0432: Death of St. Clestine I, Pope
0479: The Awakening of the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus
0852: Deaths of Sts. Aurelius and Natalia
0916: Death of St. Clement Slovenski
1054: Seward of Northumbria & Malcolm defeat Macbeth at Dunsinane
1061: Death of Pope Nicholas II
1148: The 2nd Crusade moves camp to the eastern side of Damascus
1245: Fredrick II condemned and deposed by the Coucil of Lyons
1276: Death of James I, "the Conqueror," King of Aragon
1365: Marriage of Enguerrand deCoucy and Isabella of England
1399: The Duke of York allies with Henry Bolingbroke at Berkely Castle
1501: Copernicus formally installed as Canon of Frauenberg Cathedral
1563: French regain Le Havre; returning English soldiers bring plague
1582: A Spanish fleet routs the allied Portugese/English/French fleets
1586: Sir Walter Raleigh brings 1st tobacco to England from Virginia
1588: The Armada anchors at Calais
1590: Castana de Sosa leaves Nueva Leon with 150 settlers for New
Mexico
1627: Sir George Calvert arrives in Newfoundland to develop his land
grant
1656: The Jewish elders of Amsterdam excommunicate Spinoza.
1681: William Cuthill, William Thomson, James Boig, Donald Cargill and
Walter Smith were hanged in Edinburgh. The five Scottish Presbyterians were martyred for
thier faith.
1694: The Bank of England received a royal charter as a commercial
institution.
1789: Congress established the Department of Foreign Affairs, the
forerunner of the Department of State.
1861: Union General George B. McClellan was put in command of the Army
of the Potomac.
1866: Cyrus W. Field finally succeeded, after two failures, in laying
the first underwater telegraph cable between North America and Europe (1,686 miles long).
1909: Orville Wright tested the US Army's first airplane, flying
himself and a passenger for one hour, 12 minutes and 40 seconds.
1918: The author of "The Complete Opera Book" was killed.
Gustav Kobbe was sailing off the coast of Long Island when he was killed by a Navy
seaplane. Kobbe was 61. "The Complete Opera Book" is still in print today.
1940: Bugs Bunny made his "official" debut in the Warner
Brothers animated cartoon "A Wild Hare."
1940: Billboard magazine starts publishing best-seller's charts.
1953: After two years and 17 days of truce negotiations, an end was
declared to the war in Korea. The TV series M*A*S*H lasted 3x's longer than the war
itself!
1967: In the wake of urban rioting, President Johnson appointed the
Kerner Commission to assess the causes of the violence, the same day black militant H. Rap
Brown said in Washington that violence was "as American as cherry pie."
1974: The House Judiciary Committee voted 27-to-eleven to recommend
President Nixon's impeachment on a charge that he had personally engaged in a "course
of conduct" designed to obstruct justice in the Watergate case.
1980: Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, deposed shah of Iran, died in an Egyptian
military hospital of cancer at age 60.
1987: Retired Ohio autoworker John Demjanjuk, accused of being the
sadistic Nazi guard known as "Ivan the Terrible," testified at his trial in
Jerusalem that he was not "the hangman you're after." (Although found guilty,
Demjanjuk had his conviction overturned by the Israeli Supreme Court.)
1988: UN Secretary-General Javier Perez de Cuellar held separate peace
talks with the foreign ministers of Iraq and Iran on a cease-fire in the eight-year-old
Persian Gulf war.
1989: Workers at the Nissan Motor Corporation assembly plant in Smyrna,
Tennessee, voted against representation by the United Auto Workers.
1989: 82 people were killed when a Korean Air DC-10 crashed while
attempting to land in heavy fog at Tripoli airport in Libya, four of them on the ground.
1990: Louisiana Gov. Buddy Roemer vetoed a tough abortion bill passed
by his state's legislature.
1990: A mistrial was declared in Raymond Buckey's retrial on charges of
molesting children at the McMartin Pre-School in California.
1991: Fighting escalated is the breakaway republic of Croatia, as a
Yugoslav air force jet fired on Croatian forces and ground fighting erupted into clashes
with federal tanks and troops.
1992: President Bush's aides attacked Democratic nominee Bill Clinton's
foreign policy credentials and judgment.
1992: At the Summer Olympics in Barcelona, the US men's volleyball team
was stripped of its victory over Japan the day before in an opening-round game.
1993: IBM reported a record $8.04 billion quarterly loss.
1993: Bombs exploded in Rome and Milan, killing at least five people.
1993: Boston Celtics star Reggie Lewis died after collapsing on a
Brandeis University basketball court during practice; he was 27.
1993: Richard Goode gave an all-Beethoven piano recital at Tanglewood.
1994: Bosnian Serbs re-imposed their blockade of Sarajevo and fired on
a U.N. convoy, killing one British soldier and wounding another.
1995: The Korean War Veterans Memorial was dedicated in Washington by
President Clinton and South Korean President Kim Young-sam.
1995: U.S. officials detained Mousa Mohamed Abu Marzook, one of the
senior leaders of the militant group Hamas, at John F. Kennedy International Airport in
New York City.
1996: American Gail Devers the won women's 100-meter dash in the
Atlanta Olympics.
1996: Terror struck the Atlanta Olympics as a pipe bomb exploded at the
public Centennial Olympic Park, killing one person and injuring more than 100.
1997: United Auto Workers approved a deal to end a six-day strike at a
General Motors parts plant that forced four assembly plant shutdowns and threatened GM's
entire North American production.
1998: President Clinton held an unsuccessful town meeting in
Albuquerque, New Mexico, on the future of Social Security, during which he expressed
skepticism about proposals to privatize part of the Social Security trust fund.
1998: Monica Lewinsky spent five hours being interviewed by prosecutors
in New York in a possile prelude to an immunity deal.
1999: The House approved President Clinton's one-year extension of
normal trade with China.
1999: In an overwhelming defeat for major league umpires, their
threatened walkout collapsed when all the umpires withdrew their resignations; however,
about one-third of them ended up losing their jobs anyway.
1999: A flash flood in Switzerland claimed the lives of 21 people, 18
of them tourists.
1999: With Air Force Col. Eileen Collins at the controls, space shuttle
Columbia returned to Earth, ending a five-day mission.
2000: Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic called presidential, parliamentary and local elections for the following September. (The election would result in Milosevic's fall from power.)
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