 in Granada Aldus of Venice invents italics University of Valencia founded end of Early and beginning of High Renaissance Michelangelo creates "Madonna and Child" Pedro Alvarez Cabral discovers Brazil for Portugal Juan de la Cosa draws map of New World first commercial colleges founded in Venice first black lead pencils used in England first recorded caesarean section performed on a living woman by Swiss pig gelder Jakob Nufer Michelangelo begins the sculpture "David" voyage Vespucci concludes S.America independent continent Montezuma II becomes chief of Aztecs Nostradamus born, French astrologer handguns help Spanish defeat French in Italy pocket handkerchief comes into use Venice proposes building of Suez Canal to Sultan of Turkey Scipione del Ferro solves a form of cubic equation Portuguese start factories on African eastern coast New World called "America" after Amerigo Vespucci John Calvin, Swiss reformer born medical license first granted earthquake destroys Constantinople first sugar cane mill in America Raphael creates "Triumph of Galatea" Titian creates "The Gypsy Madonna" American coast discovered down to Charleston da Vinci designs horizontal water wheel war between Russia & Poland first use of "masque" as poetic drama Shi'ism state religion in Persia Michelangelo finishes work in Sistine Chapel Copernicus states the earth & planets revolve around the sun Amerigo Vespucci dies Pope Leo X creates sculpture gallery at Vatican Raphael designs excavation of ancient Rome Balboa crosses Panama & discovers Pacific Ocean Juan Ponce de Leon discovers Florida 1st nationalized factories in France future Queen Mary of England born Sir Thomas More write "Utopia" da Vinci goes to France Michelangelo completes "Moses" Raphael paints "The Sistine Madonna" Titian paints "The Assumption" Portuguese reach Canton by sea coffee introduced to Europe Domenico de Pineda explores Gulf of Mexico Cortez brings Arabian horses to N.America chocolate introduced to Spain as beverage Panama City is founded by Spanish Cortez meets Aztec leader Montezuma Royal Library of France founded Michelangelo begins Medici Chapel, Florence Raphael died Portuguese traders settled in China Magellan discovered Strait of Magellan Henry VIII ordered bowling lanes built in Whitehall Magellan killed in Phillipines by natives silk manufacturing introduced to France in war town of Jamaica founded first marine insurance policies sold in Florence Hudson Bay & New York River discovered S.American turkeys first eaten in England persecution of Jews in Hungary piquet, a card game, first played Chateau de Fountainbleau is begun in France criminal code drawn up for Holy Roman Empire spinning wheel became prevelant in England workman's bench came into use Halley's Comet appeared Elizabeth I born Pizarro executed the Incas of Peru first lunatic asylums appear Jesuit Order founded by Ignatius Loyola erection of St.Basil's, Moscow English farmers can't own more than 2000 sheep first diving bells beginning of the London Exchange Pizarro founded Lima, Peru and executed Henry VIII marries Jane Seymour English Parliment declares Pope's authority void Michelangelo painted "Last Judgement" at Sistine Chapel Buenos Aires founded rubber first mentioned first Catholic hymnal Bogata founded word "America" used for first time de Soto explored Florida Olaus Magnus drew map of world first Christmas trees annulled Henry VIII married Catherine Howard Thomas Cromwell executed Grand Canyon discovered ether produced pulmonary circulation discovered by Michael Servetus DeSoto defeated Choctaw Indians and Oklahoma de Soto discovers Mississippi River Mary, Queen of Scots, crowned Antonio de Mota entered Japan as first European 1st Protestants burned at stake by Inquisition Portuguese land in Japan, brought first firearms Blasco da Garay designed first steamboat Martin Luther died Michelangelo tried to complete St.Peter's, Rome Henry VIII died first predictions of Nostradamus Moscow destroyed by fire virtually all of Italy came under Emperor Charles V's rule sealing wax first used first mention of game "cricket" Spanish introduced beef cattle to N.American Hans Sachs wrote "Tristan and Isolde" Catholic restoration in England Sir