SCOTUS VIATOR Racial Problems in Hungary

Year.	Name. Profession.	Sentence.				Court.	Offence.
Year.	Name. Profession.	Imprisonment.			Fine.	Court.	Offence.
		Yr.	Mo.	Days	Crowns.
1898	Izidor Žiak-Somolický, author	0	3	0	1,2	Budapest	Instigation against Magyar nationality (§172).
	Ambro Pietor, editor	0	8	0	1,2	„	Ditto.
	Ignác Országh, landowner .	0	3	0	—	Besztercrebánya	Ditto (incurred in a toast delivered at a banquet).
1899	Joseph Škultéty, editor.	0	o	21	300	Budapest	{Ditto (for publishing translations of 2 articles by Profs. Baudouin de Courtenay and Florinsky.
	Antony Novák, printer.	0	0	7	100	_„
	Matthew Dula, advocate	0	6	0	—	—	}Total of 52 months.
	Húrban Vajanský, poet	0	5	0	—	—	Laudatio criminis, incurred in welcoming Ambrose Pietor at the station of Turócz St. Márton on his return from imprisonment (see above). A speech of welcome was made by one of his oldest friends,
	Paul Mudroň and another advocate	0	3	0	each	—	and the two girls presented a bouquet of flowers. The incident was perfectly orderly.
	Paul Mudroň and another advocate	0	3	0	each	—
	Vladimir Mudroň and 5 other officials	0	2	each	—	—
	Joseph Škultéty, Ďuro Čajda, and Anton Bielek, editors	0	2	each	—	—
	Joseph Čapko, brewer, Con-stantine Húrban, manufacturer, and 5 others	0	2	each	—	—
	Miss Etelka Cablkova and Miss Svehlova and other	—	—	—	100 each	—
1903	Milosch Pietor, editor	0	0	3	80	—	"Instigation" (§ 172), for publishing two Slovak poems.
	Dr. John Mudroň, advocate	0	0	5	40	„	§ 172
	J. Valášek, advocate and ex M.P.	1	0	0	1	Nyitra	"Instigation" during his candidature for Parliament.
	Dr. Rudolf Markovič, advocate.	0	5	0	500	Nyitra	}"Instigation." Court of second instance acquitted them, owing to proof of grave abuses on the part of the prosecu-tion in the lower court.
	Dr. Julius Markovič, doctor	0	2	0	200	„
	Rev. Ljudevit Culik, Lutheran pastor.	0	3	0	300	„
1904	Igor Hrušovsky	0	0	3	20	Pressburg	"Instigation."
	J. Babka, schoolmaster .	0	0	3	20	„	Do.
	Joseph Gregory Tajovský, official.	0	3	0	200	Beszterczebánya	He published an article in the Ludove Noviny, advocating the boycott of a Magyar theatrical company.
	Fr. Veselovský, advocate and ex M.P. (Tyrnau).	1	0	0	1	Nyitra	Instigation during Parliamentary elections.
	John Štrobl, printer (Turócz S.M.).	0	1	0	600	Budapest	§172.
	Stephen Svetský	0	3	0	1	Pressburg	Libel against official personage.
	Milan Hodža, M.P.	—	—	—	267	Budapest	For treating of politics in his newspaper, Slovensky Tyždenník, before the necessary cautionary money had been deposited.
	4 Slovak peasants, Kassa .	0	0	5	20 each	,,	"Instigation," incurred in resisting the introduction of a Magyar service in a Slovak church.
1905	Igor Hrušovský, journalist in Vágujhely.	0	1	0	500	Pressburg	Libel against an official. Purely political.
	Ditto.	—	—	—	500	Nyitra	Libel incurred through the Press.
	18 peasants (8 men, 10 women) from Pribilina.	0	0	215	869	Rózsahegy	Four were sentenced to 19 days, six to 1 5 days, seven women to 4 days, and one woman to 21 days. The fines (amounting to £36) were to be borne by all equally. The offence was excesses during the elections at Liptó.
	12 peasants from Pribilina and Kokava and	0	0	194	—	Rózsahegy	}Seven were sentenced to 21 days, one to 15 days, four to 8 days. The offence was excesses during the elections at Liptó.
