The
name Tellu could be derived from two sources: a mineral called tellurium,
or from Roman Mythology, where her name is usually Tellus. I believe
that the mythology factor applies to her more than the mineral.
In
Roman mythology she was known as Tellus or Terra.
Gaia,
known as Earth or Mother Earth (the Greek common noun for "land"
is ge or ga). She was an early earth goddess and it is written that
Gaia was born from Chaos, the great void of emptiness within the
universe, and with her came Eros. She gave birth to Pontus and Uranus
without male intervention.
Other
versions say that Gaia had as siblings Tartarus (the lowest part
of the earth, below Hades itself) and Eros, and without a mate,
gave birth to Uranus, Ourea and Pontus. Gaia took as her husband
Uranus, who was also her son, and their offspring included the Titans,
six sons and six daughters. She gave birth to the Cyclopes and to
three monsters that became known as the "Hecatonchires". The spirits
of punishment known as the Erinyes were also offspring of Gaia and
Uranus. The Gigantes, finally, were conceived after Uranus had been
castrated by his son Cronus, and his blood fell to earth from the
open wound.
To
protect her children from her husband, (the Cyclopes and the Hecatoncheires,
as he was fearful of their great strength), Gaia hid them all within
herself. One version says that Uranus was aghast at the sight of
his offspring so he hid them away in Tartarus, which are the bowels
of the earth.
Gaia
herself found her offspring uncomfortable and at times painful,
when the discomfort became to much to bear she asked her youngest
son Cronus to help her. She asked him to castrate Uranus, thus severing
the union between the Earth and Sky, and also to prevent more monstrous
offspring.
To
help Cronus achieve his goal Gaia produced an adamantine sickle
to serve as the weapon. Cronus hid until Uranus came to lay with
Gaia and as Uranus drew near, Cronus struck with the sickle, cutting
the genitalia from Uranus. Blood fell from the severed genitals
and came in contact with the earth and from that union was born
the Erinyes (Furies), the Giants and the Meliae (Nymphs of the manna
ash trees).
After the separation of the Earth from the Sky, Gaia gave birth
to other offspring, these being fathered by Pontus. Their names
were the sea-god Nereus, Thaumas, Phorcys, Ceto and Eurybia.
In
other versions Gaia had offspring to her brother Tartarus; they
were Echidna and Typhon, the later being an enemy of Zeus.
Apollo
killed Typhon when he took control of the oracle at Delphi, which
Gaia originally provided, and then the "Sibyl" sang the oracle in
Gaia's shrine. It was Gaia who saved Zeus from being swallowed by
Cronus, after Zeus had been born, Gaia helped Rhea to wrap a stone
in swaddling clothes, this was to trick Cronus in to thinking it
was Zeus, because Cronus had been informed that one of his children
would depose him, and so to get rid of his children he had swallowed
them, Gaia's trick worked and Zeus was then taken to Crete.
Gaia
being the primordial element from which all the gods originated
was worshiped throughout Greece, but later she went into decline
and was supplanted by other gods.
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