Walter Raleigh born Aztec dictionary published Nostradamus published "The Centuries", a book of predictions 300 English Protestants burned at the stake Michelangelo begins the "Pieta" tobacco brought from America to Spain Suleiman's Mosque was finished Chinese earthquake worst in history, 830,000 die Portuguese introduce snuff to Europe The Trinh & Nguyen divide kingdom of Vietnam Church of Scotland founded beginnings of Puritanism Madrid becomes capital of Spain hand grenades first made tulips come to Europe from Near East Vientiane becomes capital of Lao (Laos) Michelangelo dies Galileo Galilei born William Shakespeare born to England first European settlement in N.America, St.Augustine founded
2 million Indians died in S.America of typhoid fever Nobunaga begins reunification of Japan of Aesop" Francis Drake attacked Spanish harbor in America first official mention of carrier pigeons Francis Drake saw Pacific Ocean for first time France Iroquois League beginnings of modern botany Francis Drake returned from circumventing the globe Venice imported coffee from Turkey earthquake in London Gregorian calendar introduced into Catholic countries water wheels installed on London Bridge settlement in N.America against England Kabuki theaters began, Japan Osaka Castle completed, Japan Reverend William Lee invented first knitting frame Roanoke colonists disappeared coal mining began in Ruhr Valley first English paper mill opened ruins of Pompeii found plague in London Shakespeare wrote "Titus Andronicus" Shakespeare wrote "The Taming of the Shrew" Thoman Nashe (political cartoonist) became popular in London papers Shakespeare wrote "The Two Gentlemen of Verona" Shakespeare wrote "Love's Labour's Lost Shakespeare wrote "Romeo and Juliet" Galileo's Golden Rule Dutch colonized East Indies Mohammed III, Sultan of Turkey Shakespeare wrote "Richard II" Shakespeare wrote "A Midsummer Night's Dream" English army abandoned bow as weapon shoes with heels appeared Warsaw became capital of Poland Shakespeare wrote "King John" Shakespeare wrote "The Merchant of Venice" Sir Francis Drake died tomatoes introduced to England Galileo invented thermometer Shakespeare bought New Place, Stratford on Avon Dutch found Java Parliment decreed use of colonies for convicted criminals Ieyasu Tokugawa restored shogunates Shakespeare wrote "Much Ado About Nothing" Admiral Visunsin, Korea, invented iron-clad warship outbreak of the plague in Spain Globe Theatre, London construction began |
The printing press brings the world the written word.
Great ships with great explorers discover the "New World".
Michelangelo's "David", a masterpiece of sculpture.
Amerigo Vespucci was the first to describe the Western Hemisphere as a previously unknown continent.
Leonardo da Vinci's "Mona Lisa"
Albrecht Durer was the most important German artist in the period of transition from the late Gothic to the Renaissance
Martin Luther was a German theologian and a major leader of the Protestant reformation.
Hernan Cortes set out to conquer Mexico from the Indians.
Suleiman the Magnificent conquered Hungary and Mesopotamia and was a preeminent patron of the arts.
Henry VIII, king of England, instigated the reformation of the English church in order to secure a divorce from the first of his six wives.
Hernando de Soto is the Spanish explorer in America credited with discovery of the Mississippi River
 Sir Walter Raleigh organized an early and unsuccessful attempt to found a settlement in North America--the so-called lost colony of Roanoke. 
The first Russian ruler to be crowned tsar and to hold that official title was Ivan IV, known as the Terrible.
Mary Tudor ruled England as Queen Mary I and earned the epithet Bloody Mary for the executions of Protestants that occurred during her reign.
Elizabeth I is famous for the glamour of her court, the success of her policies, and her long-preserved virginity.
William Shakespeare was the author of the most widely admired and influential body of literature by any individual in the history of Western civilization
 Sir Francis Drake is best known for his exploits against the Spanish and his circumnavigation of the world. |
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