April 25
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April is:
Today is:
1214: St. Louis XI, King of France
1284: Edward II, King of England and first of that ilk to be named
Prince of Wales
1533: William the Silent, Prince of the Spanish Netherlands
1599: Oliver Cromwell, lord protector of England
1874: Radio pioneer Guglielmo Marconi was born in Bologna, Italy. He
invented the wireless telegraph in 1895.
1906: Former Supreme Court Justice William Brennan.
1908: Broadcast journalist Edward R. Murrow in Pole Creek, North
Carolina. In the 1950's, he was the first newsman to challenge the "witch
hunting" tactics of Senator Joseph McCarthy.
She was born in Newport News, Virginia. Fitzgerald won 12 Grammy Awards.
1928: Jazz musician Rick Henderson
1928: Country musician Vassar Clements
1930: Movie director-writer Paul Mazursky
1932: Former Harlem Globetrotter Meadowlark Lemon
1933: Songwriter Jerry Leiber
1933: Author Anthony Lukas
1940: Actor Al Pacino
1945: Rock musician Stu Cook (Creedence Clearwater Revival)
1945: Singer Bjorn Ulvaeus (ABBA)
1946: Actress Talia Shire
1947: Actor Jeffrey DeMunn
1949: Rock musician Michael Brown (Lookofsky) of "The Left
Bank"
1954: Country singer-songwriter Rob Crosby
1956: Former basketball player Dave Corzine
1964: Actor Hank Azaria ("The Simpsons;" "Mad About
You")
1964: Rock singer Andy Bell (Erasure)
1965: Rock musician Eric Avery (Jane's Addiction)
1969: Actress Renee Zellweger
1975: Actress Emily Bergl
0799: Kidnapping of Pope Leo III
0912 :City of Venice founded
1058: Coronation of Malcolm III as King of Scotland
1142: Death of St. William of Monte Vergine
1324: An entry in the Jornal de la Chambre of King Edward
II shows pence a day paid to one "Robyn Hod" for service to the King
1342: Death of Pope Benedict XII
1357: Edward III, King of England, pardons Cecilia of
Nottingham for murder
1382: Nicholas Flamel is said to have made gold thru
Alchemical means
1449: The Rump of the Council of Basle recognizes Nicholas
V as Pope; Felix V, the anti-Pope, abdicates
1482: Death of Margaret of Anjou, wife of King Henry VI of
England
1507: Martin Waldeseemueller names America in honor of
Amergo Vespucci
1523 :Henry VIII, King of England, forbids private
ownership of firearms by any person with an income of less than 100 pounds per year. The
ban is cheerfully ignored
1566: Death of Louise Labe, the "Belle
Cordiere," and poet, who served in the Royal Army of France as a cavalryman under the
name "Loys"
1591: Moroccans take Timbuktu
1595: Death of Torquato Tasso, poet
1607: Dutch defeat Spanish fleet at Gibraltar Bay
1644: Suicide of the Ming Chongzhen Emperor
1684: Patent granted for the thimble
1792: Highwayman Nicolas Jacques Pelletier became the
first person under French law to be executed by the guillotine.
1792: "La Marseillaise," composed the night
before by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle, was sung for the first time, in Strasbourg,
France.
1831: The New York and Harlem Railway was incorporated in
New York City.
1850: Paul Julius Reuter, founder of the news agency that
bears his name, used 40 pigeons to carry stock market prices between Brussels and Athens.
1859: Ground was broken for the Suez Canal. This canal
links the Mediterranean to the Red Sea. Egyptian workers started construction under harsh
working conditions described as 'slave labor.' The project was not completed until 1867.
1865: Franz Liszt took the four minor orders of the Roman
Catholic Church, a preliminary step toward becoming a priest. Liszt never took it any
farther. But sensing the dramatic impact of his tenuous church connection, he wore a
cassock for the remaining 21 years of his life.
1898: Congress formally declared war on Spain in the
battle over Cuba. As a result of the Spanish-American War, America took its first step in
becoming a world power. America was given Puerto Rico and Guam as a result of the war.
1898: William S. Porter entered the Ohio Penitentiary
after being convicted of embezzlement. While in prison, he began writing short stories
under the pseudonym "O. Henry."
1901: New York became the first state to require
automobile license plates. The fee was $1.
1906: The American composer John Knowles Paine died.
1915: During World War One, Allied soldiers invaded the
Gallipoli Peninsula in an unsuccessful attempt to take the Ottoman Turkish Empire out of
the war.
1928: "Buddy," the first seeing eye dog, was
presented to Morris S. Frank.
1931: The great Belgian violinist Eugene Ysaye once
composed an opera in Belgium's Walloon language. It was called "Peter the
Miner," and it premiered in Brussels. Ysaye was supposed to conduct, but he collapsed
at the first rehearsal and was still sick on opening night.
1945: Delegates of 46 countries gathered in San Francisco
to organize a permanent United Nations.
1945: During World War Two, US and Soviet forces linked up
on the Elbe River, a meeting that dramatized the collapse of Nazi Germany's defenses.
1954: The prototype manufacture of a new solar battery was
announced by the Bell Laboratories in New York City.