	Martin Núdzik, peasant from Kokava.	0	3	0	300	„
	John Beňo, peasant from Pribilina.	0	4	0	—	„	Excess during the elections at Liptó. (In all 3 cases, all those convicted were Slovaks. The Magyar electors were left unpunished.)
1906.	10 peasants in Nagy-Bittse (Co. Trencsén) — One to	0	0	6	120	Nagy Bittse	(Total of 29 days and 470 crowns. The offence was disturbance at night in Nagy Bittse. Purely political.
	Seven to	0	0	3 each	50
	Two to	0	0	1 each	—
	Joseph Teslik (Szakolcza) .	0	0	5	150	Nyitra	"For illegally treating of politics in the Slovak newspaper Pokrok in Szakolcza.
	John Straka, carpenter (Kassa).	0	0	4	20	Eperjes	" Instigation against Magyar nationality."
	Miss Gizela Friedrichova (Rozsahegy)	0	0	14	—	Pressburg	Ditto
	J. Baňári (Zubrica, Co. Árva)	0	0	6	—	Rózsahegy	Ditto
	Rev. Ferdinand Juriga, M. P.	2	0	0	1,2	Pressburg	Ditto incurred in two articles against the Magyar Chauvinists.
	Rev. Andrew Hlinka, R.C. priest of Rózsahegy.	2	0	0	1,5	Rózsahegy	}Total of 5 years and 10 months' im-prisonment and fines of 8, 720 crowns. (See pp. 337-9.)
	Dr. Vávro Šrobár, doctor	1	0	0	900	,,
	Andrew Janček, manufacturer.	0	6	0	500	„
	Důro Greguš, baker .	0	5	0	200	_„
	Peter Cheben, peasant .	0	5	0	100	_„
	Rev. Joseph Tomik, R.C. priest of Revúca.	0	4	0	300	„
	Joseph Matašovský pea-	0	2	0	100	_„
	Joseph Janovec Janov sants	0	2	0	100	_„
	D. Novák in	0	2	0	100	„
	Joseph Vlkolinský Róz-	0	2	0	100	„
	M. Jesenský sahegy	0	2	0	100	,,
	John Lesko Kôra (Istebné)	0	3	0	—	„	} Total of 3 months and 294 days. Excesses during the elections at Alsó Kubin (under § 1 76 of Crim. Code).
	and 21 Slovak peasants from Liptó county.	0	0	14 each		„
	Joseph Levota	0	5	0	—	„	Electoral excesses (§176).
	14 Slovak peasants from Veterná Poruba (Liptó Co.) 1 man to	0	3¹/₂	0	—	„	}Electoral excesses at Liptó (§176). Total of 22¹/₂ months !
	1 man and 2 women to	0	3	0	—	„
	5 men and 5 women to	0	1	0	—	„
	5 Slovak peasants from Východná (Liptó Co.).	0	l	0 each		„	Electoral excesses at Liptó (§176). They beat a Magyar canvasser.
	6 Slovaks of Liptó St. Miklós						} Electoral excesses at Liptó (§176). Total of 1 8 months!
	4 to	0	4	0 each		„
	2 to	0	3	0 each		„
1907	Robert Švoch, Szakolcza	1	0	0	800	Pressburg	"Instigation" and laudatio criminis, incurred in articles in Ludove Noviny. Sentenced not to State prison, as is invariable in the case of political offences, but to common jail.
	20 Slovak boys and 3 girls from Vlkolinec.	—	—	—	—	Rózsahegy	Sentenced to 2 crowns or a day's arrest each, for a school strike.
	Martin Albíny, Rózsahegy	1	0	0	400	Pressburg	"Instigation," incurred in Ludove Noviny.
	8 peasants of Vlkolinec	—	—	—	—	Rózsahegy	Fined 1 crown each for refusing to send their children to the Magyar school.
	94 peasants of Csernova	—	—	—	—	„	Each fined 5 crowns or 1 day's arrest for school strike.
	Igor Hrušovsky (Vágujhely)	0	2	0	400	Nyitra	Libel against official honour, incurred in article in Povážské Noviny.
	2 peasants of Malaczka .	0	0	17	—	Malaczka	Demonstration against the Magyar candidate at the elections.
	Dušan Porubský, journalist in Budapest.	1	0	0	1,2	Budapest	"Instigation" incurred in article in Slovensky Tyždenník.
	ditto	0	1	0	100	„	Libel against official honour, in article.
