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Circumcision Not Associated With Reduced Risk virus scanner trials Of HIV For Men Who Have Sex With Men
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Circumcision Not Associated With Reduced Risk Of HIV For Men Who Have Sex With Men
ScienceDaily (Oct. 14, 2008) An analysis of previous research indicates there is a lack of sufficient evidence that circumcision reduces the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or other sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men, according free online virus removal to a new buy virus article.
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Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted with men in Africa have shown that male circumcision reduces the likelihood of female-to-male transmission of HIV infection by 50 percent to 60 percent. blood test for herpes virus Studies also suggest that male circumcision may protect heterosexual men against other sexually transmitted infections (STI), such as syphilis or chlamydial infection, according to background information in the article. Less is known about whether circumcision provides protection against HIV infection among men virus life cycle lesson plans who have sex with men (MSM).
Gregorio A. Millett, M.P.H., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, and colleagues performed a meta-analysis of 15 studies to examine the association of circumcision status with HIV infection and other STIs among MSM. The studies included a total of free download avg anti virus 53,567 MSM participants (52 percent of whom were circumcised).
The researchers found that the odds of being HIV-positive were nonsignificantly lower among MSM who were circumcised than uncircumcised. In contrast, antivir free anti virusa statistically significant protective association of circumcision human virus treatments with HIV infection was found for MSM studies conducted prior to the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treatment for stomach virus in 1996. Of studies conducted after HAART, the association of circumcision and HIV infection was not statistically significant. "A possible explanation for [these differences] may be related to an increase in the sexual risk behaviors of MSM after HAART. It has been well documented that beliefs that HAART limits HIV transmissibility are associated with increases in sexual risk behavior among MSM, and that the era since the advent of HAART has been defined by higher rates of sexual risk behaviors among MSM, outbreaks of STIs, and increasing rates of HIV infection," the authors write. Among MSM who primarily engaged in insertive anal sex, the association between male circumcision and HIV was protective but not statistically significant. The STI analyses similarly revealed no statistically significant association by circumcision status among MSM. "Taken together, these findings indicate insufficient evidence among available virus classroom activities observational studies conducted with MSM of an association between circumcision and HIV infection or other STIs," the researchers write. "Additional studies are necessary to elucidate further the relationship between circumcision status and HIV infection or STIs among MSM." Editorial: Circumcision and HIV Prevention Among Men Who Have Sex With Men - No Final Word In an accompanying editorial, Sten H. polymuloma virus Vermund, M.D., Ph.D., and Han-Zhu Qian, M.D., Ph.D., of Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn., write that only future research can answer whether MSM should be circumcised to reduce their HIV risk. "The meta-analysis by Millett et free vista virus protection al is likely to be used by both advocates and detractors of clinical trial investment; some will argue the benefit is likely to be too modest to justify a multimillion dollar clinical trial while others will argue that only a clinical trial will answer this important HIV prevention Virus Classification question. Barriers to circumcision The Bug Virus among heterosexual men include human rights issues, ethical and legal issues, high cost, fear of pain, Completely Free Anti Virus Software safety concerns, availability of surgery services, and sexual risk compensation if men overrate their degree of protection and ongoing risk. As in other HIV prevention trials, circumcision would likely be insufficiently efficient to be universally effective in reducing HIV risk, and will have to be combined with other prevention modalities to have a substantial and sustained prevention effect." Adapted from materials provided by JAMA and Archives Journals. Need to cite this story in your essay, paper, or report? Use one of the following formats: APA MLA Related Stories Circumcision Safe In Both HIV-infected And HIV-uninfected Men, virus definition Study Finds (June 4, 2008) Adult circumcision is safe in HIV-infected men without advanced HIV disease, according to research in PLoS Medicine. Analyzing results of two clinical trials of circumcision in the rural Rakai ... > read more Should Adult Male Circumcision Be Recommended For HIV Prevention In The US? (July 26, 2007) shutdown virus Three clinical trials in Africa found that adult male circumcision reduced the risk of men acquiring HIV infection from heterosexual sex by 51-60 percent. While adult male circumcision may also have ... > read more 1 In 3 HIV Positive Gay Men Report Unprotected Sex (May 1, 2007) More than one in three HIV positive gay men say they have unprotected sex, reveals a community survey, published in the journal Sexually Transmitted Infections. And almost one in five HIV negative ... > read more Different HIV Rates Among Gay Men And Straight People Not Fully Explained By Sexual Behavior (Sep. 14, 2007) Differences in sexual behaviors do not fully free virus removal tool explain why the US HIV epidemic affects gay men so much more than straight men and free adware virus protection women, claims research published in the journal Sexually Transmitted ... > read more Circumcision: A Proven Strategy To Prevent HIV, Study Shows (Feb. 23, 2007)avg virus check Male circumcision significantly reduces the risk of acquiring HIV in young African stomach virus wiki men, according to a University of Illinois at Chicago study published in the Feb. 24 issue of the ... > read more Search ScienceDaily Number of stories in archives: 44,032 Find with keyword(s): Enter a keyword or phrase to search ScienceDaily's archives for related news topics, the latest news stories, reference articles, science videos, images, and books. 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