U.S. Energy Consumption 2005
Crude Oil & Petroleum	40%
Coal	23%
Natural Gas	23%
Nuclear	8%
Renewables	6%

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Review 2005

industrial sector	32 %
transportation sector	28 %
residential sector	22 %
commercial sector	18 %

Primary Fuel Uses

Type	Sources %
	Oil	Gas	Coal	Nuclear	Hydro	solar	wood
Electricity	3	20	50	20	7	.013
Transportation	97
Heating	37

Source: www.energyjustice.net/sources/

In Massachusetts, the fuel mix for electricity production is:

37% oil
31% coal
22% nuclear
7% natural gas
1% hydro
0% solar and wind
Cost of electricity (per Killowat Hour):

Coal-fired	3.5 to 4 ¢
Natural-gas, combined cycle	5 to 6 ¢
Nuclear	5.5 to 6.5 ¢
Wind in favorable areas and up to 20 percent of the supply:	4 to5 ¢
Solar (without energy storage)	roughly 20 ¢

Source: Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (IEER) 2005

1998  Energy Consumption

World 12.8 TW
US     3.3 TW (26%)  
We have 5% of the population but use 26% of the resources.

Source: Energy and Transportation: 
        Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century (2003)

Transportation:
Average car in New Jersey 20 MPG 12,500 miles/year

Source: MIT Energy Club  (web.mit.edu/mit_energy/
Fresources/factsheets/Units&ConvFactorsSpreadsheet v4.ppt)

Source: U. of Oslo - Energy consumption and living standard at physics.uio.no/energy/fys4540/FYS4540_slides_1.pdf

The average American uses twice the energy of the average European and three times that of the average Japanese.
We have Energy Measurement:

Energy:
The metric unit for energy is the joule (1J).
1 joule = 1 watt (W) * 1 sec
1 GJ = Giga (109) Joul
1 EJ  =  Exa (1018) Joul = 109 GJ =  .95 Quad
1 Btu    British thermal unit	        1,055 J
1 KWh    Kilowatt-hour                  3,412 Btu
1 quad   quadrillion Btu                          1015  Btu = 1.055 EJ 
1 toe   (metric) ton of oil equivalent    39.7 million Btu = 42 GJ
1 bboe   billion barrels of oil equivalent 5.8 million Btu = 1700 kWh
1 tce   (metric) ton of coal equivalent   27.8 million Btu
1 mcf nat.gas (LHV) = 10.26 therm = 1.026 mmBtu = 1.082 GJ

Power:
1 TW = Terra 10^12 (1 trillion) Watt = 31.5 EJ/year

Number prefixes (K, M, G, ...)

Other Terms:
 bbl: barrel(s)
 CNG: Compressed Natural Gas 
 GJ: Giga (109) Joul
 LPG: Liquefied Petroleum Gas
 MMbbl: one million (106) British thermal units
 MJ: one million joules
 L: Liter = 0.2642 gal
The Institute for the Analysis of Global Security - Gossary

Energy Content (Lower Heating Values):
Crude Oil = 6.119 GJ/bbl = 5.8 mmBtu/bbl  = 39.7 mmBtu/ton
                = 145.7 MJ/gal = 38.5 MJ/L = 41.868 MJ/kg (GJ/ton) 	
Gasoline  = 121.8 MJ/gal = 32.2 MJ/L = 43.69 MJ/kg =115 mBtu/gal
Diesel    =  135.5 MJ/gal = 35.6 MJ/L = 41.84 MJ/kg =128 mBtu/gal
Ethanol   =    80.2 MJ/gal = 21.2 MJ/L = 26.86 MJ/kg =  76 mBtu/gal
Biodiesel = 124.8 MJ/gal = 33.0 MJ/L = 37.47 MJ/kg =121mBtu/gal
Hydrogen @ 35MPa (HHV) = 10.22 MJ/gal = 2.7MJ/L = 120 MJ/kg
UN Standard Coal = 30 GJ/ton
   Bituminous    = 27-30 GJ/ton (MJ/kg) = 25-28 mmBtu/ton
    Subbitum.    =  20-26 GJ/ton (MJ/kg) = 19-24 mmBtu/ton
         Lignite =  10-19 GJ/ton (MJ/kg) = 9-18 mmBtu/ton
Natural Gas @ STP = 37 MJ/m3  = 36mBtu/m3  = 1025 Btu/ ft3 
    CNG @ 20MPa = 35.16 MJ/gal = 9.288 MJ/L = 50.04 MJ/kg 
LPG@1.5MPa =88.1MJ/gal=23.3MJ/L=19.8mBtu/lb=84.5 mBtu/gal 
Methanol = 63.3 MJ/gal = 16.71 MJ/L = 21.1MJ/kg = 52.8 mBtu/gal
Air-Dried (20% Moisture Content) Wood = 15 GJ/ton
Uranium = 80 GJ/g fissioned = 400 GJ/kg mined (fsnĠd =.5% mnĠd)

Books:
Energy Myths by Max Schulz
In The Bottomless Well, Peter Huber and Mark Mills

Links:
Energy Abbreviations Page at DOE
Energy Myths by Max Schulz at Manhattan-institute.org
The Institute for the Analysis of Global Security - Gossary