CAMPAIGNS THIS MONTH: 

MAJOR BATTLES THIS MONTH:

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JUNE 1:

• Confederate Mail Service begins/1861 
• Asmall body of raw Confederate recruits rout and disperse 85 Regulars of theSecondUnitedStatesCavalryat Chantilly.The 2nd US Cavalryhad beensentfromArlingtontoreconnoiter. Captain Marr, an officer of promise,of the Warrenton Rifles is killed.The yankees have several dead and wounded, and leave seven dead horses and many arms in the street/1861 
• [PENINSULARCAMPAIGN]Confederates drive the federals back at the Battle ofSevenPines(Fair Oaks).Upon the wounding of J.E. Johnston, General RobertE.Lee takes command of the Confederate Army at Richmond.Here he facesasoppositionthegreatestarmythathaseverstood on North American soil, and the enemy encamped at the gates of Richmond/1862 
• Lee entrenches at Cold Harbor; Grant takes up a position facing him/1864

JUNE 2:

• The SAVANNAH, a privateer, leaves Charleston Harbour to go hunting foryankee trading vessels/1861 
• United States foreign minister to England, Charles Francis Adams informsthe British foreign minister, Earl John Russell, that any more talks withConfederate commissioners will be considered an unfriendly act which makesEarl Russell say he expects to visit them no more/1862 
• CSS ALABAMA observes 15 degrees 1 minute south, 34 degrees 56 minuteswest.At 3:30am, the ALABAMA gives chase to a ship. The ship, is stillsix or seven miles off at dawn. The ALABAMA fires tow blank cartridges-- but to no avail. Then after the rifled pivot gun speaks to the ship, itheaves to and hoists the federal colors.At 11:30am the ALABAMA isalongside the AMAZONIAN of Boston. After taking prisoners and plunder,the AMAZONIAN is consigned to the flames/1863 
• [SECOND INVASION] The corps of Lieutenant General Richard S. Ewell(formerly Stonewall's Corps), is the first to break camp to head toward anInvasion of Maryland and Pennsylvania and force the northern states tocontract a peace with the Confederacy/1863

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JUNE 3: 

•  CONFEDERATE MEMORIAL DAY in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Louisiana. 
• Jefferson Davis born, 1808 
• Patriots are narrowly defeated at Philippi, Virginia/1861 
• The privateer SAVANNAH, which left port in Charleston only yesterday,overhauls the brig JOSEPH and sends her into Georgetown. In the afternoonthe brig U.S.S. PERRY attacks and captures the privateer SAVANNAH. Hercruise is ended.The SAVANNAH's crew is taken to New York and paradedthrough the streets in chains and thrown into cells reserved for felons.  They are accused of piracy and face the noose of the hangman/1861 
• [SECOND INVASION] Lee launches a second invasion from Fredericksburg/1863 
• Officers of the ALABAMA board an English brig, putting aboard her the 41  prisoners gotten from the AMAZONIAN and asks that the men on board the  brig put the prisoners ashore at Rio de Janeiro for a consideration of a  chronometer twice as many provisions as the prisoners could consume/1863 
• Lee severely repulses Grant at Second Cold Harbor. In one hour, the  federal army is repulsed three times with a loss of 13,000 men killed and  wounded.  After this the yankee troops refuse to submit to more butchery  by Grant. Federals entrench after the battle/1864

JUNE 4: 

• CSS ALABAMA captures the USS AZZAPODI aand the USS QUEEN OF BEAUTY/1863 
• [ATLANTA CAMPAIGN] Johnston shifts  his lines to Lost, Pine, and Brisk  Mountains to check sherman's advance/1864  

JUNE 5: 

• Hunter defeats Patriot Jones at the Battle of Piedmont, Va./1864  

JUNE 6: 

• Memphis falls in a union naval victory/1862 
• [VALLEY CAMPAIGN] Battle of Harrisonburg, Va., Brigadier General Turner  Ashby killed/1862  

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JUNE 7: 

• New Orleans Zouaves arrive in Richmond/1861 
• [VALLEY CAMPAIGN] On this Saturday evening, Jackson bivouacks one mile  from Port Republic on the north side of the Shenandoah River . Shields  has kept on the south side of this stream, marching parallel with  Jackson's army on its retreat/1862  

JUNE 8: 

