We can prove relationships between the multiple mentions of the same name.  For Jones, Jarvis, and Lewingdon, see the discussion below.  The two Blackalls, Thomas (1767-) and John (1791-), are father and son, with the father on his second family.  The two Strange households, William (1786-) and William (1818-1891), are father and son.  The two King households, Thomas, (1791-) and William (1816-), are probably father and son.  The two Collins households, William (1788-) and James (1816-), are father and son.

If we look at the family of Edmund Grove, we can see, in microcosm, the interbreeding of these same families.  In 1812, Edmund (1789-) had married Margaret Bearfield (1793-1844).  Margaret’s mother was Sarah Blackall (1759-1826).   Sarah’s elder brother James (1738-) had married one Ann Pope in 1760, one of their sons being Thomas, born in 1767 and already noted above.  In other words, careful examination of the records shows how kinship relationships existed at this time between families of different names.  In fact for most of these names, we can observe linkages that create one virtual family, a genetic sprawl: Jones, Jarvis, Grove, Lewingdon, Lay, Barr, Bearfield, Strange, and Blackall.  We can even weave Joseph Shaw (1792-) into this, for he had married Charlotte Cripps (1784-), whose sister Hariott had become the second wife of Thomas Blackall.  The following discussion of this grouping shows how the linkages emerge.  We have chosen to examine it through the facets of the Jarvis, Jones and Lewingdon families.  The relationships appear at levels of cousins, removed and full.  For the purposes of focus, we have looked at the relationships of the oldest living child at the time of the 1841 Census.  Although complex, the analysis pays dividends because it illustrates how members of this economic level had genetic linkages as well as often living virtually on top of each other.

The name JONES appears in five households, although they apply to four families, because one family extends into two households.  Evidence for this family extends back to the middle of the previous century, but all these households descend from the union of William (1770-1826) and Laetitia (1777-).  These two baptised 9 children, amongst whom count James, George, John and David (perhaps twins).  Three of these men married women who came from the two villages: Emma Lewingdon (John), Elizabeth Pope (James), and Martha Grove (David).  George lives in Aston Upthorpe, the others lived in Tirrold.  In the following table we see the known relationships that belong to the offspring of each union, in each case cousins: Elizabeth I (b 1830, James Jones and Elizabeth Pope) Elizabeth II (b 1841, George Jones and Mary Edney), Margaret (b 1836, David Jones and Martha Grove), Charles (b 1837, John Jones and Emma Lewingdon).

Charles would eventually marry Mary Jones.  Mary was the illegitimate daughter of his aunt Martha Grove, born before her marriage to David Jones.  Mary would herself produce a couple of illegitimate children before her marriage to Charles.  In the household of John and Emma we find John Clifford.  He is related loosely by marriage, because John Jones’s sister-in-law, Marcia Pope, married John Clifford’s brother, David.  Abraham Clifford, the brother of John and David, lives in a household recorded three away from where John and Emma live.  The household next to where John and Emma live contains Emma’s elderly parents, Matthew and Jane Lewingdon.

The name JARVIS appears constantly in the records.  At the 1841 Census, the name features in five households.  In all certainty, we have three from one side of the family and two from the other.  James Jarvis (1744-1815) and Thomas Jarvis (1741-1823) were probably brothers.  The known Jarvis names in the records descend from one or other of these two.  The Jarvis family lived in Tirrold.  Here we have two sons of James, John (1780-1849) and the recently widowed Leonard (1786-), his wife having been Martha Diggins.  On the other side, we encounter the prolific Mary Jarvis, producer of many children from different fathers.  She had died in 1833, but two of her sons have their own households (Henry, 1810-; William, 1805-1846).  The third Jarvis household from this side of the family belongs to Mary’s brother, Thomas (1767-), married to Martha Arnould.  The Census shows us that the eldest surviving child of this Thomas Jarvis, Martha, had married William Strange in 1839 and lived next door.  She is shown there with her husband, William, her illegitimate child born before her marriage, and the first of seven legitimate Strange children.  We learn also that in the household recorded next to Henry Jarvis and Anne Keep lived Anne’s mother, Susanna Keep, a lady whose production of illegitimate children almost matched that of Henry’s mother, Mary Jarvis.  In the household recorded after that of John and Emma we find the Bennetts.  James is not present, but we see his wife, the former Anne Herbert.  Herberts sit in both the Jones and Jarvis trees, as does Bennett for Jarvis.

The following table shows the relatives for these individuals: Priscilla (1807, daughter of John), Charles (1826-, son of Leonard), Martha (1815-, daughter of Thomas), Kezia (1826-, daughter of Henry) and Alice (1830-, daughter of William).  Priscilla and Charles were cousins, as were Martha, Kezia and Alice.  The relationship between the two blocks of cousins is not clear.

We do not know of a marriage partner for Priscilla, or the surname of Charles’s wife, but Kezia will marry Thomas Webb.  Two of the brothers of Martha’s husband, William Strange, will marry Alice and her sister Susan, thereby creating a very close connection between the Jarvis and Strange families for the rest of the century.

In three households, we find Lewingtons or LEWINGDONS.  They are all related.  Tirrold has two households: Matthew Lewingdon and Jane Childs, together with their daughter Margaret, now married to John Lay, and their children; William Lewingdon, his wife Charlotte Keep, and their children.  In Upthorpe lived Tom Lewingdon, his wife Ann and their children.  Tom and William are brothers, whose parents are Matthew Lewingdon and Jane Childs.  Margaret Lay is their sister.

In the following table we will examine the known relationships for Mary Lewingdon (1828-, daughter of Thomas and Ann) (Mary I), Mary Lewingdon (1838-, illegitimate daughter of Charlotte Keep, who has now married William) (Mary II), and Maria Lay (1836-, daughter of Margaret Lewingdon and John Lay).

The interrelationship between these different families, or, perhaps more accurately, different parts of the same family appears through studying their linkages down to relatively distant levels.  We see how the have multiple relationships with each other, mostly at the same social stratum.  The analysis therefore shows how relationships did mostly lie within the same levels.  Nevertheless, even though we have classified this cluster as remaining within the same stratum, leakage or connections with other economic, if not social levels still appear: Pope, even Arnould and Blackman.  The Popes, as we shall see, record activity as blacksmiths.  The Arnould and Blackman family cluster comes very close, if not related, to the Slade constellation itself.