NOTE: Latin terms like Australopithecus afarensis should be italicized. Jane Goodall National Geographic films Chimp behavior at Gombe stream In Tanzania, Africa near "Lake Tanganyika" Tool- an extension of the hand or foot grooming nesting at night in trees chimps are stronger than a human weapons - rocks, clubs termiting leaves are used to clean and to sponge up water displays intimidation problem solving the young observe the mothers travel in groups kill baboons share food Lecture vocabulary social network social group social structure social dynamics social organization anthropomorphization alliance dominance politics polygynu polyandry sociobiology socioecology Primate Social Organization Principal determinants type of mating system residence group composition foraging group coherence where adults live Secondary determinants body weight sexual dimorphism group size territory size population characteristics nocturnal diurnal anthropomorphization natal group sexual dimorphism alliance dominance hierarchy philopatry politics polygany polyandry estrus sociobiology langur monkey infanticide socioecology sympatry Some characteristics of primate society and reproduction peaks in the frequency of mating, typically estrus Basic social unit = female and infant interaction with males is highly varied Tendency toward prolonged maturation Shifts in human socio-reproductive patterns capacity for continuous receptivity mating in females and males Incorporation of male into family unit in an economic sense Altricial birthy. Long absolute period of infant dependency Approaches to studying evolution 1)Phylogeny - family tree 2)Functional anatomy - skeletal 3)Paleoecology - food climate constraints Some aspects of hominid ecological history diet - what hominids ate foraraging - how food was obtained processing locomotion foraging costs e.g. predation Lecture vocabulary fossil- any remains or traces of animals or plants that testify to the structure or behavior of organisms of an earlier time. fossilization taphonomy - the sciebce that describes the processes by which organic remains become fossils, and applies this knowledge to fossil assemblages Taung baby breccia Rift Valley Australopithecus afarensis Ardipithecus ramidus foramen magnum Australopithecus anamensis hominID vs. homiNOID Donald Johanson Ethiopia Afar, Hadar Aramis Laetoli Lake Turkana Kanapoi Allia Bay Olduvai Gorge South Africa Taung Sterkfontein Swartkrans Australopithecus africanus Raymond Dart karstic osteodontokeratic culture australopithecine paranthropine robust vs. gracile Louis Leakey Mary Leakey Richard Leakey Maeve Leakey Ardipithecus ramidus Australopithecus anamensis Australopithecus afarensis Australopithecus africanus Paranthropus robustus Paranthropus boisei If you feel like this.Don't give up!
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