TABLE OF PHYSICAL EFFECTS

After finding an appropriate effect, go to ASSESSMENT OF SOLUTION.

This table is a collection of physical effects.  It helps in locating of various, sometimes rarely used, physical effects, which could help in solving the contradiction.  All possible effects relevant to the case should be studied and carefully considered.

Once you select the physical effects, go to the web page (below) for more details
(definitions, illustrations) - > http://www.treasure-troves.com/physics/topics/Effects.html

 Measuring temperature:
· Heat distribution and the change it causes in the object's internal frequency of vibration.
· Thermo-electrical phenomena (mostly thermocouples).
· Spectrum of radiation (including IR sensors).
· Changes in optical, electrical, magnetic properties of substances.
· Move through the Curie point.
· Hopkins effect.
· Barkhausen effect.

 Lowering temperature:
· Phase transitions.
· Joule-Thomson effect.
· Rank Effect.
· Magnetic calorie effect.
· Thermoelectric phenomena.

 Raising temperature:
· Electromagnetic induction.
· Vortical currents.
· Surface effect.
· Dielectrical heating.
· Electronic heating.
· Electrical charges.
· Absorption of radiation by the substance.
· Thermo-electrical phenomena.

 Stabilizing temperature:
· Phase transitions (including the move through the Curie point).

 Indication of position and location of object:
· Introduction of marker substances;
· Transforming the external fields (luminescent traces) or creating their own fields,
    (ferromagnetic) and hence easily inspected.
· Reflection and emission of light.
· Photo effect.
· Deformation.
· X-ray and radioactive radiation.
· Luminescence.
· Change in electrical and magnetic fields.
· Electrical discharges.
· Doppler effect.

 Controlling location of objects:
· Action of magnetic field on object or on ferro-magnet linked to the object.
· Action of electrical field on charged object.
· Transfer of pressure of liquids and gases.
· Mechanical oscillations.
· Centrifugal forces.
· Heat distribution.
· Light pressure.

 Control of movement:
· Capillary action.
· Osmosis.
· Toms effect.
· Bernulli effect.
· Wave movement.
· Centrifugal forces.
· Weissenberg effect.

 Control of aerosol flows (dust, fog, smoke):
· Use of electrical charges.
· Electrical and magnetic fields
· Light pressure.

 Forming mixtures:
· Ultrasonics.
· Cavitation (including homogenizers).
· Diffusion.
· Electrical fields.
· Magnetic field in conjunction with a ferromagnetic substance.
· Electrophoresis.
· Solubilization.

 Separation of mixtures:
· Electrical and magnetic separation.
· Changing apparent viscosity of the separator liquid under the effect of electrical and magnetic fields.
· Centrifugal forces.
· Sorption.
· Diffusion.
· Osmosis.
· Flotation
· Pressure swing distillation
· Extractive distillation

 Stabilization of position of object:
· Electrical and magnetic fields.
· Fixing in liquids which harden in magnetic and electrical fields.
· Hygroscopic effect.
· Reactive movement.

 Action of forces. Control. Creation of high pressures:
· Effect of a magnetic field via a ferromagnetic substance.
· Phase transitions.
· Heat distribution.
· Centrifugal forces.
· Changing the hydrostatic forces by changes in the apparent viscosity of magnetic
    or electrically conducting liquids in a magnetic field.
· Use of explosives.
· Electro-hydraulic effect.
· Optical hydraulic effect.
· Osmosis.

 Changes in friction:
· Johnson-Rabeck effect.
· Action of radiation.
· Kragelsky phenomenon.
· Oscillation.

 Destruction of object:
· Electrical discharges.
· Electro-hydraulic effect.
· Resonance.
· Ultrasonics.
· Cavitation.
· Induced radiation.

 Accumulation of mechanical and heat energy:
· Elastic deformations.
· Hygroscopic effect.
· Phase transitions.

