[ METHODS ]

The Themba HIV/AIDS Organisation has developed the “Interactive Themba Theatre” (ITT) methodology to help individuals explore ways of transforming their lives and give them strategies to keep themselves safe within the specific context of HIV and AIDS in Southern Africa.

This methodology uses a range of interactive theatre techniques from a variety of sources including aspects of drama therapy, psychodrama, theatre games, improvisation, formal teaching methods, forum theatre, play devising, play directing and performance. A unique feature of the methodology is the use of short ‘cameo’ scenes that demonstrate a variety of possible responses to situations involving sexual encounters and to stigma and discrimination at work. Colour-coded visual aids are also used to impart clear messages about sex using popular terms and language. Clarification, to prevent cross-cultural misunderstanding, is achieved by inviting audience members to offer alternative words to ensure understanding is achieved among the whole audience.

While the original work was informed by the Forum Theatre technique, this was found to be not flexible enough to address the complexities of the HIV/AIDS pandemic in South Africa. Therefore this new methodology (Interactive Themba Theatre) enhancing the Forum Theatre Techniques has been created (and is still developing). Its development is based on the experiences of the group in devising and using material, and the wider experiences of the manager in charge of rehearsal and development of our plays. The Prochaska & Diclemente behaviour change model informs the methodology. The Interactive Themba Theatre (ITT) Process intervenes directly at the ‘pre-contemplative’, ‘contemplative’ and ‘decision making’ (‘determination/preparation’) stages of the Cycle of Change model. Our work allows for both an abstinence based and a “harm reduction” (i.e. condom use, fewer partners, delaying first sexual encounter etc) approach to HIV and AIDS prevention. ITT also affirms healthy behaviour at the ‘action’ and ‘maintenance’ stages.

Both the content of the plays and the subsequent audience involvement promote appropriate care and concern for people infected with and affected by HIV and AIDS, within a context of human rights and social justice.

“The cutting edge nature of Themba’s work places it in a position to continue to be innovative in exploring alternative messages to engage people in positive behaviour change.”

-Colin Collett van Rooyen. External Evaluation of the Themba HIV/AIDS Project, 2003