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February: The Roman "Month of Purification" got its name from februarius, the latin word for purification. February 15 was set aside for the Festival of Februa, in which people repented and made sacrafices to the gods to atone for their wrongdoings. March: Named for Mars, the Roman god of war. The Roman empire placed great emphasis on wars and conquests, so until 46 B.C. this was the first month of the year. April: No one knows the origin of this name. One theory is that is comes from Aprilis or aphrilis, which are corruptions of Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of love. Another theory supports its name deriving from aperire, the Latin verb meaning "to open". May: Another name with two possible derivations. One possibility is that the month is named after the Roman goddess Maia, mother of Mercury. Others believe it was named after Majores, the older branch of the Roman Senate. June: This month may have been named after the Roman goddess Juno, wife of Jupiter, or after the lower branch of the Roman senate, Juniores. July: Named after Julius Ceasar. August: Named after Gaius Julius Ceasar Octavianus, Julius Ceasar's nephew and heir. He went by Augustus, meaning "revered" during his reign. September: Comes from the latin word septem meaning seven. September was the seventh month of the year until 700 B.C. when Numa Pompilius, the second Roman king, switched from a 304-day calendar to a 355-day lunar calendar. October: From octo meaning eight. When the calendar was changed, the Romans attempted to change the month to Germanicus, Antonius, Faustina or Herculeus, but none of the names stuck. November: From novem meaning nine. December: From decem meaning ten. Attempts to rename it Amazonius failed.
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Monday: Originally called Monan daeg which meant "day of the moon" Tuesday: Tiwes daeg was named in honour of Tiw, Anglo-Saxon god of war. Wednesday: Named Wodnes daeg in honour of Woden, king of the Anglo-Saxon gods. Thursday: Thor, god of thunder and the strongest/bravest god of all was honoured on Thunres daeg Friday: Two possibilities for Frige daeg. One possibility honours Thor's mother, Frigga. The other honours the Norse goddess of love, Freyja. Saturday: Named Saeter daeg in honour of Saturn, Roman god of Agriculture. It's the only day of the week which does not have a name derived from the Anglo-Saxon/Norse myths.
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