The More Rapidly Mutating Y-Chromosome Markers

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~gallgaedhil/YHRD_mutation_rates.html (This address is not hyper-linked, so you will have to copy-and-paste the address into your browser window and then click "Go" or whatever your search engine uses.)

If you have difficulty with the address as shown above, then use a YHRD Mutation Rates search term in Google and then search among the returns for one that includes "Jim Elliott" in the text, click on that and you will get "the rest of the story". Basically, this comes from a scientific YHRD Database site and, unless you are fairly knowledgeable about Y-DNA mutations, you won't get much from the exercise but, hey, you tried!

Here's another option that the Team suggsts: This display also is interior to this website and there's some other information there as well that you may find useful: http://www.worldfamilies.net/helpful_tools.htm (This address also is not hyper-linked, so go to cut-and-paste again, please.)

Observed Mutation Rates As Reported By YHRD

Locus DYS19

	No. of meioses	No. of mutations	Mutation rate (x10-3)	Reference
	996	2	2.01	Kayser et al. 2000
	249	0	n.a.	Bianchi et al. 1998
	213	0	n.a.	Heyer et al. 1997
	161	0	n.a.	Kurihara et al. 2004
	1766	3	1.70	Dupuy et al. 2004
	121	0	n.a.	Whittle (YHRD contribution)
	245	1	4.08	Ballard et al. 2005
	119	1	8.40	Souza Goes et al. 2005
	692	2	2.89	Budowle et al. 2005
overall	4562	9	1.97

Locus DYS389I

	No. of meioses	No. of mutations	Mutation rate (x10-3)	Reference
	425	1	2.35	Kayser et al. 2000
	249	0	n.a.	Bianchi et al. 1998
	213	0	n.a.	Heyer et al. 1997
	161	1	6.21	Kurihara et al. 2004
	1766	4	2.26	Dupuy et al. 2004
	121	0	n.a.	Whittle (YHRD contribution)
	247	1	4.05	Ballard et al. 2005
	119	0	n.a.	Souza Goes et al. 2005
	692	1	1.44	Budowle et al. 2005
overall	3993	8	2.00

Locus DYS389II

	No. of meioses	No. of mutations	Mutation rate (x10-3)	Reference
	425	2	4.71	Kayser et al. 2000
	161	1	6.21	Kurihara et al. 2004
	1766	4	2.26	Dupuy et al. 2004
	121	1	8.26	Whittle (YHRD contribution)
	246	2	8.13	Ballard et al. 2005
	119	0	n.a.	Souza Goes et al. 2005
	692	1	1.44	Budowle et al. 2005
overall	3530	11	3.12

Locus DYS390

	No. of meioses	No. of mutations	Mutation rate (x10-3)	Reference
	466	4	8.58	Kayser et al. 2000
	249	0	n.a.	Bianchi et al. 1998
	213	0	n.a.	Heyer et al. 1997
	161	0	n.a.	Kurihara et al. 2004
	1766	8	4.53	Dupuy et al. 2004
	121	0	n.a.	(Whittle (YHRD contribution)
	248	0	n.a.	Ballard et al. 2005
	119	1	8.40	Souza Goes et al. 2005
	692	0	n.a.	Budowle et al. 2005
overall	4035	13	3.22

Locus DYS391

	No. of meioses	No. of mutations	Mutation rate (x10-3)	Reference
	415	2	4.82	Kayser et al. 2000
	249	0	n.a.	Bianchi et al. 1998
	213	0	n.a.	Heyer et al. 1997
	161	1	6.21	Kurihara et al. 2004
	1766	8	4.53	Dupuy et al. 2004
	121	1	8.26	Whittle (YHRD contribution)
	248	2	8.06	Ballard et al. 2005
	119	1	8.40	Souza Goes et al. 2005
	692	1	1.44	Budowle et al. 2005
overall	3984	16	4.02

Locus DYS392

	No. of meioses	No. of mutations	Mutation rate (x10-3)	Reference
	415	0	n.a.	Kayser et al. 2000
	249	0	n.a.	Bianchi et al. 1998
	213	1	4.69	Heyer et al. 1997
	161	0	n.a.	Kurihara et al. 2004
	1766	0	n.a.	Dupuy et al. 2004
	121	0	n.a.	Whittle (YHRD contribution)
	226	0	n.a.	Ballard et al. 2005
	119	1	8.40	Souza Goes et al. 2005
	692	0	n.a.	Budowle et al. 2005
overall	3962	2	0.50

Locus DYS393

	No. of meioses	No. of mutations	Mutation rate (x10-3)	Reference
	415	0	n.a.	Kayser et al. 2000
	249	0	n.a.	Bianchi et al. 1998
	213	0	n.a.	Heyer et al. 1997
	161	0	n.a.	Kurihara et al. 2004
	1766	1	0.57	Dupuy et al. 2004
	121	0	n.a.	Whittle (YHRD contribution)
	248	0	n.a.	Ballard et al. 2005
	119	0	n.a.	Souza Goes et al. 2005
	692	1	1.44	Budowle et al. 2005
overall	3984	2	0.50

Locus DYS385a,b

	No. of meioses	No. of mutations	Mutation rate (x10-3)	Reference
	952	2	2.10	Kayser et al. 2000
	426	1	2.35	Heyer et al. 1997
	322	0	n.a.	Kurihara et al. 2004
	3532	7	1.98	Dupuy et al. 2004
	242	0	n.a.	Whittle (YHRD contribution)
	472	4	8.47	Ballard et al. 2005
	238	0	n.a.	Souza Goes et al. 2005
	1384	3	2.17	Budowle et al. 2005
overall	7568	17	2.25

Locus DYS438

	No. of meioses	No. of mutations	Mutation rate (x10-3)	Reference
	225	0	n.a.	Ballard et al. 2005
	119	1	8.40	Souza Goes et al. 2005
	692	0	n.a.	Budowle et al. 2005
overall	1036	1	0.96

Locus DYS439

	No. of meioses	No. of mutations	Mutation rate (x10-3)	Reference
	249	1	4.02	Ballard et al. 2005
	119	1	8.40	Souza Goes et al. 2005
	692	2	2.89	Budowle et al. 2005
overall	1060	4	3.77

(NOTE: n.a. means Not Applicable)

END OF FILE

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