Dictionary of English Phonesthemes Part 6
Final Cluster Phonesthemes Part 2
- /E:ks/ (1/1) Unclassified: annex, ex, flex,
googolplex, inflex, kex, Kleenex, latex, lex, multiplex,
narthex, perplex, prex, Pyrex, reflex, rex, Rolodex, sex, Tex-
Mex, triplex, vex, videotex, vortex,
- /e:pR/ (1/1) Unclassified: sapor (a proberty that
affects the sense of taste; savor; flavor),
- /e:b/ (1/1) Unclassified: babe, astrolabe,
cosmobabe,
- /W:ns/ (1/1) Sound Imitative: bounce, jounce
- /W:C/ (1/1) Staying low: couch, crouch, slouch,
- /W:l/ (1/1) Animal sound: growl, howl, yowl,
- /i:p/ (1/1) High-pitched sound: peep (cry of young
birds), cheep, bleep,
- /i:b/ (1/1) Unclassified: glebe (a plot of
cultivated land; land belonging or yielding revenue to a
parish church or ecclesiastical benefice), grebe (any of a
family of swimming and diving birds closely relating to the
loon but having lobate toes)
- /i:r/ (1/1) Contempt: fleer (jibe, sneer, jeer),
sneer, jeer, queer,
- /i:v/ (1/1) Unclassified: believe, disbelieve,
make believe, conceive, misconceive, perceive, deceive,
undeceive, naive, grieve, aggrieve, beeve, bereave, breve,
cleave, deev, eave, endive, eve, yester-eve, greave,
engrieve, heave, interleave, keeve, khedive, leave, lieve, qui
vive, reave, receive, recitative, reeve, relieve, reprieve,
retrieve, seave, sheave, shire-reeve, shrieve, sleave, steeve,
Steve, thieve, achieve, overachieve, underachieve, unreave,
upheave, vive, weave, interweave, inweave, unweave, we've,
- /i:vR/ (1/1) Unclassified: believer, disbeliever,
unbeliever, make-believer, conciever, preconceiver,
misconciever, deceiver, undeceiver, naiver, achiever,
underachiever, griever, aggriever, bereaver, brever, beaver,
cleaver, Guadalquivir, interleaver, interweaver, keever,
leaver, lever, cantilever, livre, overachiever, reaver,
receiver, reever, reiver, reliever, repriever, sheaver,
upheaver, weaver, weever, heaver, ballast heaver, coal heaver,
fever, enfever, hay fever, spring fever, jungle fever, scarlet
fever, yellow fever,
- /i:z/ (1/1) Unclassified: sneeze, wheeze, fnese
(breath heavily, snore), squeeze, tease, sottise (foolish
behavior, stupidity), sleaze, ease, appease, seize, reprise,
please, mease (a measure of 500 herrings; to ease; calm),
cheese, breeze, aes (bronze or copper; bronze or copper money
in roman antiquity) frieze (the part of an entablature between
the achitrave and the cornice; a sculptured or richly
ornamented band),
- /i:zR/ Unclassified: geezer, wheezer, sneezer,
appeaser, Ceaser, easer, Ebeneezer, freezer, friezer, pleaser,
squeezer, teaser, tweezer, greaser, leaser,
- /I:p/ (1/1) Quick Movement: clip (cut), whip (move
the wings briskly), hip (hop), skip, gnip, knip, nip {variant
of knip, gnip}, tip, snip, flip, zip
- /I:t/ (1/1) Unclassified: spit, flit, hit, skit
(quick movement), shit, twit, grit, kit,
- /I:C/ (1/1) Jerky Movement: twitch, hitch,
pitch,
- /I:k/ (1/1) Quick sound: pick, prick, kick, tick,
flick, nick, click, snick (click), crick (sound of
grasshopper; spasm of the muscles),
- /I:dL/ (1/1) Trifle: fiddle, piddle, tiddle,
twiddle (have sexual relations), quiddle, diddle (sing without
