| Chapter 1 Study Guide Section 1 1. Compare and contrast Homo habilis and Cro- Magnons, using what we believe today to be true about their lives and accomplishments. 2. What were the achievements of Homo erectus and Homo sapiens during the Stone Age? 3. What do you think was more important to the progress of human development-mastery of fire or the development of language? Defend your answer. 4. What do Johanson’s and Leakey’s findings prove about humans learning to walk upright? Point out examples from each archaeological finding. 5. How do recent findings keep revising knowledge of the prehistoric past? 6. Which of the following skills- toolmaking, the use of fire, or the development of language-do you think gave hominids the most control over their environment? Why ? 7. List and explain 3 phases of hominid development. 8. What do the migration routes of Homo sapiens reveal about their survival skills and ability to adapt? 9. Compare and Contrast the technology developed by Homo erectus and Homo habilis. 10. Compare and Contrast Neanderthals and Cro-Magnon. Section 2 1. Why did the development of agriculture lead to the establishment of villages? 2. How did the development of agriculture change life for prehistoric peoples? Compare and contrast what life was like for the old Stone Age people and the new Stone Age people. 3. Why do you think the development of agriculture occurred around the same time in several different places? 4. List and explain new tools, utensils, and other artifacts that archaeologists would likely find at the site of a permanent farming settlement. 5. List and explain 4 effects of the development of agriculture. Section 3 1. Why were cities important in the development of a civilization? 2. Why types of specialized workers did a surplus of food supplies make possible in advanced cities like Ur? Name three types of specialized workers and describe what they contributed to city life. 3. How did the ability to create increasingly sophisticated tools and technology help early people to develop increasingly complex city life? 4. It has often been said that the human being is a social animal. What evidence can you draw from this chapter to support such a statement? 5. List & Explain the five characteristics of a civilization. 6. Apply the 5 characteristics of a civilization to Ur? Give examples that prove Ur was a civilization. 7. In what ways does the ziggurat of Ur reveal that Sumerians had developed an advanced civilization? |