1959: The St. Lawrence Seaway opened to traffic, saving
shippers millions of dollars. By going from the sea to the Great Lakes across upstate New
York, folks no longer had to ships the long, costly way around.
1967: Colorado Governor John Love signed the first law
legalizing abortions in the United States. The law was limited to therapeutic abortion
when agreed to, unanimously, by a panel of three physicians.
1971: 200,000 anti-Vietnam War protesters marched on
Washington, D.C.
1980: A U.S. commando mission to rescue 53 American
embassy hostages in Iran was abandoned in the desert with the loss of eight American lives
when a helicopter collided with a tanker aircraft.
1982: Israel turned over the final third of the occupied
Sinai peninsula to Egypt under the Camp David peace agreement.
1983: Soviet leader Yuri V. Andropov invited Samantha
Smith to visit his country after receiving a letter in which the Manchester, Maine,
schoolgirl expressed fears about nuclear war.
1983: The Pioneer Ten spacecraft crossed Pluto's orbit,
speeding on its endless voyage through the Milky Way.
1984: David Anthony Kennedy, the 28-year-old son of the
late Sen. Robert F. Kennedy, was found dead in a hotel room in Palm Beach, Florida.
1985: 257 members of the U.S. House of Representatives
sent a letter to President Reagan, urging him to cancel his planned visit to the German
military cemetery at Bitburg.
1986: President Reagan left Andrews Air Force Base outside
Washington on the first leg of a 13-day journey to the Far east that included an
international economic summit in Tokyo.
1987: Tens of thousands of people gathered in Washington
for three days of protests against US foreign policy, particularly toward Central America
and South Africa.
1988: To the cheers of spectators, a judge in Jerusalem
sentenced John Demjanjuk to death after the retired Ohio autoworker was convicted of being
"Ivan the Terrible," a Nazi death camp guard who'd killed tens of thousands of
people (however, Demjanjuk's conviction was later overturned).
1989: Japanese Prime Minister Noboru Takeshita announced
his resignation in order to take responsibility for his involvement in Japan's
"Recruit" stock scandal.
1990: The Hubble Space Telescope was deployed from the
space shuttle Discovery.
1990: Violetta Chamorro assumed the Nicaraguan presidency,
ending more than a decade of leftist Sandinista rule.
1991: The White House threatened to "take whatever
steps are necessary" should Iraq fail to meet a deadline for withdrawing its security
forces from the refugee zone in northern Iraq.
1991: Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev, facing harsh
criticism during a closed-door meeting of the Communist Party's Central Committee, offered
to resign as party leader, an offer that was rejected.
1991: The United States announced its first financial aid
to Hanoi since the 1960s: $1 million to make artificial limbs for Vietnamese disabled during the
war.
1992: Islamic forces in Afghanistan took control of most
of the capital of Kabul following the collapse of the Communist government.
1992: An earthquake measuring seven-point-one on the
Richter scale shook northern California.
1993: Hundreds of thousands of gay rights activists and
their supporters marched in Washington DC, demanding equal rights and freedom from
discrimination.
1993: Voters in Russia participated in a referendum,
giving President Boris N. Yeltsin a sturdy vote of confidence.
1994: Terrorist bombers struck twice on the eve of South
Africa's first all-race election, killing about a dozen people.
1994: Conservative Tsutomu Hata became prime minister of
Japan, succeeding Morihiro Hosokawa.
1995: Show business legend Ginger Rogers died in Rancho
Mirage, California, at age 83.
1995: Regular season play by major-league baseball teams
got underway and was the first official action since the longest strike in sports
history began in August 1994.
1996: A day after the PLO annulled clauses calling for
Israel's destruction, the governing Labor Party abandoned its long-standing opposition to
a Palestinian state.
1996: Ford Motor Company announced a recall of about 8
million cars, minivans and pickups because of an ignition switch fire hazard.
1996: A court in Gdansk, Poland, dropped proceedings
against Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski over the 1970 fatal shootings of 44 protesters by
security forces when he was defense minister.
1997: The prosecution began calling witnesses in Timothy
McVeigh's Oklahoma City bombing trial.
1997: A federal judge ruled for the first time that the
Food and Drug Administration can regulate tobacco as a drug but said it couldn't
restrict cigarette advertising.
1998: Christian Mortensen, who emigrated to the United
States from his native Denmark in 1903, died. He was thought to have be the oldest man in
the world at the age of 115.
1998: Whitewater prosecutors questioned first lady
Hillary Rodham Clinton on videotape about her work as a private lawyer for the failed
savings and loan at the center of the investigation.
1999: More than 70,000 mourners gathered in Littleton,
Colo., to remember the victims of the Columbine High School massacre.
1999: Lord Killanin, former president of the International
Olympic Committee, died in Dublin, Ireland, at age 84.
1999: On the third and final day of their Washington
summit, NATO leaders promised military protection and economic aid to Yugoslavia's
neighbors for standing with the West against Slobodan Milosevic.
2000: Assailants shot and killed Zika Petrovic, an ally of Yugoslav President Slobodan
Milosevic.
2000: Broadway producer David Merrick died in London at age 88.
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