distinct utterance of words), diddle away (trifle away,
waste), middle, riddle, fiddle, quiddle (to procrastinate or
dawdle in carrying out one's dury), criddle, siddle, friddle,
biddle, tiddle, striddle, squiddle, niddle, flumadiddle (a New
England holidy mess consisting of stale bread, pork fat,
molasses, cinnamon, allspice, and cloves; nonsense),
flummydiddle, flumdiddle (frills), befiddle, condiddle, piddle
(to pick at one's food; eat like a bird), taradiddle (fib;
pretentious nonsense), paradiddle (a quick succession of
drumbeats slower than a roll and alternating left- and right-
hand strokes in a typical L-R-L-L, R-L-R-R pattern),
- /I:gL/ (1/1) Small, Continuous Movement Sounds:
wiggle (wobble, waggle, wriggle), wriggle, squiggle, scriggle
(squiggle), sniggle (snicker),
- /I:f/ (1/1) Noise of Breath or Liquor: sniff,
whiff (puff, whistle), tiff (outburst of temper), miff (tiff,
petty quarrel), biff (blow), tiff (drink, sip) {influenced by
tipple}, squiffy (drunk),
- /I:fL/ (1/1) Irregular sound: whiffle, sniffle,
piffle (to talk or act in a trivial, inept, or ineffective
way; trivial nonsense; ineptitude), riffle (a shallow
extending across a stream bed and causing broken water; a
stretch of water flowing over a riffle; a small wave or
succession of small waves; ripple; the act or process of
shuffling, as of cards; the made while doing this; to form,
flow over or move in riffles; to flip curiously, to thumb; to
ruffle slightly; to leaf through hastily; to leaf, as a stack
of paper, by sliding the thumb along the edge of the leaves;
to shuffle playing cards by separating the deck into two parts
and riffling with the thumbs so that the cards intermix; to
manipulate small objects idly with the fingers; any of various
contrivances, as blocks or rails, laid on the bottom of a
sluice or launder to make a series of grooves or interstices
to catch and retain a mineral, as gold; a groove or interstice
so formed; a cleat or bar fastened to an inclined surface in a
gold-washing apparatus to catcha and hold mineral grains; to
run through a riffle or over a series of riffles
- /I:s/ (1/1) Unclassified: siss, hiss,
- /I:sk/ (1/1) Unclassified: whisk (to bear along or
sweep with light movements as a broom; to move quickly and
lightly), frisk, flisk (caper, frolic), brisk, fisk, prisk,
sisk, zisk, bisk, pisk, flisk, drisk, glisk (a slight touch of
pleasure or a twinge of pain that penetrates the soul and
passes quickly away), disc, risk,
- /I:vR/ (1/1) Tremble, Shake: quiver, chiver,
shiver {from chiver}, flivver (originally fail, bungle; small,
cheap, shaking, usually old automobile),
- /I:z/ (1/1) Noise: whizz, fizz, sizz, frizz, blizzard,
jizz (what identifies a bird; semen, to eject semen),
- /I:zi/ (1/1) Unclassified: busy, dizzy, frizzy,
jizzy, tizzy, tin-lizzie,
- /I:zM/ (1/1) Unclassified: abysm, schism, jism,
- /I:zL/ (1/1) Continuous, Quietly Sputtering Noises,
as of Rain or Fat in a Pan: mizzle, drizzle, sizzle,
frizzle (sizzle), fizzle, pizzle (animal penis),
- /I:G/ (1/2) Sound With Extended Decay: ring, sing,
ding (knock, hammer), ping, whing (high-pitched ringing
sound),
