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STANHOPES    *   tiny souvenir items with a peep-hole

The name STANHOPE is after Charles Stanhope  (English, 1753-1816).  His invention was a very (very) small glass-cylinder-lens with a micro picture thus allowing very small objects to contain a tiny picture (and even more than one).  After the photographic proccess was mature (in the 1850s) the stanhopes started to conatin small real photos.
Collectors of Stanhopes have a variety of stanhopes to collect: (form, materials and subjects) nude, touristic scenes (like French cities and Niagara-Falls) to religious or just cute tiny objects&photos. The objects were made from a variety of materials (cheap or expensive) ivory, bone, metal, plastic, wood , gold and in fact almost any material.

     
left/down: an early bone binoculars with 6 photos of an unreconized town scenes. right/down: A metal cross pendant with a tiny stanhope of the Lords prayer.  top: A dip pen/letter-opener with a stanhope. Right: Zoom-in a stanhope showing views of Moffat (France).
Just to have a feeling of a Stanhope's size...