>   tyung@auspacific.legent.com (Teddy Yung) writes:
>  Dear Unix guru:
>  	Long time ago, I read a document about how to classify Unix users
>  into 10 differnet grades;  Would someone mail me or re-post the document.

Is this it?

-------------------------------------
Excerpt from the Internet

>From: psc@lzaz.UUCP (Paul S. R. Chisholm)
Subject: Levels of UNIX(R) expertise
Date: 15 Sep 86

BEGINNER:
- insecure with the concept of a terminal
- has yet to learn the basics of vi
- has not figured out how to get a directory
- still has trouble with typing RETURN after each line

NOVICE:
- knows that ls will produce a directory
- uses the screen editor but calls it "vie"
- has heard of C but never used it
- has had his first bad experience with rm
- is wondering how to read his mail
- wonders why the person next to him likes UNIX so much

USER:
- uses vi an nroff but inexpertly
- has heard of regular expressions but never seen one
- has figured out that - precedes options
- has attempted to write a C program and decided to stick with Pascal
- is wondering how to move a directory
- knows how to read his mail and wonders how to read news

KNOWLEDGEABLE USER:
- uses nroff with no trouble and is learning tbl and eqn
- uses grep to search for fixed strings
- has figured out that mv will move directories
- has learned that learn(1) doesn't help
- somebody has shown him how to write C programs
- once used sed to do some text substitution
- thinks make is only for wimps

EXPERT:
- uses sed when necessary
- uses macros in vi, uses ex when necessary
- posts news at every possible opportunity
- writes C programs with vi and compiles with cc
- has figured out what && and || are for
- thinks that human history started with !h

HACKER:
- uses sed and awk with comfort
- uses undocumented features of vi
- writes C code with cat > foo.c and compiles with cc
- uses adb because he doesn't trust source debuggers
- can answer questions about the user environment
- writes his own nroff macros to supplement standard ones
- write scripts for Bourne shell (/bin/sh)
- knows how to install bug fixes

GURU:
- writes m4 and lex with comfort
- writes assembly code with cat > foo.s
- uses adb on the kernel while system is loaded
- customizes utilities by patching the source
- reads device driver source with breakfast
- can answer any unix question after a little thought
- uses make for anything that requires two or more commands
- has learned to breach security but no longer needs to

WIZARD:
- writes device drivers with cat > foo.o
- fixes bugs by patching the binaries
- can answer any question before you ask
- writes his own troff macro packages
- is on first-name basis with Dennis, Bill, and Ken


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John Meister

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