- /I:G/ (2/2) Movement: swing, sling, fling, whing
(move with force or impetus), wing, wring,
- /I:Gk/ (1/2) High pitched sound: tink, clink,
chink, plink, flink (comic sound effect),
- /I:Gk/ (2/2) Unclassified: skink (lizard; drink;
liquor; beef hocks or beef hock soup; to pour liquor; to
pour), smink, spink, stink, swink, vink, wink, hoodwink,
awink, tiddlywink, link, rink, mink, pink, fink, ratfink, jink
(move quickly or unexpectedly with sudden turns and shifts),
hink, frink, drink, kink, ink, sprink, sink, gink, schlink,
dink (penis, esp small one), Chink (epithet for Chinese),
chink (narrow opening, division, cleft, slit, or fissure; a
narrow beam of light shining through a chink; a weak spot that
may leave one vulnerable; sound of money), slink (move
stealthily or furtively), twink, trink, glink (the sound of
liquid escaping from a narrow-mouthed vessel; to glance at
slyly or sideways), shrink, ink, zinc, jinniwink (a small
derrick), chiwink (the redeyed towhee),
- /I:GkL/ (1/1) Unclassified: crinkle, inkle,
periwinkle, sprinkle, twinkle, winkle, wrinkle,
- /o:n/ (1/1) Unclassified: groan, moan,
- /o:r/ (1/1) Low-Pitched Tone: roar, snore, snort,
blore (a violent blowing), snore (a snort),
- /o:l/ (1/1) Sound: knoll (sound of a bell), toll,
jowl, joll (toll a bell; bump the head), loll, troll, stroll,
roll (of thunder),
- /Y:Gk/ (1/1) Resonating Sound Cut Short: boink,
doink, foink, goink, koink, poink, sproink, toink,
- /Y:G/ (1/1) Resonance, Vibration, Oscillation,
Undulation, Pulsation, Elasticity, Recoil, Spring,
Bounce: boing, bloing, choing, doing, foing, poing,
shtoing, skoing, sproing, toing, zoing,
- /u:p/ (1/1) Unclassifed: crup, cup, gup, larrup,
scup, sup, tup, whup,
- /u:pL/ (1/1) Unclassified: couple, supple,
- /u:t/ (1/1) Unclassified: abut, but, butt, catgut,
coconut, crut, cut, uncut, glut, gut, halibut, hut, jut,
Lilliput, mutt, nut, occiput, putt, rebut, rut, scut,
scuttlebutt, shut, slut, smut, besmut, strut, astrut,
surrebut, tut,
- /u:tL/ (1/1) Unclassified: abuttal, cuttle,
guttle, rebuttal, ruttle, scuttle, shuttle, subtle, suttle,
- /u:C/ (1/1) Unclassified: mutch, clutch, crutch,
Dutch, touch, hutch (a chest or compartment for storage; a low
cupbourd usu surmounted by open shelves; a pen or coop for an
animal; shack; shanty), scutch (to separate the woody fiber
from flax or hemp by beating; an implement for so doing; a
bricklayer's hammer for cutting, trimming, and dressing
bricks), such, much, forasmuch, inasmuch, insomuch,
overmuch,
- /u:k/ (1/1) Unclassified: guck (oozy, sloppy dirt
or debris),
- /u:kL/ (1/1) Unclassified: bruckle, buckle,
unbuckle, chuckle, honeysuckle, huckle, knuckle, muckle,
parbuckle, suckle, truckle,
- /B:/ (1/1) Unclassified: Beelzebub, blub, bub,
chub, club, cub, drub, dub, fub, grub, hub, hubbub, nub, pub,
rub, rub-a-dub, scrub, shrub, sillabub, slub, snub, stub, sub,
tub,
- /B:L/ (1/1) Unclassified: bubble, double,
grubble, hubble-bubble, nouble, redouble, rubble, stubble,
trouble,
- /D:/ (1/1) Unclassified: blood, bud, cud, dud,
flood, fud, lud, mud, scud, spud, stud, bestud, thud,
- /D:L/ (1/1) Unclassified: buddle, cuddle, fuddle,
