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Glossary
A
A, in Hindi language,
means "without", so
A-Dharm means that is not Dharm, Dharm means actions to be done
A-Gyaan means where there is no Gyaan (knowledge)
A-Kshar means that is not Kshar (perishable) (15/16)
A-Paraa means that is not Paraa (Jeev or consciousness) (7/4-5)
A-Sat means that is not Sat (truth)
A-Vidyaa means that is not Vidyaa (knowledge or light)
Aadi
The earliest. The first.
Aaditya
Abhyaas
Yog
Hearing, singing,
thinking about, Jaap, reading of Bhagavaan's name and qualities repeatedly is
called Abhyaas Yog.
Adhyaatm
Gyaan (Vidyaa)
By whichever Gyaan one can know what is Aatmaa (soul) and what is Paramaatmaa
like issues, is called Adhyaatm Gyaan.
Ahankaar
Ashwinee
Kumaar
Twin sons of Soorya.
Traditional doctor of Devtaa.
Brahm
Vidyaa see Adhyaatm Gyaan
Buddhi
Buddhi has no single
word in English language, it may be expressed as the combination of intellect,
knowledge and wisdom etc qualities. It is mainly the ability to discriminate,
decide and judge between good and bad, what to do and what not to do etc like
issues.
Chaandaal
The lowest caste in
India. There are four Varn well known - Braahman, Kshatriya, Vaishya, and
Shoodra. But there is one more category which is even lower than Shoodra, that
is Chaandaal. People do not sit with them, do not touch them. Burning the ead
body, and execution of life sentence are usually done by Chaandaal.
Dhaaran
Holding. Retention. Maintaining.
Dhriti
Steadiness. Firmness. Firmness of mind. Satisfaction.
Form of This
World - 15/3
Form of This World
- Whatever form of this world has been desscribed in Shaastra, it is not found
after obtaining the Tattwa Gyaan (see Tattwa below). There is great difference
between the two. It is similar to that as the environment of dream is not seen
after one has awakened from the sleep.
No Beginning - "Neither it has a beginning" means "nobody
knows since when it got started".
No End - "Nor it has an end", means nobody knows when it will
end.
Nor it Exists Properly - Means that it is short-lived, and mortal.
Vairaagya Weapon - All pleasures till Brahm Lok are short-lived and
mortal, that is why to leave these pleasures is called Vairaagya (detachment).
Cutting the Roots - Thinking like this about the world, abandoning pride,
attachment and lustful desires roots is cutting the world tree roots.
Four Types
of Food
There are four types of food - (1) Bhakshya - which is chewed, like Chapaatee;
(2) Bhojya - which is swallowed, like milk; (3) Lehya - which is licked, such as
chutney; (4) Choshya - which is sucked, such as sugar cane, mango.
Gudaakesh
Krishn's another name.
Gun
Vibhaag and Karm Vibhaag - 3/28
Vibhaag means sections. The three Gunee Maayaa's
(1) five Mahaa Bhoot (fire, air, earth, water, sky),
(2) mind,
(3) Buddhi (intellect),
(4) Ahankaar,
(5) five Gyaan Indriyaan (eyes, ears, tongue, nose, skin)
(6) five Karm Indriyaan (hands, feet, tongue, anus, reproduction organs)
(7) five subjects [of five Gyaan Indriyaan] - sound (Shabd), sight, taste, smell,
touch
combined are called Gun Vibhaag. Their actions are called Karm Vibhaag.
Gunaateet - 14/21-27
A compound word. Gun
(attributes) and Ateet (beyond), means who is beyond Gun, or who is not affected
by Gun. There are three Gun - Sat, Raj, and Tam. Sat Gun produces Gyaan, Raj Gun
inspires for actions and Tam Gun makes a man ignorant. When these three Gun do
not affect a person, he is called Gunaateet.
Gyaan
Vigyaan - 6/8, 7/2
Gyaan
Yog
All the three Gun (Sat, Raj, and Tam), created by Maayaa are found in
everything. Knowing thus, when one is becomes one with Paramaatmaa without any
ego of doer of all actions performed by mind, Indriyaan and body, that is called
Sanyaas, or Gyaan Yog, or Saankhya Yog.
Gyaan
Yogee
Gyaan Yogee is he who attains Brahm (God) through Gyaan (knowledge). But no path -
Karm Yog or Saankhya Yog, requires to abandon Karm in any way.
Gyaanee
Learned. Knowledgeable. Who has attained Brahm knowledge.
Hrisheekesh
Krishn's another name.
Jagannivaas
Another name of Bhagavaan. Jagan+Nivaas means in whom the Universe resides.
Kaam
Kaam means desire, it may be for anything - woman, son, child, wife, wealth,
property, victory over enemy etc. Sa-Kaam means "with desire", and
Nish-Kaam means "without any desire [of fruit]". Karm (action or
effort) done to get some result or to fulfill some desire is called Sa-Kaam Karm,
while a Karm done without any desire is called Nish-Kaam Karm.
