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Sanskaar
There are three
meanings of Sanskaar in Hindoo Religion.
(1) Perfecting - Whatever basic habits are formed in very childhood are
also called Sanskaar in
later years, e.g. "If parents keep the foundation of good Sanskaar
in a child, he will become a good man in later years."
(2) Purifying.
(3) Ceremonies for sanctifying. According to Paaraskar there are 13,
according to Manu Smriti there are 12 and according to Aashwalaayan
there are 11 such ceremonies, some of which have become obsolete. There
are only 6 ceremonies which still are performed by most people.
Although
there are 48 Sanskaar in all, but 16 Sanskaar are principal Sanskaar or say
religious rites of a person since his birth till death at time to time, such as - (1) Conception (Garbhaadhaan) Sanskaar (as soon as the conception is known)
(2) Punsavan (Milk) (performed in 3rd month)
(3) Vedic Rites (Seemantnayan - performed in 6th month)
--(4) Janm or Jaatkarm Sanskaar (at the time of birth)
--(5) Naamkarn Sanskaar (Nishkraman - after some time of birth - shown to Soorya),
--(6) Nishkraman Sanskaar - Taking the child outdoors first time.
--(7) Annpraashan Sanskaar (When a child is given cooked grains for the first time)
--(8) Mundan (Choodaakaran) Sanskaar - in this all first hair (hair of birth) of head are shaved.
--(9) Karn Chhedan
Sanskaar - In this the child's ear are pierced. It is done normally in the
3rd or 5th years of age.
--(10) Yagyopaveet or Upanayan Sanskaar (in which Yagyopaveet or Sacred Thread is given to
child and he is sent to Guru) - see also Upanayan
(11) Vedaarambh or Study of Ved (sometimes the 10th and 11th Samskaar are done together
and sometimes at some interval)
--(12) Samaavartan Sanskaar - Completing the education. Although
now-a-days education is never complete but it is performed when a basic
education is completed.
--(13) Vivaah Sanskaar (marriage ceremony)
(14) Sarv Sanskaar - Preparing for Renunciation.
(15) Sanyaas (Avasthaa Dhyaan) - Renouncing.
--(16) Daah Sanskaar (Antyeshti) - last rites.
These Sanskaar are described in
detail in Grihyasootra (see also Sootra).
The Sanskaar which have two dashes (--) before them are now-a-days the
main Sanskaar in use; others are not.
Whatever
actions we do in our previous lives, their fruits are also called Sanskaar.
When a person behaves in a certain way without teaching it, then it is
said that "his Sanskaar are like that".
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