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Why know about First
Aid? First Aid is the quick and correct help given when
someone gets sick or hurt. First Aid
skills are to be used until proper medical help arrives.
First
Things First for First Aid: When
seeing a person needing First Aid, make sure the area is safe of any further
danger. Arrange for
someone to get help, call 911 and report back. Keep the person in need calm and
comfortable. Give
information to an adult when help arrives.
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Pain:
Should someone feel nauseous or complain of a
belly pain, don't give him or her anything to eat or drink. Put an ice pack
on the area that hurts and call an adult. ALWAYS STAY CALM!
Burns:
Run minor burns under cold water immediately after they happen. It will help
take away the pain. If the burn covers a large area and blisters, call for
help. If your clothes or someone else's cloths catch on fire, DON'T
RUN. Stop, drop, and roll until the flames go out. Call 9-1-1. ALWAYS STAY CALM!
Cuts and Bleeding:
Wash out minor cuts with soap and water, then cover with a clean bandage. If
the person has a deep cut, press down on the cut and keep on steady pressure until the bleeding stops. Cover
the wound with a clean cloth. Raise the cut over the height of the heart
to reduce blood flow.
If bleeding does not stop, call 9-1-1. ALWAYS STAY CALM!
Nosebleed:
If someone has a nosebleed, have him or her sit down and lean forward to keep the blood from going
down the throat. Take a handkerchief or a clean cloth and place it over the
bridge of the nose. Squeeze firmly on both sides of the soft portion of the nose for 10 minutes. Keep the pressure steady. If the bleeding doesn't stop,
call 9-1-1. ALWAYS STAY CALM!
Blisters:
At the first sign of discomfort, remove
boots and socks and place a piece of adhesive tape over the affected area. If
it is absolutely necessary, open a blister by first washing the area
thoroughly then have an adult insert a sterilized needle into the side of the
blister. Apply disinfectant and a bandage.
Muscle
Cramps: Occur when the muscles are tired, strained or perspire a
lot. Treatment includes resting, deep breathing and stretching.
Fainting:
If someone faints, put a pillow under his/her legs to elevate them. Tilt head
to the side, than put cold compresses on the forehead and call 9-1-1. ALWAYS
STAY CALM!
Unconsciousness:
If someone is hit on the head and is unconscious, call 9-1-1. NEVER MOVE THE
HEAD OR NECK, stay CALM, and wait for emergency help to arrive and do not leave
the person alone. Do not allow anyone to move the person until help
arrives. ALWAYS STAY CALM!
Poison:
If someone swallows something poisonous, call the local Poison
Control Center immediately, and 9-1-1. Collect as much information as you can
about what was taken, how much and when. DO NOT eat or drink
anything. Wait
until help arrives. ALWAYS STAY CALM!
Insect Stings:
If
an insect stings someone and the stinger remains, never squeeze it out. Scrape it
off with your fingernail. After the stinger is removed, wash the area with
soap and water. Then apply an ice pack or cold cloth. If the person starts having
trouble breathing, or if you know he or she is allergic to that insect, call 9-1-1.
ALWAYS STAY CALM!
Broken Bones:
If someone should fracture a limb, do not move the limb. Ask someone
to call 9-1-1. Do not give the injured person anything to eat or drink.
If the
injured limb is deformed or badly swollen, it usually means there is a
fracture and bones are broken. ALWAYS STAY CALM!
Sprain:
If bones are not broken, but muscles or tendons are in pain, apply ice around
the sore area. Avoid moving. Make a splint to stop the sprained
area from moving. RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation. Stay calm and arrange to see a doctor
Hypothermia:
If someone has been exposed to cold weather without proper clothing,
remove the person from the cold and wind and call 9-1-1.
Warm the body slowly. Provide for ease of breathing and blood
circulation. ALWAYS STAY CALM!
Frost Bite:
If someone has a part of their body frozen, remove the person from
the cold and wind and call 9-1-1.
Use moist heat to gradually warm the frozen part slowly. DO NOT use hot
water.
Heat
Exhaustion: A mild form of hyperthermia as a result of exposure to the
sun. The body becomes dehydrated and salt-depleted, resulting in
faintness, a weak, rapid pulse and/or cold and clammy skin. Treatment
includes plenty of rest, liquid and salt tablets
Heat
Stroke:
If someone is exposed to hot, humid, sunny weather and looks faint or
disoriented, first place the person in the shade or somewhere cool. The most
severe form of hyperthermia. Cover with wet sheets and fan the person
with cool air. Apply a cold bath to the face, neck and armpits and
legs. Call 9-1-1.
Activities for the Pack on a
First Aid Night:
Have a leader or senior Cub walk
into the room and complain or act out one of the above conditions.
Choose a Cub who knows the answer and have him play the First Aider. Make
sure he/she gets someone to go for help. Make sure everyone plays in the
game.
With
the Cubs build a Pack First
Aid Kit or Personal Fanny Packs. Some
of the items could include:
Antiseptic
ointment
Insect repellent
Sunscreen
Ointment for insect bites and sunburn
Cough medicine
Throat lozenges
Tweezers (for removing splinters)
Fingernail clips
Bandage scissors
Nail file
Soap
Safety pins
Salt
Whistle |
Triangular bandage
Sterile roll cling gauze bandages
Various adhesive band-aids
Wet towelettes
Alcohol swabs
Adhesive tape to secure bandages
Cotton balls and/or Q-tips
Small flashlight
Small insulating blanket
Drinking cup
Paper & pencil
First Aid book
Quarters to make
phone calls
Phone numbers for police, hospital and parents |
Collect all the above objects and place in a
bag. Add other items such as a plastic bowl, spoon, Nintendo game, music CD
etc.. Arrange the Cubs in a circle around you. Pick one item at a time out
of the bag and have the Cubs select which would be best for the First Aid
Kit. Have them explain why the item is useful and how it is
used. Combine with the above role-playing game and use some of the items in the
kit to assist in giving First Aid.
This material can be used to fulfill partial requirements for
the First Aid Badge