Karan
It includes these 13 - Buddhi, Ahankaar, mind, five Gyaan Indriyaan, five Karm
Indriyaan.
Karm,
A-Karm, Vi-Karm
-
4/17
These three terms have appeared in 4/17, and have been explained in
4/18-23.
Karm Yog
When a person performs any action without any attachment, it is called Nish-Kaam
Karm Yog. The same is called by several names - Karm Yog, Samatwa Yog, Buddhi Yog, Karm
Yog, Tadarth Karm, Madarth Karm, Matkarm etc.
Karm Yogee
Who follows Karm Yog
is called Karm Yogee.
Kshetra and Kshetragya -
13/1
Kshetra is body, and who knows it by its Tattwa (elements) is Kshetragya.
Madhyasth
- 6/9
Who wishes good for both sides.
Mahaatman
Mahaa means great, Aatman means soul, so Mahaatman means great soul, pure, clean
and pious people are called Mahaatmaa or Mahaatman.
Marut Gan
They are 49 in number and are Kashyap and Aditi's sons
Muni
Who always meditates on
Paramaatmaa.
Nir-Gun
Nir means "not"; and Gun means attribute, thus Nir-Gun means without
any attributes - form, shape, color etc.
Nish
Nish means
"not". When added to any word it means "without" it -
Nish-Kaam means
without desire,
Nish-Kaam
Karm Yog see Karm Yog
Nish-Karm means where there is no Karm. Where a person's all Karm become A-Karm, means do not yield any results, that
state is called Nish-Karm
Nishthaa
When a person worships Bhagavaan and reaches at the top of its heights, it is
called Nishthaa.
Note 18/17
As any Hinsaa (violence) of any living being done by fire, air and water is not
called Hinsaa; in the same way if anybody doesn't have the pride of his body and
his all actions are selfless and for the good of the world, if any killing is
done by him then it is not considered as Hinsaa (killing). Because when there is
no attachment, selfishness and egoism in a person, killing is not possible by
him. And if any Karm is done without the pride of "I did it", it is A-Karm
in reality, that is why that person is not bound to its Paap (sin). (go to Chap
18)
Note 18/30
(1) As king Janak, leading a family life, by abandoning fruit and attachment
with pure Buddhi, behaved that is called Pravritti path.
(2) As Shuk Dev Jee and Sanakaadi Muni wander, detached from the world,
abandoning the pride of one's body, meditating only on Paramaatmaa, that is
called Nivritti path. (go to Chap
18)
Param Gati
Param means the
highest, and Gati means state. To unite with Paramaatmaa is the highest state of
an individual soul. (see also 8/20-21)
Pleasures and Enjoyments - 15/2
Pleasures and Enjoyments - Sound, touch, form, taste and smell - these
five are said "new leaves" because they are subtler than the physical
body and the five Gyaan Indriyaan.
Yoni (species) Branches - The main branch is Brahmaa and all Devtaa,
human beings and Tiryak Yoni beings have appeared from him only, that is why all
those Yoni are called branches only.
Roots - The reason to call Ahankaar (pride), attachment, and lustful
desires as roots to bind this Jeev only in Manushya Yoni (human species)
according to his Karm, is that the Jeev only suffers or enjoys only the fruits
of his Karm in other Yoni; while in Manushya Yoni, he can do new Karm also.
Poshan
Nurturing.
Prakriti
Nature. Three Gunee Maayaa (illusion) which is His power and by which He creates
this world.
Purush
Paramaatmaa. God.
Rudra
Sa-Kaam Karm
Sa means with, and Kaam means desire, thus Sa-Kaam means an action done with the
desire of something.
Saankhya Yog
see Gyaan Yog
Saankhya
Yogee
Who follows Saankhya
Yog or Gyaan Yog.
Saatwik Daan
In whichever country, at whichever time, whatever thing is in scarce, giving the
same to the needy people is called Saatwik Daan.
Samadarshee
To see everybody like
oneself is seeing Sam. Who sees and behaves like this he is called Samadarshee.
Samatwa Buddhi
In which the mind treats everything as same - pleasure-sorrow, day and night,
heat and cold, poverty and prosperity, dust and gold, friend and enemy etc.
Sanaatan
Always present. Eternal.
Sankalp - 6/2,
10/6
(1)
Intention. To vow to do
something or give something. Thus Sankalp is related to some kind of Karm to be
done now or in future. This in turn shows that the person who has taken any Sankalp is
still interested in world.
(2) To intend to do something. When Bhagavaan intended to create people, He just
thought about them, and they appeared.
Sanyaas
see also Gyaan Yog
Sanyaas is the third Aashram (stage) of life in a human being's life after Brahmcharya and Grihasth.
In this stage one detaches himself from worldly things and responsibilities, and
devotes most of his time in worshipping and meditating on Paramaatmaa.
