Dictionary of English Phonesthemes Part 7
Vowel Phonesthemes
- /I/ (1/3) High or Thin Tone: hiss, swish, whimper, whinney, click, clip, clink, tick, ting,
- /I/ (2/3) High Pitched or Low Amplitude Sound: clink, jingle, click, plink, bing,
- /I/ (3/3) Diminution: itsy-bitsy, kid, bit, grit, pittance, mini, Lilliput,
- /a/ (1/2) Low-Pitched, Tone: knock, blob, pop, plop, flop, plod, bawl, caw, whomp, bong, tock, clop, gong,
- /a/ (2/2) Largness: Ah!, Ah-ha!, all, always, awesome, Brobdingnag,
- /o/ (1/3) Low-Pitched, Voluminous, Lengthened Tone: moan, groan, drone,
- Slow or Long Movement: flow, float,
- Realization, Emphasis: oh!, so...!, whoa!, behold!, note, total, bold,
- /O/ (1/1) Down-To-Earthness, Effort: oof, look, hook, crook, shook, book, wood, pull,
- /U/ (1/2) Low-Pitched, Voluminous, Lengthened Tone: hoot, toot, boom, coo, whoop, whoosh, croon, tu-shoo, too wit oo woo (call of an owl),
- /U/ (2/2) Awe: ooh!, dude!, cool!, tubular!, super-duper!, groovy!, that rules!, yeah-hoo!,
- /W/ (1/2) Low-Pitched Tone: howl, yowl
- /W/ (2/2) Pain: ow!, ouch!, dour, sour, gouge, flout, oust,
- /u/ (1/2) Indistinct Low Pitch: hum, drum, thrum, bump, plump, flump, bubble, grunt, grumble, gulp, guggle, puff, gush,
- /u/ (2/2) Stuntedness, Dullness: uh, duh!, dull, stunt, thud, mumble, rut, dud,
- /e/ (1/1) Affirmation: eh?, hey!, yay!, great, ace, a-ok, US of A,
- /E/ (1/1) Affirmation: eh?, you bet!,
- /A/ (1/3) Clear and Distinct Sharp Medium Sounds: bang, tang, twang, rap, tap, slap, pat, crack, clatter, patter, cackle, crash, clash,
- /A/ (2/3) Consternation, Frustration: Ah!, blast!, damn!, crap!, rats!, bad, sad,
- /A/ (3/3) Exultation: glad, rad, ba-a-ad,
- /y/ (1/3) Lengthened, Voluminous Tone: whine, chime,
- /y/ (2/3) Slow Or Long Movement: slide, glide, sipe (ooze, drip),
- /y/ (3/3) Positivity: aye!, hi!, high, fly, try, nigh,
- /Y/ (1/1) Silliness; Contempt: oy!, boy, toy, coy, soy, annoy, ploy, goiter, hoity-toity, hoi-polloi, boing, boink, oink,
- /i/ (1/3) Slow or Long Movement: fleet, teeter, seep,
- /i/ (2/3) High-Pitched Sound: peep, beep, creak, squeak, tweet, screech,
- /i/ (3/3) Diminution, Brevity: ee!, mini, teeny-weeny,
Ablaut Modifications
(not phonesthemes per se, but still interesting)
- /I - A/ chitter / chatter, clip / clap, clitter / clatter, dib / dab, flick / flack (flap), flicker / flacker, giggle / gaggle, grip / grap, gripple / grapple, higgle / haggle, jibber / jabber, pribble / prabble, scribble / scrabble, snip / snap, snitch / snatch, ting / tang, tip / tap, tittle / tattle, whing / whang,
- /I - a/ drip / drop, hip / hop, jig / jog, jiggle / joggle, sip / sop, top / top, tit (small object) / tot (small child),
- /I - E/ clinch / clench, glint / glent, pick / peck,
- /I - u/ sniffle / snuffle, spirt / spurt, spirtle / spurtle, tick / tuck (beat the drum),
- /u - A/ cluck / clack, dush / dash, flutter / flatter, lush / lash, ruttle / rattle, sputter (auditory) / spatter (visual), splutter / splatter, bluster / blast, paddle / puddle, rugged / ragged,
- /A - a/ champ (chew) / chomp, gabble (jabber) / gobble (said of a turkey cock), jab / job, plap / plop, splash / splosh, tot (child) / tat, tad,
- /u - a/ tush / tosh (exclamation), pudge / podge (short and thick person), putter / potter,
Copyright 1997 Ben Shisler