Symptoms |
|
Positive |
Negative |
delusions
(may be paranoid) |
blunt
affect/ little emotion |
hallucinations
(mostly auditory) |
reduced
motivation, energy, level of functioning |
disordered
thought, speech and behavior |
poor
social skills, difficulty forming friendships |
decreased
problem solving skills |
High Potency |
Low Potency |
Atypical |
Hadol |
Thorazine |
Clozaril |
Stelazine |
Mellaril |
|
Trilafon |
Loxitane |
|
Navane |
Moban |
Acute
Dystonic Reaction (medical emergency) |
occurs
hours or days after initiating treatment in 1 to 8% of patients, especially
young men sudden
painful muscle spasms, especially in the head and neck, causing protruding
tongue (with drooling), fixed gaze and possible airway compromise because of
spasmed larynx |
Parkinsonian
Syndrome |
resembles
Parkinson’s, occurs in up to 1/3 of patients tremor
(esp. of hands), decreased expression, slowed movement, rigid extremities,
shuffling gait |
Akathisia |
up
to 75% of patients develop mild akathisia restlessness,
physical agitation, inability to sit still |
Akinesia |
occurs
weeks after initiating treatment decrease
in spontaneous movement and apathy |
Tardive
Dyskinesia (TD) |
occurs
after long-term treatment with antipsychotics (up to 70% will have mild TD) involuntary,
purposeless movements, including grimacing, chewing, lip smacking and
writhing movements in the extremities |
Neuroleptic
Malignant Syndrome (medical emergency) |
rigid
immobile posture, high fever, tachycardia, dyspnea, diaphoresis |
Other
side effects |
low
BP, urinary retention, sedation and dry mouth |
Drugs used to treat
side-effects |
|
Cogentin |
Levodopa |
Artane |
Valium |
Benadryl |
Ativan |
Kemadrin |
Parlodel |
Inderal |