Sanyaasee
see also Gyaan Yogee
Who follows Sanyaas
behavior, he is called Sanyaasee. Whoever follows such life, even without being in that
Aashram, he is also called Sanyaasee.
Shauch
Cleanliness of inside and outside. A material is cleaned by pure and truthful
behavior. Food earned by such behavior is called clean food. Appropriate conduct
with everybody cleans one's own conduct. Water, soil etc clean outside body.
These are called the purifier or cleaners of inside body. When one's internal
impurities - love, jealousy, cheating etc are destroyed and his heart becomes
clean, it is called internal cleanliness.
Shraddhaa
Shraddhaa is a
mixture of several things - devotion, trust, faithfulness, love.
Sthirbuddhi
Whose mind is stable
in all duals - happiness and sorrows, profit and loss, birth and death etc, such
man is called Sthirbuddhi.
Sthitpragya Purush - 2/55-61
There
is an immense importance given to this Sthipragya Purush (man) in Geetaa, because this is the
first step to be free from Karm bondage. This is the same as Samatwa Buddhi
(alikeness
minded) person. Because the "stable mind" can be achieved
only by feeling alike in all dualities - sorrows and happiness, profit and loss,
birth and death etc.
He is
called Sthirbuddhi too. Sthirbuddhi means whose mind is stable in all
conditions, it is not affected by the dualities
of the world - such as pleasure and sorrow, profit and loss, benefit and harm,
birth and death, etc. This is because, as soon as one is indulged in any of these
situations, he
is bound to Karm, and as soon as he is bound to Karm, he is sure to take birth
to enjoy the fruits of his Karm, good or bad.
Suhrid - 6/9
Who does good to everybody with selfless mind.
Tap
To be clean by following one's Dharm and conduct, and controlling Indriyaan is
called Tap or Tapasyaa.
Tapaswee
Who does Tap.
Tapasyaa see Tap
Tattwa
(Elements)
To know
that the soul is separate from Gun Vibhaag and Karm Vibhaag, is to know about
Tattwa; and the knowledge about this is called Tattwa Gyaan.
Udaaseen - 6/9,
9/9
(1) Indifferent, who does not favor anybody. (2) Who does the Karm with the feeling of existence only, not with the
feeling of doer, he is called Udaaseen.
Vaikalya
Mistakes. Lack.
Vasu
There are eight Vasu. They are the sons of Daksh's daughter Vasu.
Vigyaan
see Gyaan Vigyaan
Vikaar
Impurity.
Vreehi
Dhaan. Rice.
World Tree
"Oordhwa-Moolam" - Oordhwa means upward, Moolam means root. The
first Purush Vaasudev is said to be Oordhwa-Moolam because of being endless,
being Aashraya of everything, and living in the uppermost Lok. Only He is the
cause of this world tree, that is why this world tree is called Oordhwa-Moolam.
Because a tree starts from its roots and normally roots are at the bottom, but
in this case the roots of world tree are at the top that is why it is called
"Oordhwa-Moolam".
"Adhah-Shaakham" - Adhah means downward, and Shaakham means
branches. Normally branches grow upward, but here, this world tree branches are
growing downward as its first branch Brahmaa springs up downward and he lives
just below Vaasudev's Lok. For the same reason Hiranyagarbh Brahmaa is not
called Parameshwar but Adhah. Only he is the main branch of this world tree
because of expanding this world. Since this world expands downward, that is why
it is called "Adhah-Shaakham".
A-Vinaashee - The root cause of this tree is Paramaatmaa who is immortal
and has been continuing since, that is why He is called A-Vinaashee.
Ved - Because of having appeared from the main branch of this world tree
(Brahmaa), to protect and grow this world tree through Yagya etc Karm, and to
grace this world tree, Ved are called its leaves.
Knower of the Meaning of the Ved - Appeared from the Yog Maayaa of
Bhagavaan, this world is short-lived, mortal and sorrowful; that is why not
thinking about it one should think about Parameshwar only and knowing and
understanding thus is to know Ved.
Yagya or
Havan
With reference to 4/24-28, normally Yagya means doing
Havan in which a fire is made and some material is put into that fire. Thus
there is a doer, there is fire in which things are burned or sacrificed, and
there are things which are to be burned or sacrificed. But there is another
meaning of Yagya or Havan. When one sacrifices something, or leaves something
that is also called Yagya because in this way some kind of comfort is
sacrificed. It is more especially related to a favorite thing, for example if
somebody loves to watch TV, and if he quits watching TV, that means that he has
done the Yagya of TV - symbolically he has put TV in the fire of his one Indriya
(eyes). In the same way if somebody controls his all Indriyaan, it means that he
has done Yagya (burned or sacrificed) of all subjects of his all Indriyaan.
Yogee
Yogee is he who attains Brahm through Karm. But no path - Karm Yog or Saankhya Yog,
requires to abandon Karm in any way.
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