• [VALLEY CAMPAIGN] Jackson skirmishes with Shields at Port Republic, and  as the firing dies down, the Patriots hear cannonading at Cross Keys  (Union Church) where Fremont has attacked R.S. Ewell. But Ewell defeats  the union general.  The Army of the Shenandoah does not forget about  Shields, two miles away at Port Republic, with his campfires blazing in  the night near the river/1862 
• [SECOND INVASION] R.S. Ewell's corps, in the lead of Lee's invasion of  the North, reaches Culpeper, Virginia, and waits for the rest of the  army/1863  

JUNE 9: 

• [VALLEY CAMPAIGN] Jackson defeats Shields at the Battle of Port Republic,  Va.,  taking  a  great  quantity  of badly needed spoils including  artillery/1862 
• [SECOND INVASION] Battle of Brandy Station (Beverly Ford) (Fleetwood) won  by J.E.B. Stuart. Culbraith Butler wounded and loses foot. Major W.D.  Farley killed.  The federals are driven across the Potomac. Edward A.  Moore calls this battle (p. 179) "the greatest and most stubbornly  contested cavalry engagement of the war."/1863 
• 1300 US cavalry and 3000 US infantry attack the southeast and east  sectors of Petersburg's Dimmock Line while on a raid but Southern home  guards and regulars drive them off/1864 

JUNE 10: 

• Battle of Big Bethel, Va., union repulsed/1861 
• [PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN] Lee orders Stuart to make a scout movement in the  enemy rear/1862 
• John Hunt Morgan announces to his command that they are going on a raid  soon/1863 
• This morning at Rector's Crossroads, four miles west of Middleburg, Major  John S. Mosby's command is organized as Company A, 43rd Battalion,  Partisan Rangers.  After the organization, Mosby, with Captain Browner's  Company of the Prince William Cavalry, moves toward the Potomac River/1863 
• [SECOND  INVASION]  Ewell's corps resumes its march northward from  Culpeper, Virginia, following yesterday's defeat of the d--yankees at  Brandy Station/1863 
• Forrest crushes a federal force at Brice's Crossroads, Mississippi/1864 
• CSS ALABAMA reaches the Lizard (River?) in the English Channel/1864  

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JUNE 11: 

• Washington unconstitutionally and illegally recognizes the western Virginia counties which secede from  their state yet do not recognize the States which secede from the  union/1861 
• [1st RIDE AROUND McCLELLAN][PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN] J.E.B. Stuart leads a  long column out of Lee's lines at 2am toward the Shenandoah Valley/1862 
• Major John S. Mosby crosses the Pottomac early this morning and attacks  the camp of Captain Dean's Company I, 6th Michigan Cavalry, at Seneca  Mills.  The federals fall back behind the bridge near the Mill toward  Poolesville, along a creek bordered by trees and underbrush. Mosby takes  the bridge and pushes the enemy back. In a deep cut in the road, a sharp  hand-to-hand combat occurs.  Patriots Captain Browner and Lieutenant  George H. Whitescarver are killed. Mosby routs the federals killing 4 and  wounding several.  Mosby then returns to Seneca, Maryland, destroys the  camp, recrosses the river, and brings out 17 prisoners, 23 horses, and 5  mules/1863 
• [SECOND INVASION] Ewell's Corps passes through Little Washington, Chester  Gap, Front Royal, moving on General Milroy at Winchester, Virginia/1863 
• Hampton and sheridan begin to fight near Trevilian Station/1864 
• CSS ALABAMA makes Cape La Hague on the Coast of France, and at 12:30pm,  she lets go her anchor at Cherbourg, having put in for repairs/1864  

JUNE 12: 

• [SECOND INVASION] The Second Corps under General Ewell is the first to  move on the Second Invasion. He crosses the Shenandoah River near Front  Royal and is followed by General Ambrose Powell Hill with his three  divisions composing the the Third Corps/1863 Hampton drives sheridan from Trevilian Station ending sheridan's Shenandoah raid/1864 
• Army of the Potomac crosses the Chicckahominy River and takes a position on the south side of the James River/1864 

JUNE 13: 

• [SECOND INVASION] Ewell, on the heights about Winchester, Virginia, attacks Milroy who is situated in a strongly fortified garrison near the town. Nightfall puts a temporary end to the Second Battle of Winchester, Va. Object: US garrison there/1863 
• George A. Trenholm of South Carolina is appointed Secretary of the Treasury/1864 
• [1st RIDE AROUND McCLELLAN][PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN] Stuart changes his direction eastward. Then, his men know they are going around the enemy. A sword skirmish at Taylorsville, Va., kills Captain William Latane--the only patriot killed on the Ride/1862 