huddle, muddle, bemuddle, nuddle, puddle, ruddle, scuddle,
- /u:g/ (1/2) Pulling Movement: tug {variant of tuck
(tug, pull)}, shrug (shudder, shiver), rug (pull forcefully),
hug, lug, chug (the sound of an oil engine, etc running
slowly) {variant of chuck},
- /u:g/ (2/2) Unclassified: bug, drug, dug, fug,
hug, jug, mug, plug, pug, rug, shrug, slug, smug, snug, thug,
trug,
- /u:gL/ (1/1) Unclassified: guggle, juggle,
smuggle, snuggle, struggle,
- /D:J/ (0/1) Similar to /a:J/
- /D:J/ (1/1) Heaviness, Unpleasantness: grudge
(murmur, grumble, be reluctant, envy) {variant of grutch},
drudge {blend of dree (labor) and grudge}, trudge, smudge
(soil, smirch) {from smot}, snudge (miser, niggard) {from
snap, snatch (money)}, sludge {from slub or slush}, pudge
(short and thick person or thing) {from podge},
- /D:L/ (1/1) Unclassified: cuddle, huddle, nuddle,
fuddle, muddle (wallow in mud; stupefy with liquor),
- /u:f/ (0/1) Onomatopoeic variant of /I:f/
- /u:f/ (1/2) Outburst Of Breath, Air, Or Smoke:
puff, buff (burst into a laugh), huff (puff, swell), snuff,
whuff (puff), fluff, fuff (fluff), pluff (fluff), chuff (the
noise of an engin or machine), cuff (strike), buff (nudity;
moderate orange or light yellow; enthusiast), bluff (to make a
blindfolded buff of a person; to blindfold), dandruff,
- /u:f/ (2/2) Unclassified: rough, tough, gruff,
muff,
- /u:fL/ (1/1) Untidiness, Disordiliness: ruffle
(crumple), shuffle (put together in a hasty, disorderly
manner), scuffle (put together in a hasty, disorderly manner;
scrambling fight),
- /u:sL/ (1/1) Sound With Continuation: rustle (move
rapidly), bustle {variant of buskle}, hustle,
- /u:S/ (0/1) Variant of /A:S/
- /u:S/ (1/1) Unclassified: flush, lush (dash,
strike), dush (dash), rush, gush, frush (strike violently),
crush, blush, push*,
- /u:z/ (1/1) Sound: buzz, huzz (buzz), fuzz (buzz;
make drunk), fuzz-ball, muzz (fuddle),
- /u:zi/ (1/1) Unclassified: fuzzy, hussy, muzzy
(muddle, stupid with excess of liquor, blurred),
- /u:zL/ Unclassified: guzzle, puzzle, nuzzle,
wuzzle (mix), fuzzle (intoxicate), muzzle (fuddle; drink to
excess) {blend of muddle and muzzy}, bemuzzle, unmuzzle,
- /M:/ (1/1) Vibrating Sounds: hum, bum (hum
loudly), bum (beat, thump), drum, thrum, strum, tum,
- /M:bL/ (1/1) Humming or Rumbling: mumble, rumble,
humble (hum), jumble (grumble), drumble (mumble), grumble,
tumble, stumble, fumble, crumble, stumble, scumble, umbel,
- /M:p/ (1/4) Heavy Fall and Impact; Low-Pitched
Sound: dump (fall heavily), plump, jump, thump, bump,
crump (noise of horses or pigs when eating), clump (tread
heavily), slump, flump, wump (throb, sound of fall),
- /M:p/ (2/4) Displeasure: lump (be displeased),
mump, hump (ill-humor), frump (cross, old-fashioned woman; put
in a bad humor; sulk), lump (look sulky), grump (sulk), glump
(sulk),
- /M:p/ (3/4) Clumsiness, Unattractiveness: chump,
dump, frump, grump,
- /M:p/ (4/4) Rounded Collection: bump, clump, hump,
slump, stump, rump,
- /M:pkIn/ (1/1) Unclassified: bumpkin, pumpkin,
- /M:ps/ (1/1) Unclassified: mumps, frumps (sulks),
humps and grumps (slights and snubs),
- /M:pi/ (1/1) Unclassified: bumpy, chumpy, clumpy,
