PERIODIC AIR GAP ELECTRIC GENERATOR
SUMMARY
The present invention achieves the above objectives by providing a rotating magnetic field with a frequency many times greater than the rotational frequency of its mechanical rotor because there is no relative mechanical movement between magnets and the electrical conductors.  The invention includes a plurality of stationary units arrayed around a flywheel, or rotor, mounted on a rotating shaft energized by the prime mover.  Each unit contains a magnet with a north pole and a south pole and a conducting coil.  To reduce unnecessary magnetic flux, the magnets are oriented such that the north pole of one magnet is next to the north pole of one adjacent magnet and the south pole of the magnet is adjacent to the south pole of the other adjacent magnet (alternating orientation). The flywheel made of a non-ferromagnetic material with imbedded ferromagnetic material .  In the primary embodiment of the invention, U-shaped magnets tapered to a sharp edge at the poles are used and the ferromagnetic material is in the form of bars imbedded in the periphery of the flywheel.  The primary determinant of the character of the electricity produced are: (1) the relationship between the number of magnets and the number of ferromagnetic sections; and (2) the positioning of the magnets.
There is an air gap between the poles of magnets and the ferromagnetic sections.  The width of the air gap depends on the angle of rotation of the flywheel relative to the stationary magnets.  Each time, a ferromagnetic bar passes the poles of a magnet in the primary embodiment, the air gap passes from a maximum to a minimum and back to a maximum to produce one half of an electric cycle.  When the air gap is decreasing, magnetic flux increases in the circuit of the magnet and when the air gap is increasing, the magnetic flux decreases.  Hence for every two ferromagnetic bars that pass the poles of a magnet, one complete cycle of the magnetic flux results, which induces one complete cycle of electro motive force (EMF) in the conductor coils wound about the magnets.  For a DC generator, the EMF cycle (two pulses) frequency is:
Frequency = number of bars in the flywheel x rotational frequency of the  flywheel/2
For an AC generator, the EMF frequency is:
Frequency = number of bars in the flywheel x rotational frequency of the flywheel
A generator with one magnet or with a number of the magnets the same or an integer multiple of the number of ferromagnetic sections and with the ferromagnetic sections passing the poles of the magnet(s) at same time can produce pulsing DC electricity as the flywheel rotates. A generator with multiple magnets which are less or more than the number of the ferromagnetic sections, but not integer multiples, can produce steady DC electricity if all conduction coils are connected in series and can produce high frequency ripple DC electricity if all conduction coils are connected in parallel through multiple diodes. The above results can be achieved if all magnets are arrayed equidistant around the flywheel with same orientation (of magnet poles) and direction of winding of conduction coils or alternating orientation and alternating direction of winding of conduction coils.
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