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JUNE 14: 

• Today has been set aside by President Jefferson Davis as a special day of fasting and prayer in the Confederacy/1861 
• [SECOND INVASION] Ewell, after spennding the day idly until late in the afternoon at Winchester, Virginia, Hayes' Louisiana Brigade charges and captures Milroy's fort. However, most of Milroy's forces escape during the night/1863 
• [CAMPAIGN FOR PETERSBURG] Grant having moved his army across the Peninsula heads for the James River, and confers with Butler at Bermuda Hundred. Grant issues the order for an attack on Petersburg, and begins to cross the James River/1864 
• [ATLANTA CAMPAIGN] Bishop and General Leonidas Polk killed at Pine Mountain, Ga./1864 
• The USS KEARSAGE steams into Cherbourg from Flushing, communicates with the authoritites, and then steams out taking her station on the breakwater/1864 

JUNE 15: 

• [1st RIDE AROUND McCLELLAN][PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN] Stuart returns from his first ride around McClellan's army/1862 
• [SECOND INVASION] Lt. Gen. Ewell leading the invasion, captures and destroys the U.S. garrison at Winchester, Virginia, taking 4000 prisoners, 28 pieces of artillery, and hundreds of wagons and horses/1863 
• [CAMPAIGN FOR PETERSBURG] XVIII Corps under Smith crosses the Appomattox River at Broadway Landing from Bermuda Hundred and launches a fierce attack on the Dimmock Line at 7pm. 2400 men under Beauregard leave a mile of the Line and entrench behind Harrison's Creek. II Corps reinforces Smith; Army of the Potomac finishes crossing the James River east of Petersburg; sunset ends the fighting/1864 

JUNE 16: 

• [PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN] Lee tells Jackkson that the sooner he can come the better, and Jackson puts his force into action/1862
•  [CAMPAIGN FOR PETERSBURG] (early a.m.) yanks take more of Dimmock Line south of portion captured on 15th. 4000 Confederates hold Petersburg against 48,000 federals. Beauregard abandons Bermuda Hundred to hold Petersburg. Precious Richmond reserves sent to Petersburg. Fighting ends at sunset/1864 

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JUNE 17:

•  Jefferson Davis marries Sarah Knox Taylor, 1835 
• Nathaniel Lyon wins the Battle of Booneville, Missouri, over Marmaduke/1861 
• [VALLEY CAMPAIGN]Jackson, after promising his men a month's ease after such good marching and fighting, leaves bivouac at Staunton, crossing the Blue Ridge Mountains at Rockfish Gap, and leaving the Shenandoah Valley to join Lee at Richmond to help dislodge McClellan, ending the Valley Campaign. Accomplishments of Jackson's Valley Campaign--Patriots advanced to Potomac and kept reinforcements from McClellan/1862 
• [SECOND INVASION] James Longstreet, commanding the First Corps, marches by Ashby's and Snicker's Gaps into the Valley on the Second Invasion. Major General J.E.B. Stuart screens Longstreet's advance and guards the approaches to the Gaps/1863 
• [CAMPAIGN FOR PETERSBURG] union concentrates efforts on Dimmock Line south of captured area. Confederates fall back/1864
•  [CAMPAIGN FOR PETERSBURG] Lee reocccupies Bermuda Hundred before Butler gets there/1864 
• Edmund Ruffin commits suicide, not able to live under the "perfidious, malignant, and vile Yankees"/1865 

JUNE 18: 

• Democrats assemble in Baltimore and delegates from South Carolina, Tennessee, North Carolina, Virginia, and Maryland walk out/1860 
• CSS SUMTER under Semmes sails down the Mississippi River to await conditions to run the blockade/1861 
• Slidell meets in audience with Napolean III again/1863 
• With Hooker's army in motion, Major John Mosby with 3 men penetrate federal lines and at Almond Birch's house below Aldie on the Little River Turnpike, capture two federal officers and an orderly at 10pm, viz. Captain Fisher, a signal officer, and Major William R. Sterling, bearer of important despatches from Hooker to Pleasonton at Aldie/1863 
• [CAMPAIGN FOR PETERSBURG][SEIGE OF PETERSBURG] (12:30am) Beauregard orders withdrawal a mile closer to Petersburg. yankees take left flank of Dimmock Line and federals advance to new Southern lines. Lee arrives to command with the Army of Northern Virginia; all union attacks are beaten off; Grant lays seige to Petersburg/1864 
• Early routs Hunter at Lynchburg, Va./1864 
• The ALABAMA finishes her hasty preparations for battle and informs the Port Admiral at Cherbourg that he will leave port tomorrow morning/1864  

