Causes of pain in testicles
Rheumatoid Nodules The subcutaneous nodule is the most characteristic extra-articular lesion of the disease. causes of pain in testicles Joint replacement. Nodules occur in 20 to 30% of cases, almost exclusively in seropositive patients. They are located most commonly on the extensor surfaces of the arms and elbows but are also prone to develop at pressure points on the feet and knees. (slide) Rarely, nodules may arise in visceral organs, such as the lungs, the heart, or the sclera of the eye. causes of pain in testicles James colburn arthritis. (learn more about rheumatoid nodules in case report #6) (top of section) Cardiopulmonary Disease There are several pulmonary manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis, including pleurisy with or without effusion, intrapulmonary nodules, rheumatoid pneumoconiosis (Caplan's syndrome), diffuse interstitial fibrosis, and rarely, bronchiolitis obliterans pneumothorax. On pulmonary function testing, there commonly is a restrictive ventilatory defect with reduced lung volumes and a decreased diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide. Although mostly asymptomatic, of greatest concern is distinguishing these manifestations from infection and tumor. causes of pain in testicles Joints in motion. Pericarditis is the most common cardiac manifestation. (learn more about pulmonary complications in rheumatoid arthritis in case report #6)(top of section) Ocular Disease Keratoconjunctivitis of Sjogren's syndrome is the most common ocular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis. Sicca (dry eyes) is a common complaint. Episcleritis occurs occasionally and is manifested by mild pain and intense redness of the affected eye. Scleritis and corneal ulcerations are rare but more serious problems. (top of section) Neurologic Disease The most common neurologic manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis is a mild, primarily sensory peripheral neuropathy, usually more marked in the lower extremities. Entrapment neuropathies (e. g. , carpal tunnel syndrome and tarsal tunnel syndrome) sometimes occur in patients with rheumatoid arthritis because of compression of a peripheral nerve by inflamed edematous tissue. Cervical myelopathy secondary to atlantoaxial subluxation is an uncommon but particularly worrisome complication potentially causing permanent, even fatal neurologic damage. (top of section) Felty's Syndrome Felty's syndrome is nowadays a rare complication of rheumatoid arthritis and is characterized by splenomegaly, and leukopenia - predominantly granulocytopenia. Recurrent bacterial infections and chronic refractory leg ulcers are the major complications. (top of section) Rheumatoid Vasculitis The most common clinical manifestations of vasculitis are small digital infarcts along the nailbeds. The abrupt onset of an ischemic mononeuropathy (mononeuritis multiplex) or progressive scleritis is typical of rheumatoid vasculitis. The syndrome ordinarily emerges after years of seropositive, persistently active rheumatoid arthritis; however, vasculitis may occur when joints are inactive.
Causes of pain in testicles
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