An Engineering Analysis - Santa Claus
An Engineering Analysis - Santa Claus
- No known species of reindeer can fly. But there are 300,000 species of
living organisms yet to be classified, and while most of these are insects and
germs, this does not completely rule out flying reindeer - which only Santa has
ever seen.
- There are 2 billion children (under 18) in the world. But since Santa
doesn't (appear to) handle the Muslim, Hindu, Jewish and Buddhist children,
thus reducing the workload to 15% of the total 378 million, according to
Population Reference Bureau. At an average (census) rate of 3.5 children per
household, that's 91.8 million homes. One presumes there's at least one good
child in each.
- Santa has 31 hours of Christmas to work with, thanks to the different time
zones and the rotation of the earth, assuming he travels East to West (which
seems logical). This works out to 822.6 visits per second. This is to say that
for each Christian household with good children, Santa has 1/1000th of a second
to park, hop out of the sleigh, jump down the chimney, fill the stockings,
distribute the remaining presents under the tree, eat whatever snacks have been
left, get back up the chimney, get back into the sleigh and move on to the next
house. Assuming that each of these 91.8 million stops are evenly distributed
around the earth (which, of course we know to be false but for the purpose of
our calculations we will accept), we are now talking about 0.78 miles per
household, a total trip of 75.5 million miles, not counting the stops to do
what most of us must do at least once every 31 hours, plus feeding and so forth.
This means that Santa's sleigh is moving at 650 miles per second, 3,000 times
the speed of sound. For purposes of comparison, the fastest man-made vehicle on
earth, the Ulysses space probe, moves at a pokey 27.4 miles per second, a
conventionally configured reindeer can run, tops, 15 miles per hour.
- The payload on the sleigh adds another interesting element. Assuming that
each child gets nothing more than a medium-sized Lego set (2 pounds), the
sleigh is carrying 321,300 tons, not counting Santa, who is invariably
described as overweight. On land, conventional reindeer can pull no more than
300 pounds. Even granting that "flying reindeer" (see point #1) could pull TEN
TIMES the normal amount, we cannot do the job with eight, or even nine. We need
214,200 reindeer. This increases gross weight, not even counting the sleigh, to
353,430 tons. Again, for comparison, this is 4x the weight of the Queen
Elizabeth.
- 353,000 tons traveling at 650 miles per second creates enormous air
resistance. This will heat the reindeer up in the same fashion as spacecraft
reentering the earth's atmosphere. The lead pair of reindeer will absorb 14.3
quintillion joules of energy, per second. In short, they will burst into flame
almost instantaneously, exposing the reindeer behind them, and create deafening
sonic booms in their wake. The entire reindeer team will be vaporized within
4.26 one-thousandths of a second. Santa, meanwhile, will be subjected to
centrifugal forces 17,500.06 times greater than gravity. A 250 pound Santa
(which seems ludicrously slim) would be pinned to the back of his sleigh by
4,315,015 pounds of force.
Conclusion - If Santa ever did deliver presents on Christmas Eve, he's
dead now.
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