JUNE 19:

•  CSS ALABAMA proceeds at 9:30am from port at Cherbourg to meet the  KEARSAGE and sinks off coast of Cherbourg, France, during a battle with  the USS KEARSAGE/1864 
• [ATLANTA CAMPAIGN] Johnston withdraws to Kennesaw Mountain, Ga./1864  

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JUNE 20: 

• CSS ALABAMA captures the USS CONRAD/1863 
• West Virginia admitted to union/1863 
• Lindsay and Roebuck arrive in France from England to discuss strategy for  bringing the British government in with France in recognizing Confederate  Independence/1863  

JUNE 21: 

• [SECOND INVASION] Baffled at Lee's movements, Major General Alfred  Pleasonton's cavalry attacks with his entire force the men under Major  General J.E.B. Stuart near Middleburg. Stuart's cavalry falls back toward  Upperville where the hardest fighting occurs.  Stuart falls back to  Ashby's Gap when the extinction of daylight ends the battle. While Stuart  fights, John S. Mosby leaves a point on General Stuart's right, not far  from Five Points, and passes close to the enemy's left and reaches the  Bull Run Mountains near Landmark/1863 
• [SEIGE OF PETERSBURG] II and VI Corps push southwest of Grant's flank on  the Jerusalem Plank Road. Object: Weldon Railroad/1864  

JUNE 22: 

• [SECOND INVASION] John Singleton Mosby crosses the Bull Run Mountains and  falls into an ambuscade prepared for him near Ewell's Chapel. Major  General George Meade has set the trap of cavalry and infantry but Mosby  charges the cavalry which runs and Mosby's Men scatter in the infantry  fire/1863 
• [SEIGE OF PETERSBURG] Confederates Mahone and Wilcox roll by II and VI  Corps on the Jerusalem Plank Road and capture 1700 prisoners, four  cannons, and eight stands of colors/1864  

JUNE 23:

•  [PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN] McClellan directs Porter to guard the union right  flank/1862 
• Rosecrans advances from Tullahoma to dislodge Bragg from Tennessee/1863 
• [SEIGE OF PETERSBURG] II and VI Corps continue toward the Weldon Railroad, but Confederates launch a sharp attack and drive the federals off/1864 
• [EARLY'S SHENANDOAH OFFENSIVE] Early opens a Confederate offensive in the Shenandoah Valley/1864
• Cherokee leader Brigadier General Stand Watie surrenders the last Confederate army in the field which is a battalian composed of Indians at Boaksville, Choctaw Nation, Oklahoma Territory/1865 

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JUNE 24:

• [PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN] Lee issues hiis battle plans to destroy McClellan and save Richmond/1862 
• [SEIGE OF PETERSBURG] Confederates shoo yanks back to their lines/1864
  

JUNE 25:

• [PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN] Jackson goes into bivouac at Ashland, Va, few hours from Gaines Mill; McClellan attacks at Oak Grove (the Orchards, French's Field, King's School House)/1862 
• [SECOND INVASION] J.E.B. Stuart departs from the main Army on a cavalry raid to ride around Hooker and screen Lee's advance/1863
•  [SEIGE OF PETERSBURG] Lt. Col. Hennry Pleasants begins to dig a tunnel under Pegram's Salient at Petersburg to blow the Patriots away/1864

JUNE 26:

• [PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN] Jackson reachees Hundley's Corners 3 mi. from the battlefield and for some reason bivouacs and arrives at the Mechanicsville battlefield 13 hours late; A.P. Hill who was to attack with Jackson goes ahead and moves without him. Hill crosses the Chickahominy River at Meadow Bridge and carries the position at Mechanicsville finding himself in good position above Beaver Dam Creek and Ellison's Mills which he attacks furiously but fails to destroy Porter's Corps/1862 
• A South Carolina surgeon near Richmond declares that sick men are dying by the thousands/1862 
• Pope given command of the federal army of Virginia formed from Fremont, Banks, and McDowell's shattered armies/1862 
• [SEIGE OF VICKSBURG] Farragut's ships begin bombarding Vicksburg/1863 
• Rosecrans moves against Bragg at Chattanooga/1863  

