Bibliography
Last update November, 1997

Waterbirth Bibliography

Compiled by Barbara Harper, RN Updated 10/97

Aderhold, K.& Perry, L. (1991). Jet hydrotherapy for labor and postpartum pain relief. Maternal Child Nursing, 16, 97-99.

Alderdice, Fl, Renfrew, M., Garcia, J. & McCandlish, R. (1993). Labour and birth in water. The Lancet, 342, 1563.

Alderdice, F., R., Mary, Marchant, S., Ashurst, H., Hughes, P., Gerridge, G., and Garcia, J. (April 1995). Labour and birth in water in England and Wales. British Journal of Medicine, 310, 837.

Alderdice, F., Renfrew, M., Marchant, S., Ashurst, H., Hughes, P., Gerridge, G., and Garcia, J. ( July 1995). Labour and birth in water in England and Wales: survey report. British Journal of Midwifery, 3:7, 375-382.

Alderdice, F., Renfrew, M., Marchant, S., Ashurst, H., Hughes, P., Gerridge, G., and Garcia, J (August 1996). Labour and birth in water: National variations in practice. British Journal of Midwifery, 4:8, 1-7.

American College of Nurse-Midwives & Jacobs, S. (1993). Having Your Baby with a Nurse-Midwife. New York: Hyperion.

Atakent, P. (1992). Infection control procedures and information manual. NewYork: The Long Island College Hospital.

Attwood, Gwen & Lewis, R. (January, 1994). Pool Rules, Nursing Times, Vol. 90. No. 3, 72-73.

Balaskas, J. & Balaskas, A. (1992). New Active Birth. New York: McGraw Hill.

Balaskas, J. & Gordon, Y. (1990). Water Birth. London: Thorsons.

Beech, (November, 1996). Water Birth Unplugged. BFMP. London.

Birthing trends overshadow infection control concerns.(1987) Hospital Infection Control, 14(8), 13,115.

Brown, C. (1982). Therapeutic effects of bathing during labour. Journal of Nurse-Midwifery, 27(1) 13-16.

Brown, M. (1990). Water & birth – humans & birth. Midwives Chronicle & Nursing Notes, Feb, 56.

Burke, E. & Kilfoyle, A. (January 1995). A Comparative Study - Waterbirth and Bedbirth, Midwives Journal.

Burns, E. & Greenish, K. (1993). Pooling information. Nursing Times, 89(8), 47-49.

Callahan, T. (1986, Summer). Underwater birth. Mothering, 40, pp. 59-65.

Cammu, H., Clasen, K., & VanWettern, L. (1992). Is having a warm bath during labour useful? Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 20 (suppl 1), 104 (abstr).

Cetnters for Disease Control. (1985). Suggested health and safety guidelines for public spas and hot tubs. Manual /99-960. Atlanta, GA:CDC.

Church. L. (1989). Water birth: One birthing center's observations. Journal of Nurse-Midwifery, 34(4).

Clarke, Pl (1989). Water birth. Midwives Chronicles, 102(1218), 235-6.

Daniels, K. (1989). Water birth: The newest form of safe, gentle, joyous birth. Journal of Nurse-Midwifery, 34(4), 198-205.

Davis, B. (1985). Whirlpool operation and the prevention of infection. Infection Control, 6(10),

Day, M., (January 10, 1996). Trust demands HIV test for pool births. Nursing Times, 92: 2, 9.394-397.

Deans, .A.C. (August 5, 1995). Temperature of pool is important. British Medical Journal, 311, 390-391.

Dimond, Bridgit. (January 1994). Water births - the legal implications for midwives. Modern Midwife, 12-13.

Doniec-Ulman, I., Kokot, F., Wambach, G. & Drab, M. (1987). Water immersion-induced endocrine alterations in women with EPH gestosis. Clinical Nephrology, 28, 51-5.

Dunham, C. (1991). Mamatoto – A Celebration of Birth. New York: Penguin Books.

East Hert mothers win water fight (1995) Modern Midwife, vol 5, no 1, January (5)

Enning, C. (1995). Experience of Water Birth ( Erlebnis Wassergeburt). Koln, Germany: vgs verlagsgesellschaft

Ehrhardt, S. (1990). Reflections of waterbirth. Excerpted from A peaceful arrival for Taylor Graham in Midwifery Today, 14.

Embry, M. (1805). Observations sur un accouchement termine dans le bain. Annales de la societe de medecine pratique de Montpellier, 5(13).

Favero, M. (1984). Whirlpool spa-associated infections: Are we really in hot water? American Journal of Public Health, 74(1), 653-655.

Favero, M. (1986). Risk of AIDS and other STDs from swimming pools and whirlpools is nil. Postgraduate Medicine, 80(1), 283.

Favero, M. (1985). Disease transmission risk in hydrotherapy pool minimal; use commonsense guidelines. Hospital Infection Control, August, 98-99.

Federal Register (1991). Rules and Regulations. Occupational Safety and Health Act. 56(235), 64175-81.

