THE ENFOLDING UNIVERSE

and THE UNIFIED THEORY

LAUREATE WILSON OGG

SYNCHRONOUS FOLDS GIVING RISE

TO CONSCIOUSNESS AND MATTER

The Two-Way Flow

Laureate Wilson Ogg

Biographical Data

An Unifying Approach to Consciousness and Matter

PULSARS AND THE NEUTRON STAR

In General

There is no field in astronomy based upon such a complete misunderstanding of the evidence of scientific experiments, which in turn has led to false assumptions, as that of physical phenomena of extremely high density. There has been many separate theories for white dwarfs, for so-called neuron stars, for pulsars, for x-ray emitters, for quasars, and for the dense cores of various galaxies. These compact objects all have features in common, regardless of size and whether these compact objects are particles or stars. This discussion will be limited to so-called neutron stars and to pulsars. The general belief, based upon little evidence and many interrelated presumptions, is that all of these compact objects are based upon an explosion process.

Age Reversal

Although the evidence is more consistent with neutron stars being young and not old stars, it is believed that a neutron star has furnished burning its nuclear fuel and has undergone a supernova explosion. It is assumed that the explosion blows off the outer layers of a star into a supernova remant. The central region of the star collapses under gravity and the protons and electrons form neutrons, leading to the name "Neutron Star." However, cool stars that emerge from the protostar stage are necessarily young, and hot, massive stars that have reached an equilibrium state are necessarily old. Thus, the assumption that neutron stars are old stars, or are second generation stars, would seem to be unfounded. Star formtion would not seem to be a catastrophic process but a result of natural building process that is slow and gradual. The age reversal by astronomers supporting the neutron star assumption appears inconsistent with the astronomical evidence.

Pulsars as Rotating Neutron Stars

Pulsars were discovered in late 1967 by Jocelyn Bell Burnell, then a graduate student. These neutron stars act as radio sources that blink on or off at a constant frequency. The brightest ones have been observed at amost every wavelength of light. Pulsars as spinning neutron stars have jets of particles moving at almost the speed of light from their magnetic poles. These jets produce what are treated as very powerful beams of light. For reasons similar to the fact that "true north" and "magnetic north" are different on Earth, what are treated as the magnetic and rotational axes of a pulsar are also misaligned. The beams of light from the jets sweep around as the pulsar rotates, similar to the spotlight in a lighthouse. As would an ocean ship that sees only regular flashes of light from a lighthouse, we see pulsars turn on and off as the beam sweeps over the Earth. These neutron stars are designated as "pulsars," or sometimes as "spin-powered pulsars," since their source of energy is the rotation of the neutron star.

The Bases for Non-blinking Neutron Stars

The light of a neutrom stars is not transmitted by the star and does not travel through space and time. Its light is a force and not radiant energy. When the Earth`s electro-magnetic field is in a given relationship with the electro-magnetic field generated by the neutron star, it is Earth itself that generates the light that we treat as cominmg from the neutron star. It does not but is generated by the Earth`s own electro-magnetic field. We treat one aspect of co-existing phenomena as causal of another aspect but scientists are confused as to the bases of the causal relationship. The observation of light we treat as coming from the neutron star is not caused by our receipt of radiant energy from the star but is caused by the Earth`s own electro-magnetic field when it is in a given relationship with the that field of the neutron star.

The Bases for Blinking Pulsars

Our observation of the neutron star arises from patterns of centripetal and centrifugal forces that result from the rotating neutron stars that spin together. The neutron star becomes manifested as matter after the development of its component parts that spin in unison together. In the process of development of spinning neutron stars, a developmental stage is attained in which one neutron star achieves the capability of manifesting light before the other component part. Thus, in their rotation together there would be the apparent turning on and off of blinking light from the neutron star when the light from one component part is hidden by the other component part. This phemenonon is what is termed pulsar. Thus, pulsars are observed during the process of a neutron star`s becoming manifested in time and space and in its engaging in motion.

Pulsars as Arising from the Enfolding of Force with Form

The Neutron Star as the enfolding of force with form is not matter and does not exist in time and space and does not engage in motion. It becomes matter only as a result of the developmental process of the interrelationships between rotating neutron stars that, in turn, gives rise to the full development of motion and time and space. It is unfortunate that many scientists refer to interrelated centripetal and centrifugal forces as if they in and by themselves constitute matter. For a discission of how the hydrogen molecule constitutes the first manifestation of motion as distinguished from force, please click here.

Presumed Attributes of Neutron Stars

Based upon improper extrapolations from the evidence, many astronomers believe that neutron stars are about 20 kmn in diamenter with masses about 1.4 times that of our Sun. This assumption would make a neutron star so dense that on Earth one teaspoonful would allegedly weigh a billion tons! Because of its extrapolated small size and extrapolated high density, a neutron star would possess a surface gravitational field about 2 x 1011 times that of Earth. Such a star would also have a magnetic field a million times stronger than the strongest magnetic field produced on Earth. These extrapolations have no bases in the astronomical evidence and lead to absurb conclusions.

Bases for Improper Extrapolations

Much confusion in explanations of so-called compact objects results from failure to understand the differences between force and motion. Force does not take place in time or space and the enfolding of form with force is independent of time, space, and motion. Extrapolations of distance and time based upon the enfolding of force and form are necessarily based upon the presupposition that the enfolding takes place in time and space. But, this presupposition is inconsistent with the nature of the enfolding universe. The enfolding of force and form is misconstrued as the so-called neutron star, with the presupposition that it engages in motion and exists in time and space and necessarily has rotation. These stars cannot be explained under the Cartesian reference system and should be explained under the synchronous reference system. Treated as matter, neutron stars would be much closer to Earth than the distance that is generally extrapolated and would be clearly much younger in age. Incorrect assumptions as to extrapolated distance and extrapolated age have led to absurb conclusions. In any event, such stars do not emit light as radiant energy, with light observed on Earth being established by Earth itself.

The Nature of the Neutron Star

The convoluted explanations of the neutron star with absurd attributes ignore the inherent beauty and simplicity of the underlying phenomena. The neutron star and the pulsar arise from the interrelations among centripetal and centrifugal forces that give rise to consciousness and matter. Their so-called compact state is a result of their recent emergence into time and space as the expression of force and form. The enfolding universe under the unified theory both anticipates and explains the phenomuna of pulsars and the neutron star.