Message No. 1
Date: Monday, 17 January 2000
Time: 6:22 P.M.

Subject: Discussion No. 2 (Application of Chemical Kinetics)
From: Allan S. Hugo

Greetings everyone!

We are moving now to Discussion No. 2. 

We all know that chemical kinetics deals with the rates of 
chemical reactions. We have learned several factors 
affecting the rate. 

Wouldn't it be nice if we try to research on how 
chemical kinetics is applied in the chemical industry?

Your question is: Give an example of a chemical industry 
that makes use of the principles of chemical kinetics. 
Describe the process involved as well as the chemical 
reaction. Tell us how chemical kinetics is applied in the 
process. 

Deadline is set on the midterm exam, that is, 
February 11, 2000.
Note: Exam week will be on February 8-11, 2000.

As usual start your discussion by:

Hello everyone my name is ... of EN 1? 
Good luck.

Message No. 2
Date: Wednesday, 19 January 2000
Time: 10:46 P.M.

Subject: Re: Discussion No. 2 (Application of Chemical Kinetics)
From: Karl Francis Villa Mira

Hi. I'm Karl Mira of EN1J.

We can see the use of chemical kinetics in fireworks production.
They use this principle so that their product will work well.
For example, they will make a "kamara" [dynamite-like], they 
should do the right thing to control the explosion of the said 
"kamara". They apply the principle by measuring/calculating the 
right amount of chemicals to be used. I thank you.

Message No. 3
Date: Wednesday, 19 January 2000
Time: 2:05 AM

Subject: Re: Discussion No. 2 (Application of Chemical Kinetics)
From: Joey Bagatela

Hi. My name is Joey Bagatela of EN1J.     

The use use of chemical kinetics can also be observed in the 
production of firearms bullets. They use the principle in order 
for them to get the right range of the bullets. They measure the 
right amount of chemicals for the gun powders to get their 
desired range of the bullets.

Message No. 4
Date: Wednesday, 26 January 2000
Time: 12:43 A.M.

Subject: Re: Discussion No. 2 (Application of Chemical Kinetics)
From: Eric Gotera

Hi. My name is Eric of EN1J.
 
Chemical kinetics is the study of the different rates of different 
substances in a certain reaction. It shows the time, rate, pressure, 
etc.
 
Industry: (Witheld)
Source:IPG
The witheld industry from Europe is using chemical kinetics in making 
the harmful waste of their coal plant to a useful things and 
environment-friendly.
 
Industry: (Witheld)
Source: Money Saver
The witheld industry from Japan is using chemical kinetics in 
producing more vegetables artificially. Also, another industry is 
using chemical kinetics in making electric energy from chicken manure.

Industry: (Witheld) 
Source: not determined (Philippines)
Here in Philippines an industry is using chemical kinetics in making 
medicines(a research for the development of Phil. Medicines). 
Also, i've seen a certain research from "Magandang Gabi Bayan" last 
year about the development of FMD vaccine here in the Philippines.

Industry: (Witheld) 
Source: CNN 
A certain government research group is using the chemical kinetics in 
making the toxic waste of a certain nuclear reactor into a useful gas 
presumably oxygen, hydrogen, etc. 

Message No. 5
Date: Wednesday, 26 January 2000
Time: 4:15 P.M.

Subject: Re: Discussion No. 2 (Application of Chemical Kinetics)
From: Jemer Infante

Hello everyone. Good day! My name is Jemer Infante of EN1C.

We can see the use chemical kinetics in the production of canned 
foods and medicine. They need to measure the chemicals in order 
to avoid bad result. For example in medicine, it should be in right 
amout to avoid it from being poisonous. 

Message No. 6
Date: Monday, 31 January 2000
Time: 8:49 P.M.

Subject: Re: Discussion No. 2 (Application of Chemical Kinetics)
From: Neil Guarana Parilla

Hello everyone!!! My name is Neil Parilla of EN1C.
 
There are several plants which are using chemical kinetics, 
For example: 
   1. Pertrochemicals- which accounts for manufacturing products 
              such as plastics, paints, dyes, rubber, synthetic 
              fibers, pesticides  
              
   2. Fertilizers and explosives
   3. Pharmaceuticals

I have here the complete step by step process of producing 
nitric acid which involves a lot of chemical kinetics:
 
"The production of nitric acid illustrates the complexity of many of 
the processes used by the chemical industry. Nitric acid is produced 
by oxidizing ammonia into nitrogen dioxide, which is then combined 
with water to form into acid. 

The process begins with liquid ammonia, which is heated in a steam 
jacket. In a converter, the heated air and gaseous ammonia are 
mixed and passed over a heated platinum-rhodium wire-gauze catalyst, 
oxidizing the ammomia to gas, nitogen dioxide. The heat in the 
converter is also used to generate the steam for powering the 
compressor. 

The nitrogen dioxide enters the water-spray cooler, where a portion 
is removed as a 1% nitric acid solution and the remainder, mixed 
with the water is led to the compressor, which heats the the gas to 
150 deg. C(307 deg. F) compressed and heated the gas cooled again 
forming a condensate of 20% nitric acid.

The condensate enters the absorption tower together with the acid 
from the first cooler. There, the acid and water are combined as 
they are led over a series of bubble trays. The end product is a 
60% nitric acid solution." 

Message No. 7
Date: Tuesday, 1 February 2000
Time: 9:18 P.M.

Subject: Re: Discussion No. 2 (Application of Chemical Kinetics)
From: Francis Añonuevo

Hi. This is Francis of EN1C. 

... the principles mostly use in bussiness purpose, they use the
principle to know the minimum efficient amount of substances needed
to be used. For example, "kamara" just look like any other kamara 
but differ on the composition. To have a less chance to be bunkrupt 
you need to use less on expensive one ..... the important thing is 
the ratio.

Message No. 8
Date: Tuesday, 8 February 2000
Time: 7:56 P.M.

Subject: Re: Discussion No. 2 (Application of Chemical Kinetics)
From: Clemente T. Hilado, Jr.

Ollah! I'm Clemente "Pong Pong" Hilado Jr. of EN 1J.

The example of chemical industry that applies chemical kinetics is 
Coca-Cola Bottler Company. They have good drinks because they study 
well about the chemical kinetics. They measured very well the 
chemicals to produce good drinks. They have also a good waste 
disposal. When they dispose waste from the factory they really 
measure the amount needed in that reaction mechanism so that it 
can't be harmful to that environment.... 

Message No. 9
Date: Friday, 11 February 2000
Time: 5:18 A.M.

Subject: Re: Discussion No. 2 (Application of Chemical Kinetics)
From: Rone Da-anoy

Hi everyone. I'm Rone Da-anoy of EN1J.

The industry of food preparation like preservation of fruits and 
other foods that easily get oxidized uses the principle of chemical 
kinetics by using chemicals that slow down the growth of 
bacteria/decomposers that spoil food.

Message No. 10
Date: Friday, 11 February 2000
Time: 5:53 A.M.

Subject: Re: Discussion No. 2 (Application of Chemical Kinetics)
From: Leonardo Montero, Jr.

I'm Leonardo Montero, Jr. of EN1J.

CHEMICAL KINETECS is used in industries and laboratories.  
Specific example of company is the Procter and Gamble and 
also companies that produces drugs and medicine. These companies 
use many chemicals in order to create their product and sell it
to the public. 

Medicine is one of our vital need. By the use of chemical kinetics 
man is able to manipulate and create an idea  that can make our 
lives more convenient and comfortable. That's how chemical kinetics 
is important in our lives.

Specific examples of product are soap, lotion for protection on skin
and many more.