Garland, D. (1995) First International conference on waterbirths Midwives June (8)

Garland, D. (July, 1995). Water Birth: An Attitude to Care. Books for Midwives Press. London

Garner, J. and Favero, M. (1985). Guideline for handwashing and hospital environmental control. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control.

Gaskin, I. (1989). Ask the midwife. Birth Gazette, 6(1), 23-25.

Goodlin, R., Hoffmann, Kl, Williams, N. & Buchan, P. (1984). Shoulder-out immersion in pregnant women. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 12, 173-7.

Gordon, Y. (1991). Water birth: A personal view. Maternal and Child Health, 16(8), 245-46, 248.

Griscom, C. (1989). Ocean Born. Germany: Wilhelm Goldmann Verlag.

Halek, J. (1995) Report on the First International Waterbirth Conference. The Journal of Perinatal Education. vol 4, No 3

Harmsworth, G. (1994). Water birth. Safety first. Nursing Times, March 16-22; 90(11), 26-30.

Harmsworth, G. (1994-1995). Waterbirth. You and Your Baby. Issue 2, 66-67.

Harned, H., Herrington, R. & Ferreiro, J. (1970). The effects of immersion and temperature on respiration in newborn lambs. Pediatrics, 45(4), 598-605.

Harper, B. (1989) Waterbirth International: Professional Survey Assesment. Journal of Nurse-Midwifery, 34(4), 206-210

Harper, B. (1994). Waterbirth: An increasingly attractive gentle birth choice. International Journal of Childbrith Education, 9(1), February/March, 17-18.

Harper, B. (1994). Gentle Birth Choices. Vermont: Healing Arts Press, Inc.

Harper, B. (1995). Highlights of the International Conference on Waterbirth. International Midwife, Issue No. 3. 4, 17.

Harper, B. (1993). Waterbirth Information Book. Portland: Global Maternal Child Health Association.

Harper, B. (Autumn 1995). Waterbirth: a 10-year retrospective. Midwifery Today, 35, 12-13

Harper, B. (Autumn 1997). Integrating Waterbirth into Maternity Care: An Agent for Change. Midwifery Today, 43, 35-36

Harvey, M., McRorie, M. and Smith, D. (undated). Suggested limits of exposure in the hot tub and sauna for the pregnant woman. University of Washington, School of Medicine (supplied by the Centers for Disease Control).

Highsmith, A. and McNamara, A. (1988). Microbiology of recreational and therapeutic whirlpools. Toxicity assessment, 3(5), 599-611.

Highsmith, A., Nhan Le, P., Khabbax, R. and Munn, V. (1985). Characteristics of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from whirlpools and bathers. Infection control, 6(10), 407-412.

Hudson, P., Vogt, R., Jillson, D., Kappel, S. and Highsmith, A. for pseudomonas dermatitis, American Journal of Epidemiology, 122(5), 915-917.

Jackson, V., Corsaro, M., Niles, C., Stange, C. & Haber, B. (1989). Incorporating water birth into nurse-midwifery practice. Journal of Nurse-Midwifery, 34(4), 193-197.

Jacobson, J. (1985). Pool-associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa dermatitis and other bathing associated infections, Infection Control, 6(10), 398-401.

Jepson, C. (1989) Water: can it help childbirth? Nursing Times November, 74-75

Johnson, Paul. (1996). Birth under water--to breathe or not to breathe. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 103, 202-208.

Jones, C. (1991). Alternative Birth: The Complete Guide. Los Angeles: Jeremy P.Tarcher. Kamayani, D. (1989). Water birth: A European perspective. Journal of Nurse Midwifery, 34(4), 190-192.

Katz, V., Ryder, R., Cefalo, R., Carmichael, S. & Goolsby, R. (1990). A comparison of bed rest and immersion for treating the edema of pregnancy. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 75, 147-51.

Katz, V. (1996) Water Exercise in Pregnancy. Seminars in Perinatology (August), 20:4, 285-291.

Kitzinger, S. (September 1995). Sheila Kitzinger's letter from England: is water birth dangerous?. Birth, 22:3, 172-173.

Kitzinger, S. (1996) The Complete Book of Pregnancy and Childbirth :New Edition. New York: Knopf

Leboyer, F. (1975). Birth Without Violence. New York: Alfrecd A. Knopf.

Lenstrup, C., Schantz, A., Berget, A., Feder, A., Roseno, H. Warm tub bath during delivery. Acta Obstetrical Gynecology Scandinavia, 66, 709-12.

Lichy, R. & Herzberg, E. (1993). The Waterbirth Handbook. United Kingdom: Gateway Books.

Lieberman, A. (1987). Easing Labor Pain. New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc.

Limburg, A. & Smulders, B. (1992). Women Giving Birth. Berkeley: Celestial Arts.

Lines, M. (November/December 1993). Waterbirth: feedback from mothers and midwives. British Journal of Midwifery, 264-267.

Long Island College Hospital (1992). Rehabilitation Department Infection Control Guidelines. Infection Control Procedures and Information Manual, 7.Oj-7.4j.

