과거완료 (Past perfect)

1. 과거완료 (Past peprfect)

  1)  과거완료는 과거 시간 이전에 있었던 일을 말할 때 사용한다.
       (When we talk about things before this past time, we use the past perfect.)

       Min-soo and I had been to a party the evening before.

  2) 다음의 예들은 과거완료를 나타내는 말들이다.

       It was twenty to six. Most of the shops had just closed.

       I went to the box office at lunch-time, but they had already sold all the tickets.

       By 1960 most of Britain's old colonies had become independent.

 3) 행위동사와 같이 상태동사들도 과거완료를 나타낼 수 있다.

       I felt better by the summer, but the doctor warned me not to do too much. I'd been very ill.

      The news came as no surprise to me. I'd known for some time that the factory was likely to close.

2. 형태 (From)

 1)  과거완료는 had + 과거분사 이다.
 
      He had enjoyed the party. 또는 He'd enjoyed the party.

     They hadn't gone to bed until late.      Where had he put his wallet ?

2) 불규칙 동사는 별도로 정해져 있으니 찾아서 활용하는 것이 좋다.

3. 현재완료와 과거완료 (Present perfect and past perfect)

    현재완료 (지금 이전: before now)                    과거완료 (그 때 이전: before then)
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   My wallet isn't here. I've left it behind.              My wallet wasn't there. I'd left it behind.

   The match is over. Korea have won.               The match was over. Korea had won.

   That man looks familiar. I've seen him             The man looked familiar. I'd seen him 
              somewhere before.                                          somewhere before.
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