crumpy, dumpy, frumpy, grumpy, glumpy, humpy, jumpy, lumpy,
mumpy, plumpy, slumpy, stumpy, thumpy,
- /M:pL/ (1/1) Unclassified: crumble, rumple,
unrumple,
- /N:C/ (1/1) Low-Pitched Sound: munch, crunch,
scrunch, bunch, hunch, lunch, clunch,
- /u:GgL/ (1/1) Unclassified: bungle, jungle,
fungal, mungle,
- /u:Gk/ (1/1) Low-Pitched Sound: clunk, plunk,
thunk, funk (spark), spunk (tinder, touchwood), punk {variant
of spunk}, funk (flinch),
- /R:/ (1/1) Movement or Whirring Sound: skirr (move
hastily, make a whirring sound), chirr (make a sound like a
grasshopper), squirr (cast with a whirling motion),
- /R:i/ (1/1) Agitated Activity: hurry, {from hurr},
hurry-scurry, scurry, flurry, worry,
- /R:l/ (1/2) Prolonged Vibrating, Dull Sounds:
hurl, purl (gentle murmuring or bubbling sound like the water
of a shallow stream flowing over stones),
- /R:l/ (2/2) Unclassified: whirl, swirl
(whirlpool), chirl (warble), twirl, girl,
- /R:t/ (1/1) Unclassified: spurt, blurt, squirt,
flirt (fling), spirt,
- /U:b/ (1/1) Triviality: boob, cube, tube, Rube,
- /U:d/ (1/1) Unclassified: abrood, astrude, allude,
brood, collude, conclude, consuetude, crude, delude, denude,
desuetude, detrude, dude, elude, exclude, extrude, exude,
feud, food, hebetude, illude, include, interclude, interlude,
lewd, lude, mood, nude, obtrude, occlude, pood, preclude,
prelude, prude, Quaalude, reclude, retrude, rood, rude,
seclude, shrewd, slewed, snood, stude, thewed, glued,
- /U:dL/ (1/1) Unclassified: boodle, caboodle,
conoodle, flapdoodle, kiyoodle, noodle, poodle, doodle,
- /U:J/ (1/1) Unclassified: splooge (to eject semen),
demonifuge, febrifuge, gamboge, huge, insectifuge, Scrooge, scrouge,
stooge, subterfuge, vermifuge,
- /U:gL/ (1/1) Unclassified: bugle, febrifugle,
frugal, fugal, infrugal, jugal, vermifrugal,
- /U:f/ (1/1) Unclassified: aloof, behoof, goof,
hoof, loof, proof, roof, spoof, woof,
- /U:C/ (1/1) Unclassified: cooch, brooch (an
ornament that is held by a pin or a clasp and is worn at or
near the neck), hooch {Japanese uchi=house} (thatched hut;
dwelling), hootch {variant of hooch} (thatched hut; dwelling),
hooch {clipping of Hoochinoo, a liquor made by the Hoochinoo
Indians, a Tlingit people} (alcoholic liquor, esp inferior and
illicit), hoochy-cooch, mooch (to wander aimlessly; amble;
sneak; sponge; cadge; beg; to take surreptitiously; steal)
pooch (dog),
- /U:m/ (1/1) Unclassified: boom (buzz, make a deep
resonant sound), zoom (make a low-pitched buzzing sound; the
sudden, steep climbing of a plane), boom (rapid business
growth) {noise of production machinery},
- /U:s/ (1/1) Unclassified: juice, sluice, moose,
spruce (very neat, clean, tidy; of dress and appearance, trim;
a genus of quick-growing conifers, with the branches close
together and forming a conical head; their light but strong
wood), loose, goose, noose, duce (dictator), deuce (two),
obduce (to cover with), abstruce, induce (conclude by
induction), puce (brownish purple; goblin), obtuse, excuse,
seduce, reproduce, reuse, truce, Zeus,
- /U:p/ (1/1) Unclassified: whoop, roop (horse
sound), scroop (creak, grate), cloop (noise of a cork), poop,
scoop, troop, hoop,
Copyright 1997 Ben Shisler