Volgograd -- City Hero
Volgograd -- City Hero
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The Concise Columbia Encyclopedia © 1995 by Columbia University Press. |
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Volgograd, formerly Stalingrad, city (1990 est. pop. 1,006,000), SE European Russia, a port on the Volga R. and the eastern terminus of the Volga-Don Canal. Its industries include shipyards, oil refineries, and steel and aluminum mills. Nearby is one of the world's largest hydroelectric power dams. Founded in 1589 as a defensive stronghold named Tsaritsyn, the city fell to the Cossack rebel armies of Stenka Razin (1670) and Pugachev (1774). It was renamed Stalingrad in 1925. In World War II it was virtually destroyed and thousands were killed (Sept. 1942-Feb. 1943) before German forces surrendered. After the turning point at Stalingrad, Soviet forces took the offensive on the eastern front. The city was renamed Volgograd in 1961. |
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