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Table of Contents - Indian Evidence Act, 1872


Table of Contents - Public Servant & Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988

Aricle No.
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Sections Covered Subject dealt with
One 2 & 4

Introduction & Definitions

Two 5 to 28

Of the Relevancy of Facts (or what Facts may or may not be proved); By whom Admissions must be Made?; When oral admissions as to contents of a document are relevant?; When admissions in civil cases are relevant?; Relevancy of Confessions; What is the Meaning of Confession? When is a Confession Statement Relevant?; What is the Law for Confessions Made to A Police Officer?;

Three 29 to 55

The Confession Made In Some Special Circumstances; Estoppel; Statements by Persons who cannot be called as Witness;Statements Made under Special Circumstances; Judgement of Courts of Justice when Relevant; Opinions of Third Persons When Relevant; Character when Relevant.

Four 56 to 64

On Proof - What kind of proof is to be given of those facts?; Facts which need not be proved; Proof Of Facts By Oral Evidence; Documentary Evidence;Primary evidence;Secondary Evidence;Cases In Which Secondary Evidence Relating To Documents May Be Given;

Five 65 to 78

On Proof (contd); Provisions of Evidence Relating to Electronic Record; Filing Secondary Evidence; Proof Documents - Proof Of Signature And Handwriting; Proof as To Digital Signature; Proof of Execution Of Documents Required by law to be Attested; Proof When No Attesting Witness Found; Admission by Party to Attested Document; Proof When Attesting Witness Denies The Execution;Proof Of Document Not Required By Law To Be Attested; Comparison Of Signature, Writing Or Seal With Others Admitted Or Proved; Proof Of Verification Of Digital Signature; Public Documents, Private Documents; Proof Of Documents by Production of Certified Copies; Proof of Other Official Documents;

Six 79 to 90

Presumption as to Documents; Presumption as to Genuineness of Certified Copies; Presumption as to Documents Produced as Records of Evidence; Presumption As To Gazette In Electronic Forms; Presumption As To Maps And Plans Made On The Authority Of Government; Presumption As To Collection Of Laws And Reports And Decisions;Presumption As To Power-Of-Attorney;Presumption As To Electronic Agreements; Presumption As To Electronic Records And Digital Signatures; Presumption As To Digital Signature Certificates; Presumption to Certified Copies of Foreign Judicial Records; Presumption As To Books, Maps And Charts;Presumption as to Telegraphic Messages;Presumption as to Electronic Messages;Presumption as to Due Execution etc. of Documents Not Produced; Presumption as to Documents Thirty Years Old;Presumption As To Electronic Records Five Years Old.

Seven 91 to 100

Of the Exclusion of Oral by Documentary Evidence;Evidence of Terms of Contract, Grants and Other Depositions of Property Reduced to Form of Document; Exclusion of Evidence or Oral Agreement; Exclusion of Evidence to Explain or Amend Ambiguous Document; Exclusion of Evidence against Application of Document to Existing Facts; Evidence as to Documents Unmeaning In Reference To Existing Facts; Evidence as to Application of Language which can Apply to One only of Several Persons; Evidence as to Application of Language to one of two Sets of Facts, to neither, of which the Whole Correctly Applies; Evidence as to Meaning of Illegible Characters Etc;Who may give Evidence of Agreement of Varying Terms of Document;Saving the Provision of Indian Succession Act Relating to Wills;

Eight 101 to 117

Production and Effect of Evidence (How is it to be proved?); Burden of Proof; On whom Burden of Proof Lies; Burden of Proof As To Particular Facts; Burden Of Proving Fact to be Proved to Make Evidence Admissible; Burden of Proving that the Case of Accused Comes within Exceptions;Burden Of Proving Fact Especially Within Knowledge; Burden of Proving Death of Person Knowing to have been Alive within 30 Years; Burden of Proving that The Person is Alive Who had not been Heard of for Seven Years; Burden of Proof as to Relationship in the Cases of Partners, Landlord and Tenant, Principal and Agent; Burden of Proof as to Ownership; Proof Good Faith in Transactions where one is in Relation of Active Confidence; Presumption as to Certain Offences; Birth During Marriage, Conclusive Proof of Legitimacy; Presumption As to Abetment of Suicide by a Married Woman; Presumption as to Dowry Death; Court May Presume Existence of Certain Facts; Estoppel; Estoppel of Tenant, and of Licensee of Person in Possession; Estoppel Of Acceptor Of Bill Of Exchange, Bailee Or Licensee;

Nine 118 to 134

Of Witnesses; Who May Testify; Dumb Witness;Parties To Civil Suit And Their Wives Or Husbands - Husband or Wife of Person Under Criminal Trial; Judges And Magistrates; Communications During Marriage; Evidence To Affairs To State; Official communication; Information as to Commission of Offences; Professional Communications; Privilege Not Waived By Volunteering Evidence; Confidential Communication With Legal Advisers; Production Of Title Deeds Of Witness Not A Party; Production Of Documents Or Electronic Records Which Another Person Having Possession, Could Refuse To Produce; Witness Not Excused From Answering On Ground That Answer Will Criminate; Accomplice; Number Of Witness

Ten 135 to 142

Of The Examination Of Witnesses; Order Of Production & Examination Of Witness; Judge To Decide As To Admissibility Of Evidence; Rules Regarding For The Examination For The Witnesses In The Court; Leading Questions; When Leading Questions May Not Be Asked;

Eleven 143 to 154

Of The Examination Of Witnesses (contd); Evidences to Matters in Writing; Cross Examination As To Previous Statements In Writing; Questions Lawful In Cross Examination; When Witness to be Compelled to Answer?; Court to Decide when Question Shall not be Asked and When Witness Compelled to Answer?; Questions Not To Be Asked Without Reasonable Grounds; Procedure of Court in case of Question being asked Without Reasonable Ground; Indecent and Scandalous Questions; Questions Intended to Insult Or Annoy; Exclusion Of Evidence To Contradict Answers To Questions Testing Veracity; Question by Party to His Own Witness.

Twelve 155 to 167

Of The Examination Of Witnesses (contd); The Meaning of the Hostile Witness; Impeaching Credit of a Witness; Questions Tending to Corroborate Evidence of Relevant Fact, Admissible; Former Statement of Witness may be Proved to Corroborate Later Testimony as to the Same Effect; What Matters may be Proved in Connection with Proved Statement Relevant under Section 32 Or 33; Refreshing Memory; Testimony to Facts Stated in Document Mentionedin Section; Right of Adverse Party as to Writing Used to Refresh Memory; Production of Documents; Translation of Documents; Giving as Evidence, of Documents Called for and Produced on Notice; Using, as Evidence, of Document, Production of which was Refused on Notice; Judge's Power to Put Questions or Order Production; Power of Jury or Assessors to Put Questions; Of Improper Admission and Rejection of Evidence;

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