1600 Astronomer, Galileo improves the thermometer.
1603 The House of Stuart ascends to the British throne when, on July 25,
James VI, King of Scotland is crowned James I, King of England.
Prince Ahmed (Achmet) accedes to the throne of the Turkish, Ottoman Empire. He reigns for 14 years, and is succeeded by Othman in 1617, Amurath in 1623, Ibrahim in 1640 and Mohammed IV in 1648. Mohammed has a disastrous reign and is deposed, after which he dies in prison in 1687. Three more rulers assume the Ottoman throne this century, they are: Solyman (1687), Ahmed II (1691) and Mustapha II (1695).
1604 Charles IX accedes to the throne of Sweden, as Sigismund III gives it up in favor of the Polish throne, where he has ruled from 1686. Charles is succeeded in 1611 by Gustavus II (Adolphus The Great), whose daughter, Queen Christina succeedes him in 1633, followed by Charles X (1654), Charles XI (1660) and Charles XII (1697).
1605 After the death of Pope Clement VIII, eleven men ascend to the Papacy this century. They are: Leo XI (1605), Paul V (1610), Gregory XV (1621), Urban VIII (1623), Innocent X (1644), Alexander VII (1655), Clement IX (1667), Clement X (1670), Innocent XI (1676), Alexis VIII (1687), and Innocent XII (1689).
1606 Australia is discovered by the Dutch.
Czar Boris of Muscovy dies. He is succeeded by Demetrius, who dies within four years. After a three year interregnum, Michael ascends to the throne as the first Romanov Czar of Russia in 1613. After Michael's death in 1645, his son Alexis, called the father of his country becomes Czar, followed by the two short reigns of Feodor II and Ivan V. Then in 1689, Peter (The Great), who was deaf & dumb, becomes the first Emperor of Russia.
1608 John Milton, the English poet is born.
1609 Puritans leave England for the New World.
Virginia becomes a British Colony
Bermuda becomes a British Colony.
Phillip III of Spain drives the Moors from Grenada and adjacent provinces.
1610 Astronomer, Galileo improves the telescope.
Louis XIII (The Just), of the House of Bourbon, accedes to the throne of France on the death of his father, King Henry IV. With Cardinal Richelieu as his Prime Minister, Louis maintains a vigorous administration and founds the French Academy in 1635.
Paul V ascends to the Papacy.
1611 The first edition of the King James Version of the Bible is published in England.
1612 Rodolph II of Germany dies at the age of 36, and Mathias, his brother, ascends the throne.
Abbas (The Great), of the Persian Sophi Dynasty, signs treaty with England. He is succeeded by Mirzah (Sophi I) in 1628, followed by Abbas II in 1641, soliman (Sophi II) in 1666 and Hussain (Mahmoud) in 1694.
1613
Prince Michael ascends to the Russian throne as the first Romanov Czar.
1616 William Shakespeare dies at the age of 52.
1619 William Harvey, M.D. of England discovers the double function of the heart, in sending blood out from the left side, through the arteries, and receiving it back through the veins from the right side.
1620 First Pilgrims arrive at Plymouth, Cape Cod aboard the Mayflower.
1621 Gregory XV ascends to the Papacy.
1623 Urban VIII ascends to the Papacy.
1625 India is colonized by the British.
1626 Sir Frances Bacon dies at the age of 65.
1628 The Council of New England grants Massachusetts Bay Company (Colony) a large parcel of land for settlement by English colonists.
1629 First great wave of Puritan migration to the New World, in which 14,000 to 20,000 Pilgrims arrived in North America.
1631 The second (regularly issued) newspaper, Gazette De Fance, preceded only by the Gazetta Venice in 1536, is printed for the first time. The Gazette De France is still issued today.
1632 Prince Vasa succeeds his father, Sigismund III of Sweden on the throne of
Poland.
1635 The French Academy is founded by King Louis XIII.
1638 The Turks take Baghdad after a great massacre.
James Usher, Archbishop of Dublin, dies.
1640 Fredrick William (The Great Elector) succeeds his father, George William, as King of Prussia.
Isaac Newton is born in England.
Astronomer, Galileo, dies.
1642 Second great wave of Puritan migration to the New World, in which 14,000 to 20,000 Pilgrims arrived in North America.
1643 Louis XIV, renowned for his support of industry, commerce, literature and the arts, accedes to the throne of France. Builder of the Palace of Versailles, he considers himself a glorious King. His glorious Palace is later ravaged by mobs during the French Revolution.
1644 Innocent X ascends to the Papacy.
1648 Independence of Switzerland recognized by the Treaty of Westphalia.
1655 Alexander VII ascends to the Papacy.
1660 King Louis XIV of France marries Princes Infanta Maria Theresa, daughter of King Philip IV of Spain. By her right, Louis later claims the throne of Spain for his second grandson.
1661 Kang-He becomes Emperor of China. One year later, a great earthquake kills over 800,000 people in Peking alone.
1663 The first English newspaper, The Public Intelligencer, is printed for the first time.
1667 Clement IX ascends to the Papacy.
1670 Clement X ascends to the Papacy.
1676 Innocent XI ascends to the Papacy.
1681 William Penn receives Sole-Proprietorship Grant from British King Charles II, of Colonial lands north of Maryland. This land, which was later to become known as Pennsylvania (after the elder Penn), was granted in consideration of payment for loans made by William's father, Admiral Penn, to the British crown.
1685 King Louis XIV of France revokes the Edict of Nantes (legalized in 1598 to allow limited freedom of religion) and exiles 500,000 Protestants.
King Charles II of England dies. He is succeeded first, by his brother, James II, and then in 1689, by Prince William of Orange, who weds Mary Stuart, daughter of James I, and becomes King William III.
1687 Alexis VIII ascends to the Papacy.
1689 Innocent XII ascends to the Papacy.
1694 Queen Mary Stuart of England dies, leaving William III to rule alone.
