Laser Assisted In-Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK)

LASIK

LASIK utilizes the same laser used for PRK except treatment is not applied to the surface of the cornea. The laser treatment is applied to the inner part of the cornea after a superficial corneal flap is lifted with an automated device. After the pre-programmed laser treatment, the superficial corneal flap is placed back into the original position. The benefit of this procedure over PRK is less discomfort after surgery and faster visual recovery. Many patients return to work the next day.

Disadvantages of LASIK

Dry eye syndrom after surgery.
Complications with corneal flap can occur if patient rubs the eye very hard after surgery. If the cap is misaligned, then another operation to re-adjust it may be necessary.
Infections.
Epithelial ingrowth.
Diffuse lamella keratitis (1%). If identified on the first postoperative day can be treated appropriately to prevent patients from developing permanent loss of vision. DLK is the term used to describe nonspecific inflammatory reactions in the lamellar interface following LASIK. Although the exact cause of DLK is unknown, the condition follows a predictable time course. Potential causes of DLK are contaminates such as oil, metallic fragments, silicates, bacterial endotoxins, and betadine.
If corneal flap is cut imperfectly, need to wait three months, let it heal before attempting surgery again

Advantages of LASIK

Able to treat high amounts of near sightedness, far sightedness, and astigmatism.
Minimal pain post-operatively
Minimal corneal haze
Retreatment can be done easily within the first two months by lifting the corneal flap and adding more laser pulses to the corneal bed.