Anabolic cycles
In the case of bodybuilding, we are interested in supraphysiological levels vs. anabolic cycles Steroid discussion group. normal levels (or perhaps, a higher supraphysiological level vs. a lower supraphysiological level. ) In most research that is done, the comparison is often between normal levels and zero levels, or the castrated state. anabolic cycles Ordering-steroids-online. We may describe regulation with the two levels being in either order. Upregulation as levels decrease from normal to zero is the same thing, but in the reverse direction, as downregulation as levels increase from zero to normal. The term which would be used will depend on context, but does not change meaning, so long as the direction of change in level of hormone is understood. anabolic cycles Big-women-bodybuilding. If upregulation occurs as levels decrease from normal to zero, as is probably the case in some tissues, this would imply nothing about what may happen as levels increase beyond normal. It does not prove that downregulation would occur. It would be a serious error to take a study comparing normal levels and zero levels and use that study to argue the effect of supraphysiological levels. Unfortunately, such mistakes are commonly made by authors in bodybuilding. Forms of regulationBroadly speaking, there are three things that control the number of receptors. To understand them, let's quickly review the life-cycle of an individual AR. There is a single gene in the DNA of each cell that codes for the AR. In the transcription process, the DNA code is copied to mRNA. The rate (frequency) of this process can be either increased (promoted) or decreased (repressed) depending on what other proteins are bound to the DNA at the time. Increase or decrease of this rate can be a form of regulation: the more AR mRNA is produced, all else being equal, the more ARs there will be. However, all else rarely is equal. If efficiency is 100%, each mRNA will be used by a ribosome to produce an AR, which is a protein molecule. The process of making protein from the mRNA code is called translation. In practice efficiency will not be 100%. Changes in efficiency of translation can also be a form of regulation. The third contributing factor to regulation is the rate of loss of ARs. If the cell produces x ARs per hour, and their half life is say 7. 5 hours, then the number of ARs will be higher than if ARs are produced at that same rate but the half life is say only 3. 3 hours. Thus, control of rate of turnover, or change in half-life, can be another means of regulation. The Arguments for DownregulationArguments from the popular literatureI am indebted to one of my former colleagues at Dirty Dieting for contributing these first several arguments, which are from one of his published articles.
Anabolic cycles
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