April 15
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April is:
Today is:
1452: Italian painter and inventor Leonardo da Vinci
1469: Nanak, 1st guru of the Sikhs
1646: Christian V, King of Denmark and Norway
1707: Mathematician Leonhard Euler
1843: Author Henry James
1889: Painter Thomas Hart Benton
1890: Jacques Ibert was born. Ibert's tuneful music, French with Spanish
accents, is contemporary with Ravel and "Les Six," and is still performed in
Europe and Latin America.
1922: Actor Michael Ansara
1933: Country singer Roy Clark
1933: Actress Elizabeth Montgomery
1936: Bluesman Frank Frost
1937: Country singer Bob Luman
1939: Actress Claudia Cardinale
1942: Actress Julie Sommars
1944: Rock singer-guitarist Dave Edmunds (Rockpile)
1948: TV producer Linda Bloodworth-Thomason
1950: Actress Amy Wright
1950: Actor Michael Tucci
1951: Newspaper columnist Heloise Cruse Evans (Hints from Heloise)
1952: Rock singer Phil Mogg (UFO)
1957: Olympic gold medal track athlete Evelyn Ashford
1959: Actress-screenwriter Emma Thompson (some sources list April 14)
1966: Singer Samantha Fox
1966: Rock musician Graeme Clark (Wet Wet Wet)
1968: Rock musician Ed O'Brien (Radiohead)
1970: Actor Flex
0074: Suicide of the Defenders of Masada. (Evidence today
indicates that a mass suicide may not have actually occured).
0911: Death of Pope Sergius III
1053: Death of Godwine, Earl of the West Saxons of England
1205: Capture of Baldwin I of Rumainia by the Bulgarians
at Adrianople
1257: Aybak, Sultan of Egypt, murdered by order of his
wife
1285: A Ghost dances at the wedding of Alexander III, King
of Scots, and Joleteta, daughter of the Count de Dreux, at Jedburgh
1446: Filippo Brunelleschi, Italian architect, dies at
about 69
1532: The Submission of the Clergy is made to Henry VIII
1651: Thomas Hobbes dedicates "Leviathan" to
Francis Godolphin
1770: English chemist Joseph Priestley coined the term
``eraser'' when he found that a small cube of latex could be used to rub out pencil marks.
1755: Dr. Samuel Johnson, the English poet, journalist and
lexicographer, had his famous dictionary published.
1817: The first American school for the deaf opened in
Hartford, Connecticut.
1850: The city of San Francisco was incorporated.
1861: Three days after the attack on Fort Sumter,
President Lincoln declared a state of insurrection and called out Union troops.
1861: President Lincoln sent Congress a message
recognizing a state of war with the Southern states and calling for 75,000 volunteer
soldiers.
1865: President Lincoln died, several hours after he was
shot at Ford's Theater in Washington by John Wilkes Booth (7:22 a.m.). Andrew Johnson
became the nation's 17th president.
1892: General Electric Co., formed by the merger of the
Edison Electric Light Co. and other firms, was incorporated in New York state.
1912: The British luxury liner "Titanic" sank at
2:20 AM in the North Atlantic off Newfoundland, less than three hours after striking an
iceberg.
1915: Manuel de Falla's "El Amor Brujo," from
which we get the famous showpiece "Ritual Fire Dance," was premiered in Madrid.
1923: Insulin becomes generally available for diabetics.
1923: Dr. Lee DeForest's Phonofilm, the first
sound-on-sound film motion picture was demonstrated for a by-invitation-only audience at
the Rivoli Theatre in New York City. The guest saw "The Gavotte."
1934: Dagwood and Blondie Bumstead welcomed a baby boy,
Alexander, to the comic strip "Blondie." The child would be nicknamed "Baby
Dumpling."
1945: President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who had died April
12, was buried at the Roosevelt family home in Hyde Park, New York.
1945: During World War Two, British and Canadian troops
liberated the Nazi concentration camp Bergen-Belsen. The troops discovered 28,000 women,
12,000 men and another 13,000 unburied bodies.
1947: Jackie Robinson, modern baseball's first black major
league player, made his official debut with the Brooklyn Dodgers on opening day.
1948: "Musique Concrete". Pierre Schaeffer, a
radio technician in Paris, generally gets the credit for mixing sound effects and other
natural recordings to make music of a sort.
1955: Ray Kroc opened the first McDonald's in Des Plaines,
Illinois. Kroc began his career selling milkshake machines. On his first day of business,
sales of 15-cent hamburgers and 10-cent french fries totaled $366.12.
1956: The world's first, all-color, TV station was
dedicated in Chicago, Illinois. It was named WNBQ-TV and is now WMAQ-TV.