	Ivan Pivko, proprietor, Kubin	0	0	14	50	Eperjes	"Instigation" incurred -as Parliamentary candidate in Girált.
	4 Slovaks of Neusatz — 2 to	0	0	8	20	Neusatz	Total 44 days and £1 135. 4d.
	2 to	0	0	14	20	„	"Instigation," incurred by resisting the introduction of the Magyar language into their church service.
	6 Slovak peasants of Láb .	—	—	—	50 each	Malaczka	Laudatio criminis, incurred by collecting voluntary gifts for the support of their imprisoned deputy, Father Juriga. Total, 300 kr. (£12 10s).
	Ignaz Polák, peasant	0	3	o	100	Budapest	"Instigation" in article in Národný Hlásnik.
	Rev. Andrew Hlinka	0	1	0	400	Rózsahegy	Libel against official honour, incurred in a remark made during his defence at the previous trial!
	Joseph Teslik, printer in Szakolcza.	0	0	14	200	Pressburg	"Instigation."
	22 peasants of Zohor (Co. Pressburg) .					„	Under §176. They set upon their priest and gave him a beating, because of his Magyar sentiments. Total sentence of 3 years and 6 months. For months after the incident military were quartered in the village as punishment.
	3 men and 5 women to	0	3	0	—	„
	6 women to	0	2	0	—	„
	4 women to	0	1	0	—	„
	4 women to	0	0	14	—	„
	3 peasants of Láb (Co. Press-burg)	0	3	0	each	„	Condemned to total of 9 months for Laudatio criminis, incurred by displaying Father Juriga's photograph in their windows, during the Corpus Christi procession.
	Paul Kulíšek Lutheran	0	0	15	200	Miava	}Sentenced ior permitting the school children to decorate their class-room with Croatian colours.
	Vladimir Lajda school-	0	0	15	200	_„
	Michael Šimonovič masters	0	0	15	200	_„
	11 Slovak peasants of Hruštín (Co. Arva).						Excesses at the elections in Also Kubin. The Slovak and Magyar electors indulged in a free fight.
	6 to
	0	2	—	443}	Rózsahegy
	5 to	0	0	14		,,	Only the Slovaks were prosecuted.
	7 Slovak peasants of Brezova	0	0	—	160 each	Miava	Condemned for carrying white banners at the elections in Verbó. Total of 1,120 crowns (£46 10s.).
	Stephen Gablík Kvantolik .	0	3	0		Trencsén	"Instigation" incurred in the violent abuse of a schoolmaster who beat a child till he drew blood, because it did not know its Magyar lesson.
	Milosch Pietor, journalist in Turócz S.M.	0	4	0	400	Budapest	"Instigation" in an article.
	5 Slovak peasants of Láb, each	0	1	0	100	Malaczka	Disturbance in a church. Denounced by their priest.
	Rev. Louis Hrdlička, Luther-ran pastor in Tótkomlós.	—	—	—	200	Lutheran Senioral court (804 crowns costs)	Condemned for their open and provocative national Slovak sentiments, e.g. for keeping a purely Slovak household and educating their children in similar sentiments. They were also deprived of their posts, but the higher Court modified this sentence.
	J. Styk, schoolmaster in Tótkomlós.	—	—	—	100	Lutheran Senioral court (804 crowns costs)
	Rev. Vladimir Hurban, Lutheran pastor in Pazova.	—	—	—	200	Budapest Senioral Court	For disciplinary offence, of a political nature.
	Rev, Rudolf Kocárek, R.C.priest.	—	— __	—	—	Pressburg	"Instigation." Acquitted, but counsel for prosecution appealed.

	Anton Mallý, peasant	0	1	0	—	„	Electoral excesses during the elections of May, 1906 (i.e. 18 months previously!).
	Helena Král, peasant	0	1	0	—	„
	Julius Šlachta, official, Rózsahegy.	1	0	0	1,2	„	" Instigation," incurred in article in Ludové Noviny.
1907	John Valášek, advocate, Miava	—	—	—	l000	Pressburg	Disciplinary fine im posed by Chamber of Advocates.
	Margaret Šipos	0	1	0	—	„	Laudatio criminis, incurred by praising Father Hlinka.
