Neckshoulder arm pain
(top of page) Definitions of Quality of Life Many terms are used interchangeably (e. neckshoulder arm pain Arthritis-msm. g. , quality of life, health status, health-related quality of life) to discuss the effect of diseases, such as arthritis, on functioning and sense of well-being. At the broadest level, quality of life refers not only to health status, but also to environmental and economic factors (e. neckshoulder arm pain Left arm shoulder pain. g. , income, educational attainment) that can substantially influence well-being. Thus, different conceptual frameworks guide how quality of life is defined and measured(6). neckshoulder arm pain Early symptoms of arthritis. For example, investigators who are interested in the evaluation of the quality of medical care outcomes tend to place greater emphasis on the development of measures that focus on overall well-being. In contrast, those operating from a medical ethics perspective tend to develop measures assessing the importance that an individual places upon his/her quality of life. As a result, there are hundreds of tests purporting to measure different aspects of quality of life(7). However, when the focus is on the impact of a disease or medical condition on functional health status and well-being as perceived and reported by the patient, health-related quality of life (HRQL) generally is considered the most appropriate aspect of quality of life for investigation. HRQL encompasses emotional, physical, social and subjective feelings of well being that reflect an individual's subjective evaluation and reaction to his/her illness. (top of page) Why Assess HRQL? Traditionally, outcomes in medicine and health care have largely been determined by the objective medical evaluation (e. g. , measurable changes in health parameters, disease status, cost of care). Increasingly, it has become clear that the perspective of the patient is also a critical variable. As a result, emphasis has shifted gradually toward including evaluations of medical/health-related outcomes from the patient's perspective. Such assessments potentially are of use to clinicians, researchers, administrators, and policy makers since they offer a profile of the current state of an individual who is experiencing a particular illness or chronic disease. This provides additional information beyond that offered by traditional medical and clinical measures, and, thus is valuable in helping to understand the wide variability in individual responses to similar conditions. For example, some individuals with severe arthritis remain active in their work and social relationships, while others with the same or lesser degree of arthritis become virtually housebound and isolated. HRQL measures are also valuable in evaluating the effects of treatment, as well as the cost effectiveness of treatments. It seems particularly appropriate to measure HRQL in arthritis patients because the chronic debilitating nature of this disease likely takes a considerable toll on HRQL. If this is indeed the case, and it appears to be (5), then the assessment of HRQL in arthritis patients is critical because this chronic disease does not typically cause death, but has a substantial effect on health, fitness, and physical, emotional, and social functioning. Therefore, HRQL is likely to be a good indicator of both the global effects of arthritis on a patient's life, as well as the effects of treatment. (top of page) How is HRQL Measured? There are two basic approaches to measuring HRQL. The first involves the use of generic instruments that measure broad aspects of HRQL.
Neckshoulder arm pain
Relief || Joint-chief-of-staff || Arthritis-in-hands || Neckshoulder arm pain