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JUNE 27:

• [PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN] McClellan finally reinforces Porter; McClellan retires his right wing in early morning to his second line above Powhite Creek. At 2pm, Jackson arrives at Cold Harbor again does not attack as ordered and the day is nearly lost. Jackson replies to General Lee's query that, yes, his men are able to stand heavy fire, but they are not sent in. A.P. Hill attacks Porter again at 2:30pm at Garnett's and Golding's Farms achieving a breakthrough at Powhite Creek and Gaines Mill driving Porter back to the Chickahominy River. (Night) Porter withdraws across the Chickahominy River/1862
• Bragg replaces Beauregard in command of the Confederate Army of Mississippi/1862 
• [SECOND INVASION] Hooker is relieved from the command of the Army of the Potomac at his own request, and George Gordon Meade is appointed his successor. Meanwhile, during the night, J. E. B. Stuart crosses the Potomac River at Rowser's Ford/1863 
• [ATLANTA CAMPAIGN] sherman's frontal assault on Kennesaw Mountain is routed/1864  

JUNE 28:

• [PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN] McClellan in full retreat toward the James River, Lee sends Ewell and Stuart down the Chickahominy destroying McClellan's stores all the way to West Point, Virginia. Jackson crosses the Chickahominy on Grapevine Ridge, thence across the York River Railroad at Savage Station. Tonight his army bivouacks among the enemy dead at White Oak Swamp. Stonewall still has not thrown his forces on the enemy. Meanwhile, Lee is not sure if McClellan is retreating east or south. McClellan is moving across impenetrable White Oak Swamp/1862 
• [SECOND INVASION] Meade takes command of the federal Army of the Potomac. Meanwhile on the field, Lt. T. Lee under Hampton takes a 125 wagon train at Rockville, Maryland. Also, 50 men of Mosby's command meet at Glassock's Burnt House four miles from Upperville about noon and start for the Valley. They will cross the Blue Ridge at Snicker's Gap and head for the Potomac River and Hancock/1863 
• CSS SHENANDOAH captures ten yankee whaling ships and burns eight of them leaving two for the crews/1865
  

JUNE 29:

• [PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN] Magruder strikes McClellan's rear guard at White Oak Swamp and Savage's Station but fails to inflict any damage/1862 
• [SECOND INVASION] Stuart marches to Hoood's Mills and Sykesville, Maryland where he burns a bridge and destroys track. By evening his men bivouac at Union Mills, 10 miles from the Pennsylvania border; Lee, learning that the federals are north of the Potomac, orders a concentration at Gettysburg/1863  

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JUNE 30:

• Robert E. Lee marries Miss Mary P. Custis in the old drawing room at Arlington/1831
•  Raphael Semmes, in the CSS SUMTER which is the first Confederate raider, runs the blockade at the mouth of the Mississippi River while being chased by the larger, more powerful, and reputedly faster USS BROOKLYN. Semmes outsails the "faster" vessel/1861
• [PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN] Longstreet and A. P. Hill keep up one of the bloodiest struggles that take place during the War until nightfall at Peach Orchard, Glendale and Frazier's Farm. Lee gets as close as he gets to McClellan during the Seven Days but loses him and fails to cut off his retreat/1862 
•  [SECOND INVASION] Kilpatrick moves to Hanover, Penn., and meets opposition at the Battle of Hanover. John S. Mosby reaches the Potomac River near Hancock. Pickett's division of Longstreet's Corps is at Chambersburg, Pa., Hood's and McLaw's divisions (the remainder of Longstreet's Corps), are 15 miles from Gettysburg. Hill's Corps is at Cashtown, Pa., 9 miles from Gettysburg. Rode's division of Ewell's Corps is at Carlisle, Pa., 30 miles from Gettysburg. Ed. Johnson is at Greenville, Pa, and Early is at York, Pa. No one, including General Lee, knows where J.E.B. Stuart is; consequently, Lee also does not know where the enemy is. Jubal Early has levied for and obtained from the city of York, Pa., several thousand pairs of shoes and socks, a lesser number of hats, and $26,000 in money/1863
•  Roebuck places before English Parlliament a formal motion for the recognition of Confederate Independence/1863 
• The eight alleged Conspirators in the assassination of lincoln are found guilty by a military tribunal. Four are sentenced to imprisonment; four are to be hanged/1865
  

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