	J. Čaderna, workman, Pressburg.	—	—	—	235	„	"Instigation" incurred in article in Napred.
	J. Lehocký, Journalist, Pressburg.	0	2	0	600	„	"Instigation" incurred in article in Robotnícke Noviny (a Slovak Socialist newspaper).
	Fr. Polákovič, workman	0	7	0	400	Rózsahegy	"Instigation" incurred by singing a Slovak song in an inn. He was kept in prison for 3 months before trial.
							} Laudatio criminis. Publicly drank a toast to Father Juriga, M.P. The higher Court acquitted the priest, but condemned the advocate to a fine of £20 (500 crowns).
	Rev. J. Záhora, R.C. priest	0	1	0	—	Brezno
	Dr. M. Zibrin, advocate, Brezno.	0	1	0	—	"
	John Greguška, official	0	3	0	600	Budapest
	Gideon Turzó, proprietor	0	4	0	—	„	Laudatio criminis, incurred by publishing some verses in a Slovak comic paper Černokňažník, praising Father Hlinka and Dr. Srobar. Condemned, although at time of publication Hlinka had not yet been sentenced !
1908	Joseph Matúskovič, journalist, Szakolcza	0	4	0	400	Pressburg	Laudatio criminis and "instigation" in article in Ludové Noviny.
	John Greguška	0	5	0	1000		"Instigation" incurred in article in Slovenský Tyždenník (Sept. 13, 1907) entitled "Awake, ye Sleepers."
	Paul Cifersky, shoemaker apprentice, Pressburg.	0	5	0	500	Pressburg	"Instigation" incurred in Ludové Noviny
	Rev. Edward Sándorfi	0	2	0		„	Laudatio criminis incurred in Ludové Noviny (he described Father Juriga as a national martyr.)
	Stephen Tadlanek, Pressburg	0	4	0	400	„	"Instigation" incurred in Robotnícke Noviny.
	John Dlhoš	0	4	0	400	„	" Instigation" incurred in Zvolenské Noviny.
	Mrs. Anna Fulla, and 23 men and 17 women.	36	6	0	—	Rózsahegy	(See page 347.)
	John Bad'ula	1	0	0	1200	Budapest	''Instigation" incurred in 3 articles in Slovenský Tyždenník.
	Ferdinand Bulik	0	4	0	500		}The Kovačica (Antalfalva) Trial (see page 321).
	Martin Mikuš	0	4	0	500		Total of 6 years, 8 months and 5,980 crowns. 96 members of the con-gregation were brought to trial ; 61 of these, who had been kept in prison during the whole inquiry, were set at liberty.
	6 others (3 months each)	1	6	0	1200
	8 others (24 months each)	1	8	0	1400
	11 men and 5 women (2 months each).	2	8	0	2150
	3 others (1 month or 15 days each).	0	2	0	230
	Paul Ursin, carpenter's apprentice.	0	1	14	300		"instigation" in newspaper article.
	Rev. Andrew Hlinka	1	6	0	200		(See page 339.)
	Paul Cifersky	0	5	0	100		Article "The Violent Acts of Chauvinism."
	Andrew Obuch	0	3	0	300		Article "Gessler's Hat" in Narodnie Noviny .
	Vladimir Hurban	0	2	0	1200		For reproducing without comment in Národnie Noviny a translation of the Norwegian poet Björnson's article in Neue Freie Presse in December, 1907.
	Joseph Vachálek	0	3	0	60		Article in Robotnícké Noviny.
	Joseph Cipar	0	4	0	300		Article, "Violence in Self- Defence."
	Paul Cifersky	0	8	0	1200		Articles, "Sitting on Bayonets" and "A Hundred Meetings" in Sloven-sky Týždenník.
	Joseph Žak	0	2	0	—		For publication of article, "A Statistic of Our Sufferings" in Slovenský Obzor (see page 319).
	5 Slovak women from Lúčky	0	0	25	—		For Church disturbance, in connexion with boycott (see page 337).
	Joseph Pristupný	0	3	0	400		Article in Ludové Noviny.

[1] Based in the main upon statistics published in Slovenský Obzor, Vol. I. No. 7, and supplemented or checked by my own study of the lawcourts reports of the Magyar daily press.