 Transfer of energy:
· Deformations.
· Oscillations.
· Alexandrov Effect.
· Wave movement including electric shock waves.
· Radiation.
· Heat conductivity.
· Convection.
· Phenomenon of reflection of light, (light carriers).
· Induced radiation.
· Electromagnetic induction.
· Superconductivity.

 Setting up interaction of mobile, (exchangeable), and immobile, (fixed), objects:
· Use of electromagnetic fields, (transition from "substance" to "field").

 Measuring dimensions of objects:
· Measuring inherent frequency of oscillation.
· Applying and reading magnetic and electrical markers.

 Changing the dimensions of objects:
· Heat distribution.
· Deformation.
· Magnetic electro-striction.
· Piezoelectrical effect.

 Checking of state and properties of surfaces:
· Electrical discharge.
· Reflection of light.
· Electronic emissions.
· Moire effect.
· Radiation.

 Measuring surface properties:
· Friction.
· Absorption.
· Diffusion.
· Bauschinger effect.
· Electrical discharges.
· Mechanical and acoustic oscillations.
· Ultraviolet radiation.

 Inspection of state and properties in volume:
· Introduction of "marker" substances transforming the external fields, (luminescent traces),
    or creating their own fields, (ferromagnetic), dependent on the state and properties
    of the substance under study.
· Changing the mean electrical resistance depending on the structure and properties of the object.
· Interaction with light.
· Electric and magnetic optical phenomena.
· Polarized light.
· X-ray and radioactive radiation.
· Electronic paramagnetic and nuclear magnetic resonance.
· Magnetic resilient effect.
· Move through the Curie point.
· Hopkins and Barkhausen effects.
· Measuring the inherent frequency of oscillation of an object.
· Ultrasonics, the Moessbauer effect.
· The Hall effect.

 Changing the volume properties of an object:
· Changing the properties of liquids, (apparent viscosity, fluidity), under the action
    of electrical and magnetic fields.
· Heat action.
· Phase transitions.
· Ionization under the effect of an electrical field.
· Ultraviolet, X-ray, radioactive radiation.
· Deformation.
· Diffusion.
· Electrical and magnetic fields.
· Bauschlinger effect.
· Thermoelectrical, thermo-magnetic and magnetic-optical effects.
· Cavitation.
· Photochromatic effect.
· Internal photo effect.

 Creating a given structure.  Stabilization of structure of an object:
· Interference waves.
· Standing waves.
· Moire effect.
· Magnetic waves.
· Phase transitions.
· Mechanical and acoustic oscillations.
· Cavitation.

 Indications of electrical and magnetic fields:
· Osmosis.
· Electrical charging f bodies.
· Electrical discharges.
· Piezo- and magneto-electrical effects.
· Electrets.
· Electronic emissions.
· Electro-optical phenomena.
· Hopkins and Barkhausen effect.
· Hall effect.
· Nuclear magnetic resonance.
· Gyromagnetic and magnetic optical phenomena.

 Indications of radiation:
· Optical acoustic effect.
· Heat distribution.
· Photoeffect.
· Luminescence.
· Photoplastic effect.

  Generation of electromagnetic radiation:
· Josephson effect.
· Induced radiation.
· Tunnel effect.
· Luminescence.
· Hann effect.
· Cherenkov effect.
· Stokes and anti-Stokes effects.

 Control of electromagnetic fields:
· Screening.
· Changing state of environment, for instance, increasing or decreasing its electric conductivity.
· Changing the form of the surface of bodies interacting with fields.

 Controlling light, light modulation:
· Refraction and reflection of light.
· Electrical and magnetic optical phenomena.
· Photoelasticity.
· The Kerr and Faraday effects.
· The Hann effect.
· The Franz-Kieldysh effect.

 Initiation and intensification of chemical changes:
· Ultrasonics.
· Cavitation.
· Ultraviolet, X-ray, radioactive radiation.
· Electrical discharges.
· Shock waves.
· Mycellarian catalysis.
· Quick reactions at high temperatures.

 Geometrical Effects:
· Mobius Strip
· Rotating Hyperboloid