1956: General Motors announced that the first, free
piston, automobile had been developed.
1959: Cuban leader Fidel Castro arrived in Washington to
begin a goodwill tour of the United States.
1971: Actor George C. Scott won Best Actor at the Academy
Awards but refused the Oscar for his role in "Patton." He had said previously
that "It is degrading to have actors in competition with each other."
1980: Existentialist philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre died in
Paris at age 74.
1983: Roy L. Williams agreed to resign as president of the
Teamsters union as part of a bargain with federal prosecutors. (Williams was succeeded by
Jackie Presser.)
1984: Six Ku Klux Klansmen and three Nazi Party members
were acquitted of civil rights violations in the killings of five Communist Workers Party
members in Greensboro, North Carolina, in 1979.
1985: South Africa said it would repeal laws prohibiting
sex and marriage between whites and non-whites.
1985: U.S. officials in Seattle indicted 23 members of a
Neo-Nazi group, the "Order," for robbery and murder.
1986: The United States launched an air raid against Libya
in response to the bombing of a discotheque in Berlin on April fifth; Libya says 37
people, mostly civilians, were killed.
1986: French dramatist Jean Genet died in Paris at age 75.
1987: A jury in Northampton, Massachusetts, found Amy
Carter, Abbie Hoffman and 13 other protesters innocent of charges stemming from a
demonstration against CIA recruiters at the University of Massachusetts.
1988: Former White House spokesman Larry Speakes resigned
from Merrill Lynch and Co. less than a week after disclosing that he had, on two
occasions, fabricated quotations attributed to President Reagan.
1989: Students in Beijing launched a series of
pro-democracy protests after former Communist Party leader Hu Yaobang died; the protests
culminated in the Tiananmen Square massacre.
1989: Ninety-five people died in a crush of soccer fans at
Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield, England.
1990: Actress Greta Garbo died in New York at age 84.
1991: Turkey began moving thousands if Iraqi Kurds from a
border settlement to camps farther inside Turkey, in a major policy shift of President
Turgut Ozal's government. Refugees were previously kept in the mountains.
1992: Russia's deeply divided Congress of People's
Deputies formally endorsed President Boris Yeltsin's economic reforms.
1992: Countries barred Libyan jets from their airspace and
ordered diplomats to go home because of Libya's refusal to turn over suspects in the
bombing of Pan Am Flight 103.
1992: Hotel magnate Leona Helmsley began serving a prison
sentence for tax evasion (she was released from prison after 18 months).
1993: The Group of Seven nations unveiled a $28.4 billion
aid package for Russia after an emergency meeting in Tokyo.
1994: Ministers from 109 countries signed a 26,000-page
world trade agreement known as the "Uruguay Round" accords in Marrakesh,
Morocco.
1995: In his weekly radio address, President Clinton asked
Congress to protect a short list of key legislation, saying he was giving the highest
priority to welfare reform, targeted tax cuts and a crime bill preserving assult weapons
ban.
1996: President Clinton began a weeklong, round-the-world
trip, heading for a three-day visit to Japan after a brief stopover in Cheju, South Korea.
1996: Funeral services were held in Pescadero, California,
for Jessica Dubroff, the seven-year-old girl who died trying to become the youngest person
to fly across America.
1996: South Africa's "truth commission," looking
into abuses during the apartheid era, began its public hearings.
1996: Japan and the U.S. announced the closure of six more
U.S. military facilities on the southern Japanese island of Okinawa, reducing the amount
of land occupied by American forces there by a fifth.
1997: The Justice Department inspector general reported
that FBI crime lab agents produced flawed scientific work or inaccurate testimony in major
cases such as the Oklahoma City bombing.
1997: In Saudi Arabia, fire destroyed a tent city outside
Mecca, killing at least 343 Muslim pilgrims.
1997: Jackie Robinson's number 42 was retired 50 years
after he became the first black player in major league baseball.
1998: Pol Pot, the notorious leader of the Khmer Rouge,
died at age 73, evading prosecution for the deaths of two million Cambodians.
1999: A gunman opened fire at the Mormon Family History
Library in Salt Lake City, killing two people and wounding four others before being shot
to death by police.
2000: Cal Ripken of the Baltimore Orioles became the 24th player to reach three-thousand hits when he lined a clean single to center off Twins reliever Hector Carrasco. (The Orioles won the game, 6-to-4.)
2000: The world's leading financial officials, meeting in Washington, pledged cooperation to promote global prosperity. Meanwhile, anti-globalization protesters swarmed through the heart of the nation's capital.
2001: Two years following its restoration, a
30-meter stretch of the ancient Aurelian wall ringing Rome collapses into a
pile of brick fragments dating to the 3rd century. The collapse was
suspected due to heavy rains.
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