) - When the system hangs due to overclocking failure, there is no need to open the case to clear CMOS data. Just simply restart the system, the BIOS would show the previous setting and then users can amend the CPU setting again.

Coaxial/Optical S/PDIF out ports on back I/O - This motherboard provides convenient connectivity to external home theater audio systems via an optical or coaxial S/PDIF-out (SONY-PHILIPS Digital Interface) jack. It allows to transfer digital audio without converting to analog format and keeps the best.

Instant music - Through this unigure feature, ASUS motherboard are conveniently designed to allow users to enjoy their favorite music, without the need to enter Windows.

ASUS MyLogo2 - You can convert your favorite photo into a 256-color boot logo for a more colorful and vivid image on your screen.

Multi-language BIOS - ASUS provides friendly localized BIOS setup menu to help you configure your system as easy as possible.

ASUS EZ Flash - With ASUS EZ Flash, you can update BIOS directly from the BIOS setup menu. No more DOS-based flash utility and bootable diskette required.

Last but not least ! Buy at least 512MB dual channel DDR RAM (PC3200) 400MHz ( 1 GB is strongly recommended ), 160GB 7200 rpm hard drive with 8MB buffer ( 200 GB or more is recommended ), and Top line Graphics card from NVidia ( 256MB NVIDIA 6800 GT PCI-E graphics ) or ATI ( 256MB ATI Radeon X800 PCI-E graphics ) ATI All-In-Wonder cards will make your pc a complete multimedia machine ( TV/PVR, Cinematic Game Play, Video Editing on your PC, Total Multimedia Experience ) , and a 17" DVI TFT monitor ( Viewsonic VP171-2 ). Please make sure you are also getting 7.1 channel surround sound capability, 10/100 auto Lan(Ethernet) on-board, a good 7.1 speakers system, wireless keyboard and mouse(optical), a 16X DVD-Drive and Multi-Format Dual-Layer 16X DVD-Writer, 7-in-1 card reader, and a good quality UPS. You should be running Windows XP professional 64 bit version or SuSE Linux 64 bit version. You can view the latest axis desktop range ( AMD )from my favourite vendor Evesham at UK.

Blank Form with all requirements. Filled Up Form with all parts names. Build Your Own PC From Ground Up !!. Price of AMD configuration at Indian Rupee(At Calcutta). Visit ASUS Technologies. Visit Intel Corporation now. Go to AMD Chip Makers now. Go to VIA now. Linux Hardware Compatibility lists. A great site on latest hardware and more.. Visit Creative's Web site.. Visit makers of Kobian and Mercury Products.. Buy LG Products online.. Samsung range of Products.. Logitech range of Products.. Go to the Giant of all !!! Microsoft i.e., !.. A great site on step by step building you PC.... NVIDIA's web site.. ATI's web site. Makers of Radeon. Hardware-Hell's web site.. GEEK's web site, lots of info on latest hardware. SiS's web site, info on their chipsets. AnandTech's web site lots of info on latest hardware. ASUS's web site, lots of info on their Motherboards. Nehru Place IT Hub, an Indian Hardware site, info of Hardware Prices at Delhi.

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