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Ernesto
Che Guevara
Ernesto Guevara was born on June 14th, 1928 in
Rosario, Argentina, though there have been some researches that say that in
fact, he was born a month before, that is May 14th, 1928. This date seems to
bother some people, so as there are two versions, well, I just stated them both.
This confusion happens because some say that his birth date was changed by his
parents for they were not married when Mrs. de la Serna got pregnant.
He was a premature kid. His parents, Ernesto Guevara Lynch and
Celia de la Serna, came from aristocratic families and from militaries who
participated in the fight for independence.
When Ernesto was 2 years old,
he turned asthmatic and his family had to move to Cordoba where his father tried
to heal him teaching him sports like foot-ball, base-ball, swimming, and rugby.
At the age of 17, Ernesto knew almost all of Argentina by riding a motor-bike.
Unfortunately, in 1950, his parents broke up and all his brothers and him went
to live with their mother, so Ernesto had to work to help his mother. In 1947 he
entered to the University of Buenos Aires in order to become a doctor, but every
time there was a chance, he traveled. In fact, in 1952, he decided to travel
through all of South America with a friend named Alberto Granado riding a
motorcycle. This trip lasted 10 months, but they had to use other means of
transportation because the motorcycle went out of order in Chile. Finally they
went to Peru, and to Macchu-Pichu, where they established in the leprosary of
San Pablo.
Later, they got to
Colombia traveling by raft through the Amazon River. There, he left Alberto and
he headed straight to Miami (for he wanted to go back to Argentina), flying in
an aero plane that transported horses.
The plane was supposed to
stay only for a day in Miami, but it had a delay of about a month, and thanks to
this, Ernesto had the opportunity to know the United States exactly as they are.
Finally, he returned to Argentina in August, where he went back to school to
graduate as a doctor in March, 1953. There's no doubt that this was an adventure
trip because they traveled without a penny, eating whenever it was possible.
After getting his title as
an allergist, his teacher, Dr. Pisani, offered Ernesto the chance to work with
him, but he didn't want to take the job, he preferred to go to Venezuela to work
with his friend Alberto, but before getting there he went to Bolivia where he
met Ricardo Rojo, an antiperonist lawyer who was expelled from Argentina.
Ernesto made his way with this man, but Ricardo convinced him to go to Guatemala
(where a revolution was about to take place), instead of to Venezuela.
There, in Guatemala,
Ernesto got astonished because of the miserable conditions in which the nation
lived, so he decides to work as a doctor in a health program between the Peten
natives. Suddenly, the American troops invaded Guatemala. Around these days was
when he becomes "Che". This name was given to him by some Cubans whom
he met in a café in 1953, but the most important thing of this trip was that in
this trip is where he got to know Marx's theory.
Later he went to Costa
Rica, where he bought some books, and back to Guatemala he met Hilda Gadea, his
second girlfriend. Anyway, the important thing here is that by these days Che
had already become a left follower and noticing the United States invasion, he
rebelled to this action as if he had been born there. Because of his
intervention in Guatemalan moves, he got blacklisted as a dangerous communist,
but he decided to become a refugee in the embassy of Argentina, and two months
later, to go to Mexico.
He arrived to Mexico on
September 21st, 1954, with his new friend Roberto Cáceres. Exactly as in
his trip with Alberto, he didn't have enough money, and he had to buy a camera
in order to be able to work. Hilda reached Mexico one month later, and they gave
birth to their first child.
It was in Mexico where
Ernesto finally met Fidel Castro, who convinced him to participate in the Cuban
Revolution. From there on Ernesto and the Cubans began to train for war, but the
police caught them and all of them fell in jail. When they were set free Fidel
decided to invade Cuba. This group got to reach to Cuba traveling by ship.
Che a baby~
While the expeditionary tried to rest a
little, they listened to some detonations. They were being attacked, so they had
to run away, but this was the beginning of the battle. However, the Cuban people
believed that Fidel was death, but they were mistaken, he wasn't. Unfortunately,
only 15 men (out of the 82 that arrived to Cuba) survived.
The rebels began the fighting, and
soon the guerrilla got to grow. While Che fought, he decided to help the natives
to study and to shoot.
This rebellion lasted for three
years (1956-1959), and finally, on January the 1st, the rebels won. Everything
in Cuba would change. All the people would have a house and a job, and the
children would study.
Because the war had
ended, Fidel asked Che to work in Cuba, and to organize the economy. After all
the changes, the rich people decided to go back to Miami.
In 1959, Che became a Cuban
citizen, and in 1960, one of Che's dreams became true: know the socialist
countries. He negotiates and signs commercial treatments with the Soviet Union,
China, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Korea and the German Democratic
Republic.
On January, 1961, the United
States breaks any tie with Cuba and Fidel declared that Cuba would become a
socialist country.
During the revolution, Ernesto
met a girl named Aleida March, so he got divorced from Hilda and married Aleida,
with whom he had 4 more children.
In 1965, Che decided to go to Africa to organize
another revolution in the Congo, but he failed. Anyway, to do this, he had to
make a letter where he quit to his relationships with any Cuban affair, because
the war in the Congo was against the Soviets, and that would affect Cuba.
Later, he decided to go to Bolivia, to
organize another revolution (that also failed), in order to make other of his
dreams become true: to build lots of Vietnams. He tried to organize a guerrilla,
but unfortunately he got caught, and finally, he was murdered on October 9th,
1967.
Che Dead~
His corpse, and those
of other guerrilla fighters, had been lost for 30 years, because the people who
killed them didn't tell any body where the bodies had been buried, but on July,
1997, some archaeologists had the fortune to find them, and now, the remains of
the bodies are buried in Cuba.
At the end I would like to mention that I'm not a fond of the communist
Ideology that was followed by Che and I disagree with it strongly but that
doesn't change the fact the Che Guevara was and always will be the ideal rebel
who fought for the liberation of humanity from the Imperialism.
Related Links:-
www.ilcircolino.it/che/index.htm
:www.alphalink.com.au/~beljim/chesong.html