McCandlish, R. (June 1993). Immersion in water during labor and birth: the need for evaluation. Birth: Issues in Perinatal Care, 20:2, 79-85.

McGuckin, M., Chung, S., Humphrey, N., Reisman, P. (1981). Infection control practices in physical therapy. Assoc. Praact. Infection Control, 9(1), 18-19.

McNeese, N. (1988). Waterbirth: The right to an informed choice. Pre- and Peri-natal Psychology News. Spring 2(11), 17.

Milner, I. (1988) Water baths for pain relief in labour. Nursing Times, 84, 39-40.

Mitford, J. (1993). The American Way of Birth. New York: Penguin Group

Nightingale, C. (1994) Water birth in practice. Modern Midwife, January 15-19

Odent, M. (1983). Birth under water. The Lancet, 24 (31)

Odent, M. (1984). Birth Reborn. New York: Pantheon Books

Odent, M. (1987). The fetus ejection reflex. Birth, 14 (2).

Odent, M. (1990). Water and Sexuality. London: Penguin Group

Odent, M. (1992). The Nature of Birth and Breastfeeding. Westport: Bergin & Garvery

Odent, M. (1996). We are All Water Babies - Berkeley: Celestial Arts.

Ottani, Patricia A. (1995). When Parents Ask: What about Waterbirth?. The Journal of Perinatal Education, 4:3, 1-6.

Petrikovsky, B. & Schneider, E. (February 1997). Underwater Birth - A More Natural Approach to Delivery? The Female Patient, Vol. 22. 29, 32-34, 36.

Pfisterer, E., Mauss, S., (1995) Erlebnis Sanfte Geburt. Vienna, Austria: Verlag Osterreich

RMC, (1994) The use of water during birth. RCM publication , London

Ray, Sondra. (1986). Ideal Birth. Berkeley: Celestial Arts.

Reid, T. (1994). Water work. Nursing Times, 90(11), 26-30.

Rosenthal, M. (1989). A brief commentary by Michael J. Rosenthal, M.D. Journal of Nurse-Midwifery, 34(4).

Rosenthal, M. (1991). Warm-water immersion in labor and birth. The Female Patient, 16, 35-37, 40-41, 44, 46.

Rosevear, S., Fox, R., Marlow, N. & Stirrat, G. (1993). Birthing pools and the fetus. The Lancet, 342, 1048-49.

Schorn, M., McAllister, J. & Blanco, J. (1993). Water immersion and the effect on labor. Journal of Nurse-Midwifery, 38(6), 336-342.

Sidenbladh, E. (1982). Water Babies. New York: St. Martens Press

Siegel, P. (1960). Does bath water enter the vagina? Obstetrics & Gynecology, 15, 660-1.

Solomon, S. (1985). Host factors in whirlpool-associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa skin disease. Infection Control, 6(10), 402-406.

Star, R. (1986). The Healing Power of Birth. Austin: Star Publishing.

Taylor, M. (1987). In defense of waterbirth. Midwifery Today. 1(4), 48-49

Thorn, G. (1994) Water Babies. Practical Parenting. August, 15-18

Troubled Waters (Feb. 1996). Pregnancy and Birth, 74-77

UKCC, (1995) Statement on waterbirth: the current position. Midwives. January (15)

U.S. Department of Labor (1992). Occupation Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens, OSHA 3127.

Virato, S. N. (1993). Dolphins, underwater birth & superbabies. New Frontier, February, 9-13, 26.

Waldenstrom, U. & Nilsson, C. (1992). Warm tub bath after spontaneous rupture of the membranes. Birth, 19, 57-63.

Walker, James J.,. (June 1994). Birth underwater: sink or swim. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 101, 467-468.

Water Immersion Called Effective Labor Analgesic (May 1991). Ob. Gyn. News, Vol. 26, No. 10.

Water vs. conventional births: infection rates compared.(March 15, 1995). Nursing Times, 91:11, 1995.

Weston, C., O'Hare, J. Evans, J. & Corrall, R. (1987). Haemodynamic changes in man during immersion in water at different temperatures. Clinical Science, 73, 13-16.

Williams, K., (1994) Mother knows best. Nursing Times. January 5, Vol 90, No 1

Zimmerman, R., Huch, A. & Huch, R. (1993). Water birth – is it safe? Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 21, 5-11.

VIDEOTAPES

Gentle Birth Choices: The video. Barbara Harper/Win Win Productions. USA 47 min. (1993)

20\20 ABC. Water Birth segment. Dr. Timothy Johnson, commentator, Alice Irene Pifer, producer, 16 min. (1994).

Water Baby: Experiences of Waterbirth. Point of View Productions, Karil Daniels. USA. 57 min. (1983).

Water & Birth, Janet Balaskas. London, 30 min. (1992)

Water for Labor and Birth. Marina Alzugaray, CNM. USA. 23 min. (1994).

A Guide to Water Birth, Oxford University, London, 11 min. (1994).

Water Babies: The Aquanatal Experience of Ostend. Jade Productions: Thierry Devillet, Director, Belgium. 28 min. (1995)

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