Work Experience

1. President of Mubarak City for Scientific Research and Technology Application, Egypt.
2. Dean of Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Mubarak City for Scientific Research, Egypt.
3. Chairman Agricultural Microbiology Dept., NRC, Egypt.
   Visiting Professor at the International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA) 1989.
4. Professor of Microbiology, National Research Center, Dokki Cairo, Egypt Since 1978.
5. Principal investigator of US/BOSTID project on "Competitive relationships between indigenous and inoculant rhizobia nodulating soybean and lentils".
6. Principal investigator of US/Egypt NARP Project on " Application of Genetic engineering for constructing superior nitrogen fixing clover rhizobia and their performance and stability in Egyptian soils "
7. Associate Professor, NRC, 1973-1978
8. Research Scientist, NRC, 1967-1973
9. Research Assistant, NRC, 1962-1967
10. Teaching Assistant, Ain Shams University, 1961-1962

1. Fulbright Scholar (with Dr. M. Sadowsky), University of Minnesota, USA, (1993-1994): Research on molecular biology in Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF).
2. Visiting Scientist (with Dr. M. Saxena FLIP, ICARDA), Research on the characterization of lentil rhizobia, 1989.
3. Visiting Scientist (with Dr. H. Evans), Oregon State University, USA, 1988.
4. Visiting Scientist (with Dr. W. Lotz), Friedrich-Alexander Universitat, Erlangen, West Germany, 1987: Research on rhizobial ecology and training in molecular biology and molecular genetics techniques.
5. Visiting Researcher (with late Dr. B.B. Bohlool), University of Hawaii, 1980- 1981: Research on ecology of Leucaena rhizobia.
6. Postdoctoral Research Fellow (with Professor E. Schmidt), University of Minnesota, 1979-1980: Research